1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.This remarkable technology provides far greater clarity than conventional x-ray.（分数：1.00）A.accuracyB.precisionC.degreeD.correctness2.You can tell from the yellow streaks on the leaves that the plant has been infecte
2、d.（分数：1.00）A.signsB.marksC.layersD.spots3.You could condense all the worthwhile information in this book into a few pages.（分数：1.00）A.compressB.collectC.convertD.combine4.Every store along that street has sustained some damage in the fire.（分数：1.00）A.retainedB.maintainedC.sufferedD.obtained5.She was o
3、ne of the leading writers of her day.（分数：1.00）A.expectedB.naturalC.most importantD.least6.Does he possess the necessary patience to do the job well?（分数：1.00）A.haveB.developC.remainD.make7.Unless checked, rabbits can generate rapidly when conditions are in their favor.（分数：1.00）A.injuredB.controlledC.
4、markedD.examined8.The great changes astonished every visitor to that city.（分数：1.00）A.attackedB.surprisedC.attractedD.interested9.The doctor explained to the students the hazards of radiation upon human beings.（分数：1.00）A.dangersB.endeavoursC.bachelorsD.benefits10.The very north and south regions are
5、covered with ice and snow.（分数：1.00）A.areasB.rocksC.mountainsD.districts11.Argument among the speakers at the conference is bordering on violence.（分数：1.00）A.is close toB.is besideC.is next toD.is alongside12.If parents are not careful, children tend to neglect their homework.（分数：1.00）A.skipB.scanC.ab
6、andonD.overlook13.The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.（分数：1.00）A.supportedB.establishedC.discoveredD.emerged14.When he got out of the managers office, from his facial expression we knew that his proposal must have been turned down.（分数：1.00）A.refusedB.adoptedC.acceptedD.denied15.It is d
7、ifficult to list all of Johns attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.（分数：1.00）A.qualitiesB.interestsC.preferencesD.virtues二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B My Job Experience/BIn university I had a part-time job at a shop downtown that
8、sold doughnuts and coffee. Situated on a block where a dozen buses stopped, it catered to commuters (通勤者) who had a few minutes to wait for their bus.I poured coffee in takeaway cups and patiently waited for customers whod point through the glass case and say, “No, not that one, the one two rows ove
9、r.“Every afternoon around four oclock, a group of schoolchildren would burst into the shop, and business would come to a stop. Adults would glance in, see the crowd and pass on. I didnt mind if the children waited for their bus inside where it was warm and dry. I was not working on commission (抽佣金),
10、 and hey, sometimes a kid would have 25 cents to spend.I came to know the children pretty well. The older girls would tell me about their boyfriends; some of the younger ones would talk about school and show me the drawings theyd done in class. The boys were too reserved to share their secrets, but
11、still, theyd wait every day in the shop until their bus came.Sometimes Id hand out a bus fare when a ticket went missing-always repaid the next day.When it snowed, the kids and I would wait anxiously for a very late bus. Theyd call their parents to let them know that they were OK. At closing time Id
12、 lock the door, and the kids and I would wait in the warm shop until their bus finally arrived.I gave away freely a lot of doughnuts on snow days.I enjoyed my young friends, but it never occurred to me that I played an important role in their lives-until one Saturday afternoon when a serious-looking
13、 man entered the shop and asked if I was the girl who worked on weekdays around four oclock. I admitted it was true, and he identified himself as the father of two of my favourites -a brother-and-sister team.“I want you to know I appreciate what you do for my children. I worry about them having to t
14、ake two buses to get home. It means a lot that they can wait here and you are keeping an eye on them.“I was touched. I told him it wasnt a big deal, that I enjoyed the kids.“No, you dont understand. When theyre safe. It is a big deal. And Im grateful.“So I was the Doughnut Lady. I not only had recei
15、ved a title, I had become a landmark.Now I think about all the people who keep an eye on my own children when they venture out into the world. Many of them I never hear about, and some I learn about only by chance. It feels odd to learn of the life my kids have apart from me. In their comings and go
16、ings they developed relationships with adults, and those adults, and those adults become, well, Doughnut Ladies.（分数：7.00）(1).The author is kind to the children because she wanted to play an important role in the childrens lives.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The author makes a
