1、职称英语理工类 A级-20 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There is a famous legend here about a strange animal that lives in a cave in the mountains.（分数：1.00）A.historyB.bookC.traditionD.old story2.My grandfather would sit for hours on end staring out of the window at the mountains.（
2、分数：1.00）A.before nightfallB.continuedC.without a breakD.outside3.“You want me to send in three men to dig the box up, without making a sound, and get rid of it properly?“（分数：1.00）A.conform toB.deal withC.dispose ofD.incline to4.My friends parents were very upset when she didnt phone them from my hou
3、se.（分数：1.00）A.frightenedB.preoccupiedC.busyD.worried5.Many visitors find the tempo of life here very difficult.（分数：1.00）A.kindB.growthC.speedD.spectacle6.After the accident, my back was very painful for a long time.（分数：1.00）A.was a painB.hurt a lotC.was injuredD.wounded me7.It is necessary that the
4、membership applications should be dispatched immediately.（分数：1.00）A.depend uponB.sent offC.discussedD.filled out8.Very few people are prepared to sacrifice their own comfort for the good of other people.（分数：1.00）A.lendB.burnC.killD.give up9.The odds against you winning the national lottery are milli
5、ons to one.（分数：1.00）A.possibilityB.chancesC.statisticsD.opportunity10.The ground on which the church stands has always been regarded as sacred.（分数：1.00）A.seriousB.holyC.religiousD.saintly11.After examining the patient, the doctors could find no physiological cause for his illness.（分数：1.00）A.psycholo
6、gicalB.artificialC.physicalD.mental12.For many years my uncle ran a very successful engineering business.（分数：1.00）A.rewardingB.expensiveC.persuasiveD.profitable13.The girl practiced ceaselessly to become a professional pianist.（分数：1.00）A.continuouslyB.preciselyC.largelyD.basically14.Suddenly the yen
7、 will take a big Ufluctuation/U and wipe out that advantage we worked so hard to create, A, spring B. sling C. swing D. string（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The authorities have drawn up an elaborate plan to combat increasing crime in the city.（分数：1.00）A.a notableB.a carefulC.an extraordinaryD.a detailed二、B第 2
8、部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。The temperature of the Sun is over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The Sun is so much hotter than the E
9、arth that matter can exist only as a gas, except at the core. In the core of the Sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core. However, no one really knows, since the center of the Sun can never be directly observed. Solar astr
10、onomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the Sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere, photosphere, convection zones, and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the Sun s atmosphere. But since the Sun has no so
11、lid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main body of the Sun begins. The Suns outermost layer begins about 10,000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for millions of miles. This is the only part of the Sun that can be seen during an eclipse such as the one in F
12、ebruary 1979. At any other time, the corona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the Suns rays. The corona in brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full Moon. Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an
13、eclipse. The corona s rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy spike-like rays near the Suns north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the Suns equator. The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degree
14、 Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out as they reach the space around the planets. By the time the Suns corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible.（分数：7.00）(1).The temperature at the center of the Sun is much higher than it is at the surface.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not menti
15、oned(2).There must be a solid core in the core of the Sun.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).It is proved that the Sun is divided into five layers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The Suns atmosphere only exists in the first three zones.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B.
16、Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).The corona looks like a moon.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Gases are main part in the corona rays.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).The corona rays become weak and invisible when they reach the Earth, because the Earth is far away
17、 from the Sun.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。A new drug shows hope of conquering a form of leukemia by targeting the misbehaving cells two summers
18、 ago Douglas Jenson was so wiped out from battling chronic myelogenous(骨髓性的) leukemia(白血病) (CML) that he could do little more than sit by his window; watching the numbers on a thermometer rise and fall with the sun. Today thanks to an experimental drug called STI571 (brand name: Glivec), Jenson 67,
19、is biking in Oregon and planning a trip to the Caribbean. “I feel wonderful,“ he says.2. So do his doctors. STI571, a “smart bomb“ drug that targets leukemia cells without harming healthy ions, first made headlines last year when researchers announced that white blood counts had returned to normal i
20、n 31 out of 31 patients who had taken the pill. Last week scientists were hack reporting new data on just over 1000 patients. In one trial, more than 90 % of 532 people on the drug saw counts return to normal. And under microscopic examination, 28 percent showed no evidence of cancer left in their b
21、one marrow.3. The drug even helped, although not as dramatically, some patients in the final “blast“ phase of the disease, when survival is measured in months. STI571“has ignited the cancer-research field“, says Dr Brian Druker, an Oregan Health Sciences University researcher who developed the drug
22、with manufacturer Novartis.4. CML, diagnosed in 5100 Americans every year, is triggered when two chromosomes swap fragments of genetic information. CML starts with the mistaken swap of genes between two chromosomes. The resulting “Philadelphia chromosome“ produces the mutant Bcr-Abl protein. Bcr-Abl
23、 transfers a phosphate from the chemical messenger ATP to other proteins. They initiate a flawed signal to white blood cells to replicate incessantly.5. STI571 returns blood counts back to normal for those patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) in a “smart bomb way“ by targeting the protein
24、 that sends the message to make the white blood cells. Bone marrow transplants can work extremely well, but they re applicable only for a minority of patients; otherwise, standard treatment is the injectable drug interferon. Many patients, however, cannot tolerate the adverse effects, which include
