1、职称英语理工类 A级-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Her regular primary care doctor set aside her complaints with a smile.（分数：1.00）A.discussedB.dispensedC.dispatchedD.dismissed2.If you find and cure everybody who has the disease, you can curb the epidemic in its tracks.（分数：1.00
2、）A.quitB.haltC.assistD.hail3.Their business was successful as they now had a compatible board of directors.（分数：1.00）A.experiencedB.competitiveC.harmoniousD.powerful4.Some professional footballers earn more in a month than many of us do in many years.（分数：1.00）A.doB.winC.gainD.receive5.When money was
3、needed for flood relief or to build dams, the money had to come from the federal government, since there were no local funds to make use of.（分数：1.00）A.draw outB.draw togetherC.draw onD.draw off6.All the students in our sports teams are very athletic.（分数：1.00）A.fitB.strongC.fastD.physical7.When they
4、built this office block, they gave no consideration to people in wheelchairs.（分数：1.00）A.wonderB.adviceC.thoughtD.request8.Parents have become increasingly concerned about the television viewing habits of their children.（分数：1.00）A.interested inB.worried aboutC.disappointed withD.indifferent to9.Up to
5、 now, we have tolerated self-destructive behavior and environmental vandalism on a global scale.（分数：1.00）A To dateB.Until thenC.At presentD.Now that10.If you think that you can never replace that priceless painting, dont despair. All is not lost!（分数：1.00）A.cryB.5. make a noiseC.lose hopeD.be despera
6、te11.Major developmental thrusts, or “waves“ as Alvin Toffler calls them, follow each other in succession, each adding a vital new aspect.（分数：1.00）A.viewpointB.dimensionC.appearanceD.attitude12.That fence over there forms the boundary between our garden and our neighbours（分数：1.00）A.dividing lineB.fr
7、ontierC.borderD.front13.Laura was absolutely confused by the puzzle.（分数：1.00）A.perplexedB.entangledC.fascinatedD.masked14.Since the advent of the motor car, road accidents have increased dramatically.（分数：1.00）A.approachB.inaugurationC.introductionD.initiation15.The teacher couldnt tolerate the boys
8、bad behaviour any longer.（分数：1.00）A.put upB.put outC.put up withD.put off二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a
9、 large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the
10、cliff and into the sea.Erosion(侵略蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a pro blem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected a
11、nd have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea wal
12、ls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is.
13、Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened a reason the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.（分数：7.00）(1).The rising of the sea level is the cause of the
14、 problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England has now become a threat to the local residents.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The erosion can be
15、stopped if proper measures are taken.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The experts study on the problem of erosion can warn people whose homes are in danger.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens will soon become a prob
16、lem for people living in central England.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).It is not feasible to build sea defense to protect against erosion because it is too costly and will endanger neighboring areas.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).According to the author,
17、when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should guard against being cheated by the house agent.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
18、Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.2. The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough
19、 to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.3. The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some tort of shelter. By the end of World War U these wants were satisfied for a great majority of American. Then
20、 a third level appeared. It in eluded such items as automobiles and new houses.4. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the “life enriching“ level. While the other levels involve physical satisfactionthe feeding
21、, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human bodythis level stresses mental needs for recognition, achivement and happiness.5. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury“ items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and enterta
22、inment. Also included fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumers spending goes to services, which on the first three levels more is spent on goods.6. A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by comunity action. Co
23、nsumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on
24、the first four levels.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).By 1957 or 1958 most Americans_.（分数：
25、1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Clothing and some sort of shelter are_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).A family car is not related to_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BTo live in the Untied States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahre
26、ndorf s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural
27、as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle(挑战者号航天
28、飞机) and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire(变得混乱)and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it.
29、Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of t
30、echnology on our lives deserves a closer examination.Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that t
31、he switch to an informationbased economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was a revolutionary is that it le
32、d to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possi
33、bilities in knowledge and communication. The industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of
34、the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.（分数：15.00）(1).A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it _.（分数：3.00）A.is used both as a cultural and a physica
35、l objectB.serves different purposes equally wellC.is utilized by manD.can be of use to both man and animal(2).The examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl cited by the author serve to show that_.（分数：3.00）A.if not given close examination, technology could be used to destroy our worldB.technology is a
36、 human creation, so we are responsible for itC.technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by manD.being a human creation, technology is liable to error(3).According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because_.（分数：3.00）A.the computer has revolutionized the wo
37、rkings of the human mindB.the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people beforeC.it has helped to switch to an information technologyD.it has a great potential impact on society(4).By using the phrase “the human quality of technology“(Line 5, Para. 2), the author refers to the fact
38、that technology_.（分数：3.00）A.has a great impact on human lifeB.has some characteristics of human natureC.can replace some aspects of the human mindD.does not exist in the natural world(5).The passage is based on the authors _.（分数：3.00）A.keen insight into the nature of technologyB.prejudiced criticism
39、 of the role of the Industrial RevolutionC.cautious analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computersD.exaggerated description of the negative consequences of technologyB第二篇/BBotany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. For not many thousands
40、of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights(了解). It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants. But from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plan
41、ts and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines,
42、shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probab-ly not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge“ at all.Unfortunately, the m
43、ore industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Ne
44、olithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years age, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the
45、 marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varie-ties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of
46、experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.（分数：15.00）(1).It is assumed in the passage that early humans _.（分数：3.00）A.probably had extensive knowledge of plantsB.thought there was no need to cultivate cropsC.did not enjoy the study of botanyD.placed great importance on t
47、he ownership of property(2).The comment “This is logical“ in Line 7 means _.（分数：3.00）A.there is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestors knowledge of plantsB.it is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plantsC.it is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved
48、very much like people in preindustrial societiesD.human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed(3).According to the passage, the general knowledge of botany began to fade because_.（分数：3.00）A.people no longer value plants as a useful resourceB.botany is not recognized as a special bra
49、nch of scienceC.research is unable to keep up with the increasing numbers of plantsD.direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased(4).The author mentions “a rose, an apple, or an orchid“ in order to_.（分数：3.00）A.make the passage more poeticB.cite examples of plants that are attractiveC.give botanical examples t
