1、职称英语理工类 A级-6 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.（分数：1.00）A.reluctantB.eagerC.pleasedD.angry2.The council meeting terminated at 2 oclock.（分数：1.00）A.beganB.continuedC.endedD.resumed3.It is no use debating
2、the relative merits of this policy.（分数：1.00）A.makingB.takingC.discussingD.expecting4.A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.（分数：1.00）A.signB.substituteC.proofD.target5.Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.（分数：1.00）A.wasteB.buyC.useD.sell6.The secretary i
3、s expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.（分数：1.00）A.denyB.investigateC.stressD.create7.It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.（分数：1.00）A.manageB.controlC.reviseD.outset8.It is laid down in the regula
4、tions that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.（分数：1.00）A.suggestedB.warnedC.statedD.described9.Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.（分数：1.00）A.tenselyB.nearlyC.carefullyD.closely10.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.（分数：1.00）A.functionB.abilityC.powerD.volum
5、e11.The union representative put across her argument very effectively.（分数：1.00）A.explainedB.inventedC.consideredD.accepted12.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.（分数：1.00）A.graduallyB.suddenlyC.excessivelyD.exceptionally13.He t
6、alks tough but has a tender heart.（分数：1.00）A.heavyB.mildC.kindD.wild14.Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.（分数：1.00）A.supportedB.excitedC.inspiredD.directed15.The book provides a concise analysis of the countrys history.（分数：1.00）A.cleanB.perfectC.realD.brief二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短
7、文，短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选 B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选 C。B A Dolphin and an Astronomer/BOne day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolph
8、ins communicate with each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of one of the tanks where several of these friendly, highly intelligent creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back.The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his. stomach again, as the astronomer had d
9、one twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a sound just like the word “more“. The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. “Oh, yes. Thats one of the words he kno
10、ws,“ the director said, showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds, What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of da
11、nger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does in air, That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a “language“, in the real sense of the word? Scientists dont agree on thi
12、s.A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure and what we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions “Who loves Mary?“ and “Who does Mary love?“ mean very different things. If you stop t
13、o think about it, you will see that this difference doesnt come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question “Can dolphins speak?“ cant be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in a grammatical order which a
14、ffects their meaning.（分数：7.00）(1).The astronomer was not interested in the way dolphins communicate with each other.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water,（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Parts o
15、f the dolphins brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals.（分数：
16、1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Some scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Sounds can be called a language only when they have a structure and a grammar.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第
17、 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下而这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 14 段每段选择 1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BThe Weight Experiment/BNicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room cal
18、led a “calorimeter“ (热量测量室) is one way to find out.1 The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One“ and “Chamber Two“. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these. rooms another sign reads “Please do not
19、enter - work in progress“ and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.2 Nicola Waiters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the pas
20、t eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She
21、saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.3 The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six week
22、s. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry s
23、he felt and samples were taken for analysis.4 The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,“ says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise
24、bike. She pedaled (踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didnt go too fast.5 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they ma
25、y now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _. A What does the calorimeter look like inside? B What program was designed for th
26、e experiment? C What is a calorimeter? D What is the first impression? E How do the volunteers kill the time? F Why did Nicola join in the experiments?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The machinery outside the c
27、alorimeters records everything _. A the volunteers do B because she does not have a weight problem C because the life there can be very boring D make people overeat E because she was her own boss F after passing a high-protein test（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Nicola Walters had time for the experiments _.（分数
28、：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The experiments show that high-fat diets _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面打 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4个选项山选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB “Salty“ Rice Plant Boosts Harvests/B
29、British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex Universitys School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years rese
30、arching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to bree
31、d this capability into crops, starting with rice.It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and tr
32、aditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.
33、Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do
34、absorb in cells that do not affect the plants growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flo
35、wers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is
36、 true?（分数：3.00）A.They are students at Sussex University.B.They are rice breeders.C.They are husband and wife.D.They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.(2).Flowers and Yeo have started a programme（分数：3.00）A.to find ways to prevent water pollution.B.to identify genes that promote grow
37、th in salty soil.C.to breed rice plants that taste salty.D.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B.The water table has gone down after
38、 droughts.C.Sea level has been continuously rising.D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.(4).The word “affect“ in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“influence“.B.“effect“.C.“stop“.D.“present“.(5).The attitude of the author towards the research project is（分数：3.00）A.positive.B.negati
39、ve.C.suspicious.D.indifferent.B第二篇/BB Living with Computer/BAfter too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriends Liverpudlian accent suddenly becomes hard to understand after the clarity of his words on screen; a secretarys tone seems more rejecting than Id imagined it would be
40、. Time itself becomes fluid - hours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days.For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie Rose, I have done much of my work as a tele-commuter (远程交谈者
41、). I submit articles and edit them via E-mail and communicate with colleagues on internet mailing lists. My boyfriend lives in England, so much of our relationship is computer-mediated.If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love a
42、nd work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mall and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard (暴风雪) of 96 on TV.But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal. I start to feel as though Ive merged with my machines, tak
43、ing data in, spitting them back out, just another node (节点) on the Net. Others on line report the same symptoms. We start to strongly dislike the outside forms of socializing. Its like attending an A. A. meeting in a bar with everyone holding a half-sipped drink. We have become the Net opponents wor
44、st nightmare.What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, and clothes and face, has become an avoidance, a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction (网上交流), coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult
45、.At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something that Id never done previously. The voices of the programs soothe (安慰) me, but then Im jarred (使感不快) by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or compulsively (强制性地) needing to keep up with
46、 the latest news and the weather. “Dateline,“ “Frontline,“ “Nightline, CNN, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves from foreground to background.（分数：15.00）(1).Compared with the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his ac
47、cent is（分数：3.00）A.obscure.B.distinct.C.unreal.D.misleading.(2).The passage implies that the writer and her boyfriend live in（分数：3.00）A.England.B.different countries.C.the same city.D.the same country.(3).Living alone in a house, the writer seems to（分数：3.00）A.have totally forgotten her work.B.be afra
48、id of her neighbors.C.get some comfort from TV programs.D.have gone crazy.(4).We learn from the passage that the writer（分数：3.00）A.is fed up with the Net opponents.B.prefers people to the computer.C.is addicted to the computer.D.does not like human contact.(5).The phrase “coming back out of the cave“
49、 in the fifth paragraph means（分数：3.00）A.“coming back home“.B.“giving up the present job“.C.“living a luxurious life“.D.“restoring real human contact“.B第三篇/BBThe Body Clock/BWhy is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London from New York? The answer may be a
