1、英语翻译高级口译-24 及答案解析(总分：279.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSECTION 1 LISTE(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BPart A Spot Dictation/BDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer
2、in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. However mean your life is, U(1) /U; do not shun it and U(2) /U. It is not so bad as you are. It U(3) /U when you are richest. The fault-finder will U(4) /U Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps
3、have some U(5) /U hours, even in a poor-house. The U(6) /U is reflected from the windows of the alms-house U(7) /U from the rich mans abode; the snow melts before its door U(8) /U I do not see but U(9) /U may live as contentedly there, and have U(10) /U , as in a palace. The towns poor seem to me of
4、ten to live the U(11) /U of any. May be they are U(12) /U to receive U(13) /U. Most think that they are above U(14) /U by the town; but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by U(15) /U Which should be more disreputable? U (16) /U like a garden herb, like a sage. Do not U(17
5、) /U to get new things, whether clothes or friends, U(18) /U, return to them. Things do not change; U(19) /U Sell your clothes and U(20) /U （分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
6、1:_二、BPart B Listenin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each ques
7、tion you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.(A) Because many Australians are taking time off to travel.B.(B) Because the woman worked for some time in Ne
8、w Zealand.C.(C) Because the woman raised enough money for travel.D.(D) Because Australians prefer to work in New Zealand.A.(A) Cleanness.B.(B) Multi-ethnicity.C.(C) Modern characteristics.D.(D) Shopping opportunities.A.(A) Respective locations.B.(B) Historic interests.C.(C) Ancient tombs.D.(D) Jewis
9、h descendants.A.(A) Amusement.B.(B) Disbelief.C.(C) Ecstasy.D.(D) Delight.A.(A) The unsettledness of travel.B.(B) The difficulties of trekking.C.(C) The loneliness of travel.D.(D) The unfamiliar environmentQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.(A) Rioters should be executed.B
10、.(B) There was no fraud in the election.C.(C) More than 17 people died in the violence.D.(D) Thousands of Iranians had visited Tehrans main cemetery.A.(A) The industry has come down.B.(B) Negative growth of exports has come up.C.(C) Government stimulus spending.D.(D) The boost of stock market.A.(A)
11、Three.B.(B) Ten.C.(C) Fourteen.D.(D) Thirty.A.(A) The Internet file-sharing services have made the entertainment companies lose lots of money.B.(B) The Internet file-sharing companies have led their customers to download copyright materials.C.(C) The Internet file-sharing companies have download cop
12、yright materials themselves:D.(D) The Internet file-sharing companies are recovering money by downloading copyright materials.A.(A) Three people on a village lane.B.(B) A bridge built to commemorate the Olympics.C.(C) Several vehicles on a suburban highway.D.(D) A building near a police station.Ques
13、tions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.(A) She owned a car.B.(B) She drove well.C.(C) She liked drivers uniforms.D.(D) It was her childhood dream.A.(A) The right sense of direction.B.(B) The sense of judgment.C.(C) The skill of maneuvering.D.(D) The size of vehicles.A.(A) Se
14、eing interesting buildings in the city.B.(B) Being able to enjoy the world of nature.C.(C) Driving in unsettled weather.D.(D) Taking long drives outside the city.A.(A) Uncaring.B.(B) Strict.C.(C) Affectionate.D.(D) Permissive.A.(A) Rather difficult to please.B.(B) Rude to women drivers.C.(C) Talkati
15、ve and generous with tips.D.(D) Different in personality.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.(A) The expansion of its loan program.B.(B) The inclusion of its hard loans.C.(C) The inclusion of its soft loans.D.(D) The previous lending policies.A.(A) Reluctance of people in
16、poor countries to have small families.B.(B) Lack of basic health services and inequality in income distribution.C.(C) The discovery that a low fertility rate would lead to economic development.D.(D) Poor nutrition and low literacy in many poor countries of the world.A.(A) Be more involved in big inf
17、rastructure projects.B.(B) Adopt similar investment strategies in poor and rich countries.C.(C) Embark upon a review of the investment in huge dams and steel mills.D.(D) Invest in projects that would benefit the low-income sector of society.A.(A) Colossal travel expenses of its staff.B.(B) Fixed ann
18、ual loans to certain countries.C.(C) Limited impact of the banks projects.D.(D) Role as a financial deal-maker.A.(A) Biased.B.(B) Unfriendly.C.(C) Objective.D.(D) Sensational.三、BSECTION 2 READI(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several
19、 questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKL
20、ET. Questions 15 Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand yearsand why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so va
21、stly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own timesare questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method
22、of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called his
23、torical accidentsto the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence? The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the mode
24、rns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthe
25、sis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deductionby steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, wh
26、ich have been generalized from the examples of science. A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observati
27、onthese are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in
28、 recent times. The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts“ and “theories“ or “facts“ and “ideas“in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latterproves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of v
29、agueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are factsa particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of the
30、ories. Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, exc
31、ept that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact. （分数：10.00）(1).The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.(A
32、) Philosophy of MathematicsB.(B) The Recent Growth in ScienceC.(C) The Verification of FactsD.(D) Methods of Scientific Inquiry(2).According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) the similarity betwe
33、en the two periodsB.(B) that it was an act of GodC.(C) that both tried to develop the inductive methodD.(D) due to the decline of the deductive method(3).The difference between “fact“ and “theory“ _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) is that the latter needs confirmationB.(B) rests on the simplicity of the formerC.(C)
34、is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient GreeksD.(D) helps us to understand the deductive method(4).According to the author, mathematics is _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) an inductive scienceB.(B) in need of simple verificationC.(C) a deductive scienceD.(D) based on fact and theory(5).The s
35、tatement “theories are facts“ may be called _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) a metaphorB.(B) a paradoxC.(C) an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methodsD.(D) a punQuestions 610 Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acqu
36、aintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something abo
37、ut the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective o
38、f science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, of-independently of any coursesimply to provid
39、e a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our c
40、ulture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date
41、picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more
42、 women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bi
43、as, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally. We have
44、also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldnt take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a liv
45、ing. （分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, “scientific subculture“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) cultural groups that are formed by scientistsB.(B) people whose knowledge of science is very limitedC.(C) the scientific communityD.(D) people who make good contribution to science(2).We need to know somethin
46、g about the structure and operation of science because _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientistsB.(B) science affects almost every aspect of our lifeC.(C) scientists live in a specific subcultureD.(D) it is easier to understand general characterist
47、ics of science(3).The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) are intelligent college students or lay persons who do not know much about scienceB.(B) are good at producing various gadgetsC.(C) work in a storehouse of dried factsD.(D) want to have a superficial unde
48、rstanding of science(4).According to this passage,_.（分数：2.00）A.(A) English is a sexist languageB.(B) only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidlyC.(C) women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our languageD.(D) male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refe
