1、职称英语(综合类)7 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.At the conference, the speaker tried to (express) his feelings concerning the urgency of favorable decisions.（分数：-1.00）A.conveyB.affectC.impose onD.summon2.The sound of the drums was (distinct) even from a distance.（分数：-1.00）A.definiteB.edibleC.clearD.sharp3.
2、I (reserve) the right to disagree.（分数：-1.00）A.deserveB.keepC.perceiveD.notice4.Security officials say that computer crime is easy to accomplish and hard to (detect).（分数：-1.00）A.explainB.uncoverC.discoverD.ignore5.My nephew said that Dickens was his (best loved) writer and that he had read nearly all
3、 of his novels.（分数：-1.00）A.famousB.popularC.favorableD.favorite6.It is necessary to make a(n) (abstract) while writing a report.（分数：-1.00）A.summaryB.analysisC.discussionD.index7.Large areas of Alaskan land remain (desolate) due to harsh climate.（分数：-1.00）A.barrenB.immatureC.inaccessibleD.passionate8
4、.I dont see how Jack (put up with) his wife.（分数：-1.00）A.tolerateB.acceptC.leaveD.receive9.O. J. Simpson, who ranks as one of the best runners in American football history was known for his (speed) and agility.（分数：-1.00）A.swiftnessB.sizeC.stadiumD.strength10.Our public transportation is not (sufficie
5、nt) for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：-1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequate11.The boss put great (stress) on the workers so that they could work harder.（分数：-1.00）A.angerB.controlC.pressureD.nerve12.The sisters cant (tolerate) each other.（分数：-1.00）A.bearB.hateC.likeD.cri
6、ticize13.He (comprehends) the theory of relativity.（分数：-1.00）A.learnsB.teachesC.understandsD.investigates .14.The price is (somewhat) higher than I expected.（分数：-1.00）A.to some degreeB.at some timeC.in some casesD.for some reason15.His novel was adapted for the stage in 1949 as a musical play (entit
7、led) as St. Louis woman.（分数：-1.00）A.chosen forB.includedC.starredD.namedInterferon For several years, scientists have been testing a substance called interferon (干扰素),a potential wonder drug that is proving to be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including virus infections, bacteria infec
8、tions, and tumors. To date, the new drug has provoked no negative reaction of sufficient significance to discourage its use. But in spite of its success, last year only one gram was produced in the entire world. The reason for the scarcity lies in the structure of interferon. A species specific prot
9、ein, the interferon produced from one animal species cannot be used in treating another animal species. In other words, to treat human beings, only interferon produced by human beings may be used. The drug is produced by infecting white blood cells with a virus. Fortunately, it is so potent that the
10、 amount given each patient per injection is very small. Unlike antibiotics(抗菌素), interferon does not attack germs directly. Instead, it makes unaffected cells resistant to infection, and prevents the multiplication of viruses within cells. As you might conclude, one of the most dramatic uses of inte
11、rferon has been in the treatment of cancer. Dr. Hans Strander, research physician at Swedens famous Karolinska Institute, has treated more than one hundred cancer patients with the new drug. Among a group of selected patients who had undergone surgical procedures for advanced cancer, half were given
12、 conventional treatments and the other half were given interferon. The survival rate over a three-year period was 70 percent among those who were treated with interferon as compared with only 10 to 30 percent among those who had received the conventional treatments. In the United States, a large-sca
13、le project supported by the American Cancer Society is now underway. If the experiment is successful, interferon could become one of the greatest medical discoveries of our time. （分数：-0.98）(1).Antibiotics kill germs by attacking them directly, while interferon does not.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
14、Mentioned(2).The effect interferon has on infection is that it keeps healthy cells from becoming infected.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).Interferon is produced by infecting viruses, bacteria, and tumors with a drug.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).Interferon has not been widely
15、 used because it is still very dangerous.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The result of Dr. Stranders experiments with interferon is that 70 percent among patients who were treated with interferon survived.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).21 Interferon causes healthy cells to gro
16、w.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Interferon has serious side effects, whereas antibiotics do not.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedAnatomy 1. The term anatomy comes from Greek anatomy, “dissection“. It is a branch of natural science dealing with the structural organization of living
17、 things. The proper understanding of structure, however, implies a knowledge of function in the living organism. Anatomy is therefore almost inseparable from physiology, which is sometimes called functional anatomy. 2. It is convenient to subdivide the study of anatomy in several different ways. One
