1、职称英语理工类 A级-15 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.（分数：1.00）A.continuouslyB.quicklyC.excessivelyD.exceptionally2.If you want my advice, you should revise your plan fo
2、r the trip to Beijing.（分数：1.00）A.changeB.exchangeC.enlargeD.encourage3.During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.（分数：1.00）A.permanentB.powerfulC.strikingD.practical.4.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources
3、.（分数：1.00）A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent5.Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out.（分数：1.00）A.controversialB.reasonableC.sensibleD.sensitive6.His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.（分数：1.00）A.became betterB.became worseC.became strongerD.became weaker7.
4、His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married,（分数：1.00）A.failedB.deletedC.refusedD.rejected8.I felt impelled to tell the truth.（分数：1.00）A.promotedB.inducedC.compelledD.improved9.Are you positive that theres been no mistake?（分数：1.00）A.rationalB.reasonableC.certainD.bound10.He is sai
5、d to be suffering from terminal cancer and has asked for euthanasia (安乐死).（分数：1.00）A.acuteB.chronicC.finalD.fatal11.We should never content ourselves with a little knowledge only.（分数：1.00）A.convinceB.satisfyC.comfortD.benefit12.How can we Ureduce/U the risk of cancer?（分数：1.00）A.cut inB.cut downC.cut
6、 offD.cut out13.Smoking is inhibited in public places.（分数：1.00）A.instructedB.inquiredC.forbiddenD.strived14.We should contemplated the problem from all sides.（分数：1.00）A.deliberatedB.thoughtC.describedD.designed15.The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.（分数：1.00）
7、A.quickenB.shortenC.loosenD.enlarge二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容刈每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A项：如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B项：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择 C项。BMother Nature Shows Her Strength/BTornadoes (龙卷风) and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Sa
8、turday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous.George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的) cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a whi
9、le. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared.“ Snyder said.Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into te
10、lephone and electrical wires as they went down.Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. “I knew something was wrong“ she said. “1 saw the sky go green and pink (粉红色). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for p
11、rotection.“The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water, damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.The storms caused serious fl
12、ooding in areas near the river More than four inches of rainfall in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses.Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other res
13、cue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state of officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated (撤走). The Red Cross serv
14、ed meals to them.“This was a really intense storm.“ said Snyder. “People were afraid, Mother Nature call befierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“（分数：7.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).George Snyder w
15、as a fire tighter.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Amanda Sym check was having a party in the basement when the storm began.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(
16、5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trum bull County for a hundred years.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.A. Rig
17、ht B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。BThe Mir Space Station/BThe Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the c
18、oncept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.During Mirs lifetime, Russia spent about USS 4.2 billion to build and maintain the station.The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed t
19、o last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whorh were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the
20、United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles.The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and
21、their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.A debate continues over Mirs contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carded scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $
22、 80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favoring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in spacelo
23、ng enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spe
24、nt 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures.Most of these problems were r
25、epaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mirs reputation as a space station was mined.Mirs setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed l
26、ong4erm human habitation in space was possible. But its time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
27、4).Paragraph 8 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).In Mir, the US astronauts created _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).T
28、he writer tends to think that Mir was _. A. everything（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。B第一篇/BBUrban Rainforest/BOn the west side of the island of Manhattan in New York City, tree by tree, leaf by leaf, a 2,500 square foot sector of the Central African Re
29、publics Dzanga Ndoki Rainforest has been transported to, or recreated at, the American Museum of Natural Historys new hall of biodiversity. When the hall opens this May, visitors will visit one of the worlds biggest and most accurate reproduction of one of natures most threatened creations.To bring
