1、英语翻译高级口译-23 及答案解析(总分：279.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSECTION 1 LISTE(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BPart A Spot Dictation/BDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer
2、in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Government in Britain can be divided into national government and U(1) /U The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which U(2) /U for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation, etc. Parl
3、iament is made up of the U(3) /U, the House of Lords and the monarch. U(4) /U are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster“ itself is used to mean Parliament. The House of Commons, or the Commons, is the U(5) /U of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called U(6) /U or MPs, each re
4、presenting people in a U(7) /U The House of Lords, or the Lords, is the U(8) /U of the two Houses. It has U(9) /U , none of whom is elected These members include: people who have U(10) /U which have been passed down to them U(11) /U; people who are given titles as a reward for their long U(12) /U, b
5、ut whose children do not inherit their title; and some important leaders of U(13) /U, such as Archbishops and Bishops. The government U(14) /U to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to U(15) /U to be discussed. The House of Lords can U(16) /U to a bill, but does not h
6、ave the power to reject it. U(17) /U to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if U(18) /U, they are signed by the monarch and U(19) /U. At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by U(20) /U. In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go t
7、o the House of Commons. （分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BPart B Listenin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and convers
8、ations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOO
9、KLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.(A) Former schoolmates.B.(B) Colleagues.C.(C) Boss and secretary.D.(D) Neighbours.A.(A) The womans job.B.(B) The night life.C.(C) The difference between rural life and urban life.D.(D) The different personalities.A.(A) She was
10、 born in a city.B.(B) She doesnt think the noise and traffic in the city matter much.C.(C) She drives to work every day.D.(D) She enjoys a natural way of life.A.(A) Have a good sleep at home.B.(B) Take up a certain form of entertainment.C.(C) Listen to the sounds of goats or cows in the country.D.(D
11、) Appreciate the beauty of nature.A.(A) Ken is rather taciturn and not sociable.B.(B) Its not easy for one to make friends if living in the suburbs.C.(C) Nicole works in the city, and she goes to and from work by commuter train.D.(D) Ken is well aware of the changes of nature.Questions 6 to 10 are b
12、ased on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.(A) Blizzard.B.(B) Airplane crash.C.(C) Heavy rain.D.(D) Tsunami.A.(A) Nike has the ambition to become the number one brand in soccer.B.(B) Soccer-related business has become the focus of Nike.C.(C) Nike is bigger than Adidas in soccer-related business.D.(D) Co
13、mpetition between Nike and Adidas is getting more and more intense.A.(A) Minimally 15.B.(B) Over 1,000.C.(C) More than 5,000.D.(D) Not specified.A.(A) To prove to donors that the Global Fund to Fight AIDS is working efficiently.B.(B) To spend enough money to fight AIDS.C.(C) To hold a special sessio
14、n of the U. N. General Assembly.D.(D) To create a global fund to fight AIDS.A.(A) To buy a British company that operates terminals at several US ports.B.(B) To refuse to get involved in a fire storm on Capitol Hill.C.(C) To take over some operations at six US ports.D.(D) To alleviate the suspicion a
15、nd challenge from the US Congress.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.(A) Ways to become a better reader and writer.B.(B) Ways to read a harder or easier hook.C.(C) Ways to print a good book.D.(D) Ways to read a book.A.(A) He doesnt have a wife.B.(B) He has three kids
16、 to take care of.C.(C) He has to do job at home.D.(D) He is often on business trip.A.(A) Mr. Mark has much more time.B.(B) Mr. Mark has a wife to help him.C.(C) Mr. Mark doesnt have as much as responsibilities the interviewee has.D.(D) Mr. Mark is not a book lover.A.(A) By breaking down the words in
17、 the book.B.(B) By reading the summary.C.(C) By analyzing the title.D.(D) By reading some reviews.A.(A) The title of the book.B.(B) The print of the letters.C.(C) The preface of the book.D.(D) The structure of the book.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.(A) The technology
18、 to make machines quieter has been in use since the 1930s.B.(B) The technology to make machines quieter has accelerated industrial production.C.(C) The technology to make machines quieter has just been in commercial use.D.(D) The technology to make machines quieter has been invented to remove all no
19、ises.A.(A) The modern electronic anti-noise devices are an update version of the traditional methods.B.(B) The modern electronic anti-noise devices share similarities with the traditional methods.C.(C) The modern electronic anti-noise devices are as inefficient as the traditional methods.D.(D) The m
20、odern electronic anti-noise devices are based on an entirely new working principle.A.(A) Streets.B.(B) Factories.C.(C) Aircraft.D.(D) Cars.A.(A) They are more affected by noise.B.(B) They can hear talk from outside the zone.C.(C) They can work more efficiently.D.(D) They can be heard outside the zon
21、e.A.(A) Noise-control technology.B.(B) Noise in factories.C.(C) Noise-control regulations.D.(D) Noise-related effects.三、BSECTION 2 READI(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (
22、A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 15 Farmers in the developing world would ha
23、te price fluctuations. It makes it hard to plan ahead. But most of them have little choice, they sell at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the US and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in the form of guaranteed prices or direct handout. Last month US President B