17、lot of money.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The author and the schoolchildren talk about the privacy of the boys.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).When it snowed, the kids expected to go home soon.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).On one Sa
18、turday afternoon, a man entered the shop to express his gratitude.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).A serious-looking man appreciate the authors help by giving her a title.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).At the end of this passage, Doughnut Ladies refer to the
19、 landmark.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务；(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题，(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B Atmosphere/B1The atmosphere is a mixture of several gases. There are about ten chemical eleme
20、nts which remain permanently in gaseous form in the atmosphere under all natural conditions. Of these permanent gases, oxygen makes up about 21 percent and nitrogen about 78 percent. Several other gases, such as argon (氩), carbon dioxide, hydrogen, neon (氖), krypton (氪), and xenon (氙), comprise the
21、remaining one percent of the volume of dry air. The amount of water vapor, and its variations in amount and distribution is of extraordinary importance in weather changes. Atmospheric gases hold in suspension (悬浮) great quantities of dust, pollen (花粉), smoke, and other impurities which are always pr
22、esent in considerable, hut variable amounts.2The atmosphere has no definite upper limits but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible (感觉不到的). Until recently it was assumed that the air above the first few miles gradually grew thinner and colder at a constant rate. It was also assumed that upp
23、er air had little influence on weather changes. Recent studies of the upper atmosphere, currently being conducted by earth satellites and missile probings, have shown these assumptions to be incorrect. The atmosphere has three well-defined strata (layers).3The layer of the air next to the earth, whi
24、ch extends upward for about ten miles, is known as the tropophere (对流层). On the whole, it makes up about 75 per cent of all the weight of the atmosphere. It is the warmest part of the atmosphere because most of the solar radiation is absorbed by the earths surface which warms the air immediately sur
25、rounding it. A steady decrease of temperature with increasing elevation is a most striking characteristic. The upper layers are colder because of their greater distance from the earths surface and rapid radiation of heat into space. The temperatures within the troposphere decrease about 3.5 degrees
26、per 1,000 feet increase in altitude (海拔高度). Within the troposphere, winds and air currents distribute heat and moisture. Strong winds, called jet streams, are located at the upper levels of the troposphere. These jet streams are both complex and widespread in occurrence. They normally show a wavesha
27、ped pattern and move from west to east at velocities (速度) of 150 mph, but velocities as high as 400 mph have been noted. The influences of changing locations and strengths of jet streams upon weather conditions and patterns are no doubt considerable. Current intensive research may eventually rebel t
28、heir true significance.4Above the troposphere to a height of about 50 miles is a zone called the stratosphere (高温层). The stratosphere is separated from the troposphere by a zone of uniform temperatures called the tropopause (对流层顶). Within the lower portions of the stratosphere is a layer of ozone (臭
29、氧) gases which filters (过滤) out most of the ultraviolet rays from the sun. The ozone layer varies with air pressure. If this zone were not there, the full blast of the suns ultraviolet light would burn out skins, blind our eyes, and eventually result in our destruction. Within the stratosphere, the
30、temperature and atmospheric composition are relatively uniform.5The layer upward of about 50 miles is the most fascinating but the least known of the three strata. It is called the ionosphere (电离层) because it consists of electrically charged particles called ions, thrown from the sun. The northern l
31、ights (aurora borealis) originates within this highly charged portion of the atmosphere. Its effect upon weather conditions if any, is as yet, unknown.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A New finding about the upper atmosphere B Stratosphere C Ionosphere D The composition of the permanent gases in the atmos
32、phere. E The suspension of dust F Tropophere（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The major parts of permanent gases are _ A at constant rate B in a few years C an the weight of the atmosphere D within the troposphere E
33、 oxygen and nitrogen F it consists of electrically charged particles called irons which from sun（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).It has been proved that the upper atmosphere above certain distance continually grew thinner and colder _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The layer of air makes up about 75 percent of _（分数：1.00）填空项