30、the rainforest to New York, a team of nearly two dozen scientists the largest collecting expedition the museum has ever organized for an exhibit spent five weeks in the African rainforest collecting soil, plants, and leaves: recording and documenting species; studying trees; shooting videotape and s
31、till photos: and interviewing local people. “This area has been explored very little,“ says Hoel Cracraft who estimates that the museum will eventually collect 150 to 180 mammals, more than 300 species of birds, hundreds of butterflies, and hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of organisms. The e
32、xhibition may even have produced a special prize scientists suspect they have uncovered several new species.To give the forest a sense of realness, the back wall of the exhibit is an enormous ,video screen, sounds will come out from hidden speakers, and plans even call for forest smells. Computer co
33、ntrols will vary the effects so that no two walkthroughs will ever be exactly the same.After the team returned to New York, the forest was reproduced with the help of the computer. Computer Modelling programmes plotted distances and special relationships. Artists studied photos and brought what they
34、 saw to life. Plaster trees were made. Recreated animals began to stand in the rainforest of the hall. Flying creatures will hang from the ceiling. The light in the forest one of the exhibits cleverest re-creations will seem real. Long tube lights will have the correct colour and temperature to prod
35、uce a natural effect. The plants and animals exhibited throughout the hall exist naturally in a perfect balance remove one, and the whole is imperfect if not endangered. The exhibit is proof to the hope that the worlds rainforests will never exist solely as a carefully preserved artifact.BUrban Rain
36、forest/BOn the west side of the island of Manhattan in New York City, tree by tree, leaf by leaf, a 2,500 square foot sector of the Central African Republics Dzanga Ndoki Rainforest has been transported to, or recreated at, the American Museum of Natural Historys new hall of biodiversity. When the h
37、all opens this May, visitors will visit one of the worlds biggest and most accurate reproduction of one of natures most threatened creations.To bring the rainforest to New York, a team of nearly two dozen scientists the largest collecting expedition the museum has ever organized for an exhibit spent
38、 five weeks in the African rainforest collecting soil, plants, and leaves: recording and documenting species; studying trees; shooting videotape and still photos: and interviewing local people. “This area has been explored very little,“ says Hoel Cracraft who estimates that the museum will eventuall
39、y collect 150 to 180 mammals, more than 300 species of birds, hundreds of butterflies, and hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of organisms. The exhibition may even have produced a special prize scientists suspect they have uncovered several new species.To give the forest a sense of realness, th
40、e back wall of the exhibit is an enormous ,video screen, sounds will come out from hidden speakers, and plans even call for forest smells. Computer controls will vary the effects so that no two walkthroughs will ever be exactly the same.After the team returned to New York, the forest was reproduced
41、with the help of the computer. Computer Modelling programmes plotted distances and special relationships. Artists studied photos and brought what they saw to life. Plaster trees were made. Recreated animals began to stand in the rainforest of the hall. Flying creatures will hang from the ceiling. Th
42、e light in the forest one of the exhibits cleverest re-creations will seem real. Long tube lights will have the correct colour and temperature to produce a natural effect. The plants and animals exhibited throughout the hall exist naturally in a perfect balance remove one, and the whole is imperfect
43、 if not endangered. The exhibit is proof to the hope that the worlds rainforests will never exist solely as a carefully preserved artifact.（分数：15.00）(1).What is this passage mainly about?（分数：3.00）A.The history of the American Museum of Natural History.B.The reproduction of the rainforest at a New Yo
44、rk museum.C.Visitors interest in the rainforest reproduction at a New York museum.D.Saving min forests in the Central African Republic.(2).How did the museum collect the data in the Central African Republic?（分数：3.00）A.It sent a large team of scientists there.B.It cooperated with many African scienti
45、sts.C.It recruited local people to collect mammals, etc.D.It sent cameramen to shoot videotapes.(3).To give the forest a sense of realness, all the following are used EXCEPT that _.（分数：3.00）A.hidden loudspeakers are used to produce forest soundB.a huge video screen is put up on the back wallC.specia
46、l equipment is employed to produce forest smellsD.the forest is surrounded by front and back walls(4).What is the main theme of the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.The layout of the rainforest exhibition.B.The balance between animals and plants.C.The clever design of lighting.D.Preservation of the rainfor
47、est exhibition as an artifact.(5).What does the last sentence of the passage most probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.The rainforest in the Central African Republic will be preserved forever.B.The well-designed exhibit will be preserved as an artifact.C.The exhibit reflects the hope that natural rainforests wi
48、ll be well preserved.D.The exhibit of the rainforest in the museum is the sole one in the world.B第二篇/BBIQ-gene/BIn the angry debate over how much of IQ comes from the genes that children inherit from parents and how much comes from experiences, one little fact gets overlooked: no one has identified any genes (other than those that cause retardation) that affect intelligence. So researchers led by Robert Plomin of Londons Institute of Psychiatry decided to look for some. They figured that if you want to find a “smart gene“ you should look in smart kids. They therefore exa
