1、职称英语理工类 A级-12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.His novel depicts an ambitious American.（分数：1.00）A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates2.He has a passionate interest in music.（分数：1.00）A.enthusiasticB.perfectC.practicalD.funny3.He emphasized a feasible plan which can be a
2、ccepted by the both sides.（分数：1.00）A.favorableB.possibleC.formalD.genuine4.The town is Unotable/U for its beautiful scenery in winter.（分数：1.00）A.similarB.promptC.profoundD.famous5.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.（分数：1.00）A.rejectedB.investigatedC.proposedD.postponed6.Th
3、e local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.（分数：1.00）A.motivateB.combineC.compactD.nominate7.He decided to overcome his shortcomings.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.convictC.conquerD.convey8.The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.（分数：1.00）A.supplied
4、B.gatheredC.graspedD.made9.He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines.（分数：1.00）A.superviseB.watchC.suspectD.predict10.Soldiers have to obey orders.（分数：1.00）A.reply toB.apply forC.abide withD.abide by11.She wore a gorgeous Victorian gown which was said to be worth thousands of dol
5、lars.（分数：1.00）A.beautyB.splendidC.expensiveD.simple12.We derive knowledge mainly from books.（分数：1.00）A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.trace13.When does the next train depart?（分数：1.00）A.pull upB.pull downC.pull outD.pull in14.The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.（分数：1.00）A.d
6、ifficultB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy15.He has a very outgoing personality and makes friends very easily.（分数：1.00）A.capacityB.characterC.realityD.attitude二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A项；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B项：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择 C项。BPlants and Manki
7、nd/BBotany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely
8、 ancient. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. T
9、o them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge“ at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants. And the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on
10、an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season
11、, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little
12、here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.botany植物学marvel令人惊奇的事(人)，奇迹（分数：7.00）(1).It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their proper
13、ties must be extremely ancient.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).People cant survive without plants.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not
14、 mentioned(4).Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. WrongC.C. Not mentioned(5).Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).People living in the Mid
15、dle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅
16、读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。BMuseums in the Modern World/BMuseums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used i
17、n descriptions of museums now.At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modem Museum
18、 in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing.More and more, museums directors are realiz
19、ing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience o
20、f operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and papermaking. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science
21、will not use it to the best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and childrens departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one should visit, they are places to enjoy.One cause of all these changes
22、is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates, they are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and loo
23、k at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the worldaround them. The young people in these groups, l
24、ike young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about places and other times.The effect of all this has been to change existing museums
25、 and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according
26、to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem, admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or
27、raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.（分数：8.00）(1).paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).paragraph 5 _.（分数：
28、1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).To meet the needs of society, more museums _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Two major problems for museums are that t
29、hey have too many visitors and they _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。B第一篇/B(2002年理工 A级阅读理解考题)BSpace-Age Archeology/BIts a strange partnership, but a very effective one: Satellites and space-shuttle-carried radar are helping archeologists. How? By “seei
30、ng“ through sand or through treetops to locate important archeological sites.The traditional tools for archeologists are shovels and picks. But high technology is making the archeologists work and time far more productive.Take for example, the second 1981 flight of the Space Shuttle Challenger. Duri
31、ng the mission, a powerful, experimental radar was pointed at a lifeless stretch of desert in Egypt called the Selima Sand Sheet(part of the Sahara Desert). To everyones surprise, the radar penetrated through the sand to the harder rock beneath. On the surface, there is a little indication that Afri