34、 1:_(8).Ionosphere was named because _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB How to Read/BA few years ago I was shopping with a friend and his 12 year-old daughter in downtown San Francisco. A street musician,
35、 whom my friend happened to know from his own musician days, was playing the saxophone(萨克斯管)on a street corner. His name was Clifford, and he had attracted a large crowd with his performance. After he finished, my friend introduced him to me and his daughter. Clifford asked her if she played any ins
36、trument. When she replied that she was taking trumpet(小号)lessons and played in her junior high school band, he said, “Thats fine, little lady. Learn your instrument well and you can play anything.“Somehow these simple yet wise words struck me as appropriate not only for a trumpet player but also for
37、 a reader. If you learn to read well, you can read anything you want-not just newspapers and magazines, but more difficult material like philosophy, film criticism, military history-whatever interests you as your confidence grows. You would not be limited in any way. If you have the vocabulary or at
38、 least a good dictionary near at hand-you can pick up a book, concentrate in it, and make sense of the authors words.In the United States, reading instruction often ends at elementary school, so students sometimes have difficulty as they progress through school. They must take their assignments arme
39、d only with their elementary school reading skills. The result, too often, is frustration and loss of confidence. And the assigned reading in your college courses will be even greater than they were in high school. Developing Reading Skills is designed to accomplish several tasks: to show you the sk
40、ills that will enable you to read with greater comprehension, to help you cope with reading assignments With confidence, and to teach you to become an active reader.（分数：15.00）(1).The author develops his point by starting with _（分数：3.00）A.an exampleB.an incidentC.a statementD.a contrast(2).which of t
41、he following statements is implied in Paragraph 1?（分数：3.00）A.Clifford was good at playing the saxophone.B.The authors friend was once a street musician.C.The 12-year-old girl played the trumpet very poorly.D.Clifford was a good music teacher.(3).“Struck.as appropriate“ in Line 1, Paragraph 2 most pr
42、obably means _（分数：3.00）A.seemed to be appropriateB.proved to be appropriateC.happened to be appropriateD.found to be appropriate(4).With good reading skills, you can _（分数：3.00）A.understand anything you read without difficultyB.work out the authors meaning if only you concentrate on the bookC.underst
43、and what you read with the help of a good dictionaryD.concentrate on whatever you read(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Developing Reading Skills _（分数：3.00）A.is directed to elementary school studentsB.centers around vocabulary building skillsC.offers elementary reading skillsD.aims
44、 at helping students read betterB第二篇/BB Attitude Towards New Technology/BTelecommunications is just one of the means by which people communicate and, such as, we need to look at telecommunications and any other communications technologies within the wider context of human communication activity.Earl
45、y findings show that many people are uneasy and even fearful of information technology. They seldom use it or simply avoid it.To obtain this type of data we have spent time with individuals, watching how they communicate, where they get confused, what they dont understand, and the many mistakes they
46、 make. You can do this type of research yourself in an informal way. Just watch someone at the desk next to you trying to use a phone or trying to fill in a form. What you will quickly notice about people on the phone is that they use very few of the buttons available on the keypad(键区) ,and they get
47、 quite anxious if they have to use any buttons outside their normal ones. Most will not use the instruction book, and those that do will not necessarily have a rewarding experience. Watch someone fill out a form, such as an application form or a tax form, and you will see a similar pattern of distre
48、ssed behaviour.The simple fact we can all observe from how people use these ordinary instruments of everyday communication is how messy, uncertain and confusing the experience can be. From getting up in the morning until you go to bed at night, you can always encounter people getting confused over the use of new technology. Even watching television, which for many provides an antidote(解药) to the daily confusion, is itself filled with a kind of low level confusion. For example, if you ring people up five minutes after the evening news has finished and ask them what the news w