24、ush signed a new farm bill that gives American farmers $190 billion over the next 10 years, or $ 83 billion more than they had been scheduled to get, and pushes US agricultural support close to crazy European levels. Bush said the step was necessary to “promote farmer independence and preserve the f
25、arm way of life for generations“. It is also designed to help the Republican Party win control of the Senate in Novembers mid-term elections. Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts for up to 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow j
26、ust enough for themselves and their families. Those who try exporting to the West find their goods whacked with huge tariffs or competing against cheaper subsidized goods. In 1999 developing counties receive in aid close up to $14 just because of trade barriers imposed on the export of their manufac
27、tured goods. Its not as if the developing world wants any favors, says Gerald Ssendawula, Ugandas Minister of Finance. “What we want is for the rich countries to let us compete. “ Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete. Land and labor are cheap, and as farming metho
28、ds develop, new technologies should improve output. This is no pie-in- the-sky speculation. The biggest success in Kenyas economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe. But that may all change in 2008, when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualif
29、y for the “least-developed country“ status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in place, the horticulture industry in Kenya will shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose. And while agriculture exports remain
30、the great hope for poor countries, reducing trade barriers in other sectors also works: Americas African Growth and Opportunity Act, which cuts duties on exports of everything from handicrafts to shoes, has proved a boom to Africas manufacturers. The lesson. the Third World can prosper if the rich w
31、orld gives it a fair go. This is what makes Bushs decision to increase farm subsidies last month all the more depressing. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalization only so it can wangle its way into new markets. Such suspicions caused the Seattle trade talks t
32、o break down three years ago. But last November members of the World Trade Organization, meeting in Doha, Qatar, finally agreed to a new round of talks designed to open up global trade in agriculture and textiles. Rich countries assured poor countries that their concerns were finally being addressed
33、. Bushs handout last month makes a lie of Americas commitment to those talks and his personal devotion to free trade. （分数：10.00）(1).By comparison, farmers _ receive more government subsidies than others.（分数：2.00）A.(A) in the developing worldB.(B) in JapanC.(C) in EuropeD.(D) in America(2).In additio
34、n to the economic considerations, there is a _ motive behind Bushs signing of the new farm bill.（分数：2.00）A.(A) partisanB.(B) socialC.(C) financialD.(D) cultural(3).Kenya is cited as an example to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) poor countries economy will continue to prosperB.(B) poor countries should no
35、t only rely on agricultureC.(C) poor countries should fight to reduce trade tariffsD.(D) poor countries should be given fair treatment(4).The message the writer attempts to convey throughout the passage is that _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) poor countries should be given equal opportunities in tradeB.(B) the “le
36、ast-developed country“ status benefits agricultural countriesC.(C) poor countries should remove their suspicions about trade liberalizationsD.(D) farmers in poor countries should also receive the benefits of subsidies(5).The writers attitude towards new farm subsidies in the US is _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) f
37、avorableB.(B) ambiguousC.(C) criticalD.(D) reservedQuestions 610 If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year
38、 than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced. What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs c
39、onfer superior soccer skills; b) winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d)none of the above. Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology profes
40、sor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.“ Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involve
41、d memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,“ Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers. “ This succe
42、ss, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, thos
43、e differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes“ the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting s
44、pecific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographic
45、al details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion, the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performerswhether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming-are nearly
46、 always made, not born. （分数：10.00）(1).The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) stress the importance of professional trainingB.(B) spotlight the soccer superstars in the World CupC.(C) introduce the topic of what makes expert performanceD.(D) explain why so
47、me soccer teams play better than others(2).The word “mania“ (Para.2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) funB.(B) crazeC.(C) hysteriaD.(D) excitement(3).According to Ericsson, good memory _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) depends on meaningful processing of informationB.(B) results from intuitive rather than cognit
48、ive exercisesC.(C) is determined by genetic rather than psychological factorsD.(D) requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration(4).Ericsson and his colleagues believe that _.（分数：2.00）A.(A) talent is a dominating factor for professional successB.(B) biographical data provide the key to excellen
