1、职称英语理工类 A级-4 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.France has kept intimate links with its former African territories.（分数：1.00）A.friendlyB.privateC.strongD.secret2.The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society.（分数：1.00）A.destroyedB.brokeC.SmashedD.c
2、hanged3.From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous.（分数：1.00）A.fieldB.point of viewC.knowledgeD.information4.Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.（分数：1.00）A.banB.removeC.eliminateD.expel5.Her speciality is heart surgery.（分数：1.00）A.regionB.siteC.fieldD.platform6.She read
3、a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset.（分数：1.00）A.declaresB.assertsC.describesD.announces7.He was elevated to the post of prime minister.（分数：1.00）A.pulledB.promotedC.liftedD.treated8.The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.（分数：1.00）A.differentB.proudC.uncomforta
4、bleD.unconscious9.You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.（分数：1.00）A.spreadB.mixedC.beatenD.covered10.She was a puzzle.（分数：1.00）A.girlB.womanC.problemD.mystery11.Customers often defer payment for as long as possible.（分数：1.00）A.makeB.demandC.postponeD.obtain12.Reading the job ad,
5、 he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it.（分数：1.00）A.ableB.fortunateC.qualifiedD.competent13.Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.（分数：1.00）A.postedB.sentC.givenD.handed14.The latest census is encouraging.（分数：1.00）A.statementB.assessmentC.evaluationD.count15.T
6、he change in that village was miraculous.（分数：1.00）A.conservative,B.amazingC.insignificantD.unforgettable二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。BMonarch without a Kingdom/BThis November, a hundred million butterflies wi
7、ll drop from the sky over Mexico, like autumn leaves. But for how long? Genetically modified maize (玉米) could mean extinction for this beautiful butterfly, Rafael Ruiz reports.Although its body is about 3 cm long and it only weighs 1 gm, the Monarch butterfly manages to travel 5,000 km each year. It
8、 seems to be so fragile, but its long journeys are proof of its amazing ability to survive. This autumn, the Monarch butterfly will once more set out on its journey from the US. It will keep going until it reaches Mexico. It travels these huge distances to escape the cold weather in the north.In Nov
9、ember, millions of Monarchs fall like bright, golden rain onto the forests in the mountains of central Mexico. In the silence of these mountains you can hear a strange flapping (拍动) of wings, as the Monarchs arrive at their destination. In the mountains, which reach a height of 3,000 metres, the but
10、terflies are safe.Before reaching their journeys end they have faced strong winds, rain. and snowstorms and they do not all manage to reach their destination. When the winters are really bad, perhaps 70 per cent of them will not survive. Their long journey to Mexico is thought to be one of the most
11、amazing events in the whole of the American continent. When they get there they will stay until the beginning of April, when their internal calendar tells them that it is time to go back. The long journey, with all its dangers, begins again.These delicate creatures now face danger of another kind -
12、from scientific progress. In the US, millions of farms grow genetically modified maize which is pure poison for the butterfly. Laboratory experiments have shown that half of the butterflies which feed on the leaves of genetically modified maize die within 48 hours. Not all experts agree that this va
13、riety of maize is responsible for the threat to the Monarchs. In spite of these doubts, the European Union has refused to approve new crops of genetically modified maize until further investigations have been carried out.Greenpeace is campaigning against genetically modified products (in Spain, ther
14、e are already 20,000 hectares of modified maize). The environmental organization recently published a list of 100 species of butterfly in Europe alone which are threatened with extinction.（分数：7.00）(1).The Monarch butterfly travels 5,000 km each year.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(
15、2).The Monarch butterfly looks fragile.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The Mexicans like butterflies very much.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).In bad winters, about 70 per cent of the butterflies can stay alive.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mention
16、ed(5).In early April, the butterflies leave their winter homes flying back north.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Genetically modified maize isnt poisonous to the butterflies.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Genetically modified products are not popular in Mex
17、ico.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)下面的短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1个最佳标题：(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定 1个最佳选项。BThe Science of Sport/B1 At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record fo
18、r the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast.2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving muc
19、h closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So whats behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? is there a limit to human performance or will athle
20、tes continue to gain seconds?3 Most experts agree that it isnt the athletes bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the h
21、elp of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athletes body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance.4 Scientists have shown that an athletes bodys needs vary according to th
22、e type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metra sprinter. In some sports,
23、 changes in techniques have significantly improved performance.5 But in any sport, a players success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. Fo
24、r example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (想象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice.6 But a
25、s science begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge? Whats more, are all these advantages fair?（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _. A Different sports require different training programs. B Science may be too important today. C Sports e