32、cas Sahara Desert was never anything but a desert. When the archeologists studied the radar images, they saw what seemed to be impossible: there was sand-buried landscape that was shaped by flowing water; traces of ancient riverbeds appeared to be over nine miles wide, far wider than most sections o
33、f the present-day Nile River. Today, the area is one of the hottest, driest desert in the world.Archeologists dug pits along the old river banks and found clues to the past: stream-rounded pebbles (鹅卵石), Stone-Age axes, broken ostrich (鸵鸟) eggshells, and the shells of land snails. The archeologists
34、were quite pleased with these findings. For years, theyd been finding stone axes scattered through the desert, and couldnt understand why. Now we know that early humans were living on the banks of old rivers, and left their beautiful tools behind. Some are so sharp that you could shave with them.Mor
35、e recently, Landsat 4, a special earth-mapping satellite, aided in the discovery of ancient Mayan ruins in Mexico. Lansat can, with the help of false-color imagery, “see through“ much of the area. Armed with these maps, a five-person expedition took to the air in a helicopter.By the end of the secon
36、d day, the team found a stretch of walled fields that expedition members said look like “old New England fences“. They just go on, non-stop, for 40 miles. Later in the week, an ancient village was pinpointed, as was the “lost“ city of Oxpemul, once found in the early 1930s but quickly reclaimed by t
37、he jungle. The findings made them able to map the extent of the Mayan civilization in about five days. Working on foot, it would have taken at least 100 years.（分数：15.00）(1).With the help of the space-shuttle carried radar, archeologists found _.（分数：3.00）A.a new stretch of the Sahara desertB.traces o
38、f ancient riverbeds under the Sahara DesertC.some traditional archeological tools in the Sahara DesertD.a mountain beneath the Sahara Desert(2).Which of the following is true of the sand-buried landscape?（分数：3.00）A.It was an old avenue.B.It was an underground river.C.It was shaped by flowing river.D
39、.It was shaped by the old Nile River.(3).The stream-rounded pebbled and Stone-Age axes which were found along the ancient river banks show that _.（分数：3.00）A.an early human civilization once existed along the old river banksB.ancient people didnt know how to make weaponsC.most species of animals in S
40、ahara have disappearedD.early humans were good at fighting with sharp weapons(4).“They“ in the second line of the last paragraph refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.old New England fencesB.the stretch of walled fieldsC.the expedition membersD.ancient villages(5).Which of the following best summarizes the main in
41、formation of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.High-tech helps locate many fascinating archeological sites.B.Without high-tech, the archeologists work would come to a stop.C.High-tech has taken the place of shovels and picks.D.High-tech makes the archeologists work more fruitful.B第二篇/BScientists watched closel
42、y last spring as a haze of pollution, which had been tracked by satellite as it crossed the Pacific Ocean, settled over a large swath of North America from Calgary, Canada, into Arizona. Now it appears that, for the first time, researchers on both sides of the Pacific took detailed measurements of t
43、he same plume, a cloud that contained Gobi desert dust as well as hydrocarbons from industrial pollution.Heather Price, a University of Washington doctoral student in chemistry, found that the amount of light reflected by the particles in the air was more than 550 percent greater than normal for tha
44、t time of year. The mass of Asian air contained elevated levels of ail pollutants measured. Price said, “but the only thing that came close to being alarming was the level of particulate matter.“The haze that settled across the western part of the country was widely reported by the news media, and i
45、t was measured as far inland as the ski slopes of Aspen, Colo.Readings on the western side of the Pacific came from the Aerosol Characterization Experiments, a project aimed at understanding how particles in the atmosphere affect Earths climate. Additional measurements were taken in the same region
46、at the same time under a project sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.Knowing the pollution was approaching Washington state, Price loaded sensing equipment aboard a rented Beechcraft on April 14 and flew to Neah Bay on the states Northwest coast. Taking samples at various
47、levels from 15,000 feet to 20, 000 feet in altitude, she monitored quantities of dust, ozone, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. “From my copilots seat. the dust was thick enough to see with the naked eye.“ Price said.Now she is trying to correlate her findings with those of the two research teams op
48、erating on the other side of the Pacific, where at one point the pollution plume was larger than Japan. The huge size of the cloud showed up clearly in satellite images that gave Price plenty of warning the haze was on its way. “You can see these two blobs coming out of the deserts of Mongolia and g
49、rowing over Asia, then getting swept out over the ocean and finally setting over North America,“ she said. She intends to continue measuring air samples off the Washington coast and will be looking for air masses with evidence of pollution originating somewhere other than Asia. “Wed like to see if we can get a
