1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The manager Uallocate/U duties to the clerks. A.assign B.persuade C.ask D.order（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The once Ubarren/U hillsides are now good farmland. A.hairless B.bare C.empty D.bald（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.It is Upostula
2、ted/U that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000. A.challenged B.assumed C.deducted D.decreed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.We must Uabide by/U the rules. A.stick to B.persist in C.safeguard D.apply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.From my Ustandpoint/U, you know, this thing is just funny. A.position B.
3、point of view C.knowledge D.opinion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.If I made a mistake, I will try to Uremedy/U it. A.clarify B.diagnose C.evaporate D.correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We Uderive/U information mainly from the Internet. A.deprive B.obtain C.descend D.trace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His sole Umotive/U was to make
4、 her happy. A.aim B.argument C.capability D.pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He could not Utolerate/U the extremes of heat in the desert. A.bear B.hate C.like D.criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These factors interact Uintimately/U and cannot be separated. A.tensely B.nearly C.carefully D.closely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
5、D.11.Cement was Useldom/U used in building the Middle Ages. A.crudely B.rarely C.originally D.occasionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, Uparticularly/U some of their specialized branches. A.conventionally B.obviously C.especially D.inevitably（分数：1.00）A.B
6、.C.D.13.We were Uastonished/U to hear that their football team had won the champion. A.amazed B.amounted C.amused D.approached（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.There is an Uabundant/U supply of cheap labor in this country. A.a steady B.a plentiful C.an extra D.a stable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The most Ucrucial/U probl
7、em any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources. A.puzzling B.difficult C.terrifying D.urgent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)TV Games ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best sellers“ list with a
8、 sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.This is the principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a s
9、tar, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on sever
10、al shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the
11、 person who won the game, they turned the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title “Quiz Show“ is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as poss
12、ible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in fro
13、nt of an audience of millions.（分数：7.00）(1).TV can make a beggar world famous overnight. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
14、.(3).Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
15、ed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie “Quiz Show“. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
16、D.(7).Winners of present day TV game shows no longer get money from the shows. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Economy GrowingIn todays knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design
17、 electronics while Germans export engineering techniques. The French serve, the best food and Americans make computers.Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk and
18、 more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks i
19、t can.Although the countrys trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world class pharmaceutical industry? And it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trad
20、es services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, me country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock n roll is an English language medium, and there are bi
21、llions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UKs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according t
22、o a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in “innovation activities“, 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).In fact, it might be better to
23、 call Britain a “servant“ economythere are at least 4 million people “in service“. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been,
24、and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sectorin shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.AGrowth of EconomyB“Servant“ EconomyCStrength of the Creative EconomyDWeakness of the Creative EconomyEGift of talkingFExport of Talking Machines（分数：8.00）(1).Para
25、graph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Ato find jobs Bto do low skill jobs Cto feed its people Dto handle disputes Eto make a profit Fto worry about the British economy Every country has its own way _.（分数：1.00）填
26、空项 1:_(6).The British government doesnt seem _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The creative industries find it difficult _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Many graduates are employed _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Pool WatchSwimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards
27、fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents says that on average 15 people drown in British pools each year, hut many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called P
28、oseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguards pager. In trials at a pool in Ancenis, near Nantes, it saved a life within just a few m
29、onths, says Alistair McQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies.Poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overheard video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories. To do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and
30、 the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool. “The underwater environment is a very dynamic one, with many shadows and reflections dancing around.“ says McQuade.The software does this by “projecting“ a shape in its field of view onto an image of the far wail of the pool. It
31、does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. If the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. But if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory.To pick out potent
32、ial drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the softwares “pre-alert“ list, says McQuade. Swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. Poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer
33、, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures the pools floor texture when viewed from overhead. If so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmers location on a poolside screen.The first full-scale Poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. One
34、 man who is impressed with the idea is Travor Baylis, inventor of the clockwork radio. Baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools, and he was once an underwater escapologist with a circus. “I say full marks to them if this works and can save lives,“ he says. But he adds that any local author
35、ity spending 30,000-plus on a Poseidon system ought to be investing similar amounts in teaching children to swim.（分数：15.00）(1).AI means the same as _. A.an image. B.an idea. C.anyone in the water. D.artificial intelligence.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is required of AI software to save a life? A.It mus
36、t be able to swim. B.It must keep walking round the pool. C.It can distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow. D.It can save a life within a few months.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How does Poseidon save a life? A.He plunges into the pool. B.It alerts the lifeguard. C.He cries for help. D.It rushes to the p
37、ool.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements about Trevor Baylis is NOT true? A.He runs. B.He invented the clockwork radio. C.He was once an entertainer. D.He runs a company.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The word “considered“ in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by _. A.“thought“. B.“rated“. C
38、.“regarded“. D.“believed“.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist AttackIn the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable.
39、 Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists?Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to
40、 ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and searching for clues on how to do so in buildings that were dama
41、ged, but still are standing.“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,“ said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “ Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as
42、 to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of Buildings in the event of terrorist attacks.“ he added.Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate
43、 in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that us
44、ed to be part of that building“, explained A. Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.“The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing systems in one of the adjac
45、ent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance.“ he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads
46、in the event that a load-bearing column fails.“ We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse“ , said A. Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.“A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that “earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many
47、 buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer
48、these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.“（分数：15.00）(1).The question raised in the first paragraph is one _. A.that was asked by structural engineers a month ago. B.that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now. C.that was never thought of before the ter