26、quipment has been improved a lot. D Athletes are still breaking records. E Sport science helps improve athletes performances. F Mental training is as important as physical training.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
27、5).It is more difficult for todays athletes _. A to avoid psychological techniques B to break records C to better understand the athletes body and mind D to time and space E to be replacing the sporting challenge F to human performance（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).We dont know if there is a limit _.（分数：1.00）填
28、空项 1:_(7).Research has helped coaches _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Scientific advances are suspected _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1个最佳选项。B第一篇/BB Is the Tie a Necessity?/BTies, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for cen
29、turies. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British really going to abandon the neckties?Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless
30、era. He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives.In fact, Blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士) without ties, which would have been unimaginable
31、 even in the recent past.For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing re
32、spect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion.But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions.The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term coul
33、d mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰) impressed Charles II, the king of England who was exiled (流放) to France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660, he brought this new
34、 fashion item along with him.It wasnt, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. Then, clubs, military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers
35、membership in the late 19th century. After that, the tie became a necessary item of clothing for British gentlemen.But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. Anyway, the day feels a bit easier when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mood.（分数：15.00）(1).The tie s
36、ymbolizes all of the following except（分数：3.00）A.respect.B.elegance.C.politeness.D.democracy.(2).Why does Blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie?（分数：3.00）A.Because he wants to make a show.B.Because he wants to attract attention.C.Because ties are costly.D.Because he wants to live in
37、a casual way.(3).Which of the following is NOT a social occasion?（分数：3.00）A.Going to church.B.Going to work in the office.C.Staying at home.D.Going to a party.(4).Who brought the Frenchmens neckwear to Britain?（分数：3.00）A.Tony Blair.B.Charles .C.Jim Callaghan.D.Andrew Turnbull.(5).When did British ge
38、ntlemen begin to wear ties regularly?（分数：3.00）A.After the late 19th century.B.In the 1630s.C.In 1660.D.In the late 18th century.B第二篇/BB Where Have All the Frogs Gone?/BIn the 1980s, scientists around the world began to notice something strange: Frogs were disappearing. More recent research has shown
39、 that many kinds of amphibians (两栖动物) are declining or have become extinct. They have been around for a long time - over 350 million years. Why are they dying out now?Scientists are seriously concerned about this question. First of all, amphibians are an important source of scientific and medical kn
40、owledge. By studying amphibians, scientists have learned about new substances that could be very useful for treating human diseases. Further research could lead to many more discoveries, but that will be impossible if the amphibians disappear.The most serious aspect of amphibian loss, however, goes
41、beyond the amphibians themselves. Scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian decline means for the planet as a whole. If the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians, is it also becoming unlivable for other kinds of animals and human, beings as well?Scientists now believe that amphibia
42、n decline is due to several environmental factors. One of these factors is the destruction of habitat, the natural area where an animal lives. Amphibians are very sensitive to changes in their habitat. If they cannot find the right conditions, they will not lay their eggs. These days, as wild areas
43、are covered with houses, roads, farms, or factories, many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs. For example, the arroyo toad (蟾蜍) of southern California will only lay its eggs on the sandy bottom of a slow-moving stream. There are very few streams left in southern California, and those stre
44、ams are often muddy because of building projects. Not surprisingly, the arroyo toad is now in danger of extinction.There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. Pollution is one of them. In many industrial areas, air pollution has poisoned the rain, which then falls on ponds and kills th
45、e frogs and toads that live there. In farming areas, the heavy use of chemicals on crops has also killed off amphibians. Another factor is that air pollution has led to increased levels of ultraviolet (UV) light. This endangers amphibians, which seem to be especially sensitive to UV light. And final
46、ly, scientists have discovered a new disease that seems to be killing many species of amphibians in different parts of the world.All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more general concern. The destruction of land, the pollution of the air and the water, the
47、changes in our atmosphere, the spread of diseases - these factors affect human beings, too. Amphibians are especially sensitive to environmental change. Perhaps they are like the canary (金丝雀) bird that coal miners once used to take down into the mines to detect poisonous gases. When the canary becam
48、e iii or died, the miners knew that dangerous gases were near and their own lives were in danger.（分数：15.00）(1).Losing amphibians means losing（分数：3.00）A.knowledge about fatal human diseases.B.knowledge about air and water pollution.C.a chance to discover new medicines.D.an opportunity to detect poiso
49、nous gases.(2).Amphibians lay their eggs（分数：3.00）A.in any stream they can find.B.in places without UV light.C.only on sand.D.only in the right conditions.(3).The arroyo toad is disappearing because（分数：3.00）A.it has been threatened by frogs.B.it is losing its habitat.C.a disease has been killing its eggs.D.it cant bear the