25、severe fatigue, weight loss and depression. The new pill works by deactivating the cancer cells growth signal. Side effects- nausea, eye puffiness, muscle aches have been relatively mild so far.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 3._（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4._（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5._（分数：1.00）填空项 1
26、:_(4).Paragraph 6._（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The evidence is strong (90% success rate) _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Interferon treatment causes_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The drug will probably be approved _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Side effects of the drug _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5
27、道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BUnless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星) that reace across the night sky. Most orbit the s
28、un far from Earth and dont threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.Buy $ 50 million worth of now telescopes right now. Then spend $ 10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a f
29、atal one, the scientists say, well have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldnt be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences
30、 if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. “If we dont take care of these big asteroids, theyll take care of us,“ says one scientist. “It s t
31、hat simple.“The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them,“ said a New York Times article.（分数：15.00）(1).What does the passag
32、e say about asteroids and meteoroids?（分数：3.00）A.They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B.They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C.There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D.Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.(2).What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with
33、 Earth?（分数：3.00）A.It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B.Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C.Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.D.Its still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.(3).What do people think of the suggestion of u
34、sing nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?（分数：3.00）A.It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B.It may create more problems than it might solve.C.It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.D.Further research should be done before it is
35、 proved applicable.(4).We can conclude from the passage that_.（分数：3.00）A.while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB.asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hilt Earth in the near futureC.the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it
36、 is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD.workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth(5).Which of the following best describes the authors tone in this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Arbitrary.B第二篇/BA profound change seems to have ta
37、ken place in the economic relationship between Americans and their animals. In 1993, the pet business was a $16 billion field dominated by mom and pop outfits and independent veterinarians. Today, it is a $ 23 billion empire.Nearly 60 percent of Americans live with one or more animals. More than 30
38、million have dogs, and 27 million have cats. While the overall number of owners has remained relatively stable since the 1980s, they are spending ever greater amounts on their animals. Signs of the boom are everywhere. On the retail side, superstore chains are covering the country.Americans consider
39、 cats and dogs a “part of the family“ rather than property, which, legally, at least, they remain. (Being property themselves, for instance, animals cannot legally inherit property in wills, though growing numbers of them are being provided for in estates, and some law firms have developed a special
40、ty in the area. )The reasons for this metamorphosis from property to person are mysterious. No one seems to know exactly why Americans have changed their views. A decline in warmth among homo sapiens may explain part of the phenomenon, says attorney Lane Gabeler. She says it actually helps the pract
41、ice by giving her people a softer edge. “People hate lawyers, and we look more human with a dog,“ Gabeler insists.On the other hand, there are more reasons now to own pets than there were a generation ago. Adults in their 20s and 30s marry and have kids later, leaving more room in their lives to ado
42、pt a beast. Medical research has determined that contact with pets can lower blood pressure and fend off heart attacks, so more and more of the elderly have embraced the animal kingdom.The pet industry is confident that the future remains bright. On the health insurance side alone, for example, the
43、market has hardly been scratched. In the United Kingdom, 13 percent of the countrys 15 million owners have policies, and in Sweden, 57 percent of 7 million have been insured. But in the United States, with a total of 114 million pets, fewer than 1 percent of pets are covered if they choke on a chick
44、en bone or try to bite the UPS truck driver. So if the bond between people and their creatures truly exists, and if that bond keeps deepening economically as well as emotionally, the next wave of American moguls may well be pet insurance agents rather than Internet pioneers.（分数：15.00）(1).The profoun
45、d change in the economic relationship between Americans and their pets has been caused by the fact that _.（分数：3.00）A.more people now own vets than beforeB.people own more pets today than beforeC.the cost of pet food has decreasedD.people spend more money on their pets(2).Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly an
46、swer which of the following questions?（分数：3.00）A.Who own pets in the United States?B.Why do people raise pets?C.What are the costs of owning pets?D.What are the medical benefits of owning pets?(3).The word “metamorphosis“ (para. 4) could best be replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.changeB.improvementC.understa
47、ndingD.attitude(4).The passage supports which of the following statements?（分数：3.00）A.Americans set down pets as property in their wills.B.Most lawyers own pets of one kind or another.C.People in their 20s and 30s give their priority to raising pets rather than having children.D.The number of pets in
48、 the U.S. that have insurance policies is less than 1.14 million.(5).What does the author mean by “the market has hardly been scratched“ (para. 6)?（分数：3.00）A.Very few American pets have insurance policies.B.More people will own pets in the future.C.Americans spend less money on pets than people in o
49、ther countries.D.Few pets in America die from accident.B第三篇/BIn the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they re nowhere close to achieving