18、 classification is based on the type of organisms studied, the major subdivisions being plant anatomy and animal anatomy. Animal anatomy is further subdivided into human anatomy and comparative anatomy, which seeks out similarities and differences among animal types. Anatomy can also be subdivided i
19、nto biological processes, for example, developmental anatomy, the study of embryos, and pathological anatomy, the study of diseased organs. 3. The oldest known systematic study of anatomy is contained in an Egyptian papyrus dating from about 1600 BC. In the 4th century BC Aristode increased anatomic
20、al knowledge of animals. The first real progress in the science of human anatomy was made in the following century by the Greek physicians Herophilus and Erasistratus, who dissected human cadavers (尸体) and were the first to distinguish many functions , including those of the nervous and muscular sys
21、tems. 4. Modern anatomy began with the publication in 1543 of the work of the Belgian anatomist Andreas Vesalius. Before the publication of this classical work anatomists had been so bound by tradition that the writings of authorities of more than 1000 years earlier, were accepted in lieu of actual
22、observation. Vesalius and other Renaissance anatomists, however, based their descriptions on their own observations of human corpses, thus setting the pattern for subsequent study in anatomy. 5. The 17th-century invention of the compound microscope led to the development of microscopic anatomy. Unde
23、r the leadership of the Italian anatomist Marcello Malpighi, the study of the microscopic structure of animals and plants flourished during the 17th century. Microscopic anatomy developed rapidly in the 19th century. Knowledge of microscopic anatomy was greatly expanded during the 20th century as a
24、result of the development of microscopes. A. The Beginning of research B. The subdivision of Anatomy C. The Beginning of Mordern Anatomy D. Anatomy in Ancient Times E. A Brief History of Microscopich Anatomy F. The definition of Anatomy （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 3（
25、分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that before 1600 BC_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).It means that microscopic anatomy is bring up by_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).The classification of anatomy is based on_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8
26、).With the development of science and technology, you may conclude_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.The Gene Industry Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocess
27、or that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metalhungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms. Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that ther
28、e is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, how
29、ever, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination. Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the
30、food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior“ people and breed a “ super-race“? ( Hitler tried this, bu
31、t without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories. ) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “ savings bank“ full of spare ki
32、dney, livers or hands? Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “ Broad Scale g
33、enetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will b
34、e created.“ （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked by_.（分数：-0.20）A.using metal-hungry microbes .B.making use of enzymes.C.adjusting the engine.D.patenting new life forms.(2).According to the passage, which of the following would worry the crit
35、ics the most?（分数：-0.20）A.The unanticipated explosion of populationB.The creation of biological solar cells.C.The accidental spill of oil.D.The unexpected release of destructive microbes.(3).Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.Developing a “ savings bank “ of ones organs.B.Bre
36、eding soldiers for a war.C.Producing people with cow-like stomachs.D.Using genetic forecasting to cure diseases.(4).According to the passage, Hitler attempted to_.（分数：-0.20）A.changed the pilots biologically to win the war.B.develop genetic farming for food supply.C.kill the people he thought of as i
37、nferior.D.encourage the development of genetic weapons for the war.(5).What dose Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howards statement imply?（分数：-0.20）A.The commercial applications of genetic engineering are inevitable.B.American will depend on other countries for biological progress.C.Americans are proud of thei
38、r countries for biological progress.D.The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controlled.Cancer The popular TV variety-show host was grim but calm. He faced the cameras and said bluntly: “I have cancer.“ Masataka Itsumis disclosure may be the latest sign that the shame associ
39、ated with cancer is finally breaking down in a country where, unlike the United Sates, the topic has traditionally been taboo. Cancer is the countrys No.1 killer, chaining more than 230,000 lives a year. Despite the number of people affected, the subject has long been concealed in secrecy and silenc
40、e. As a rule, Japanese are reluctant to tell anyone other than family if they have cancer. And doctors often lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, fearing they would be depressed and weakened by the truth. Polls indicate that most people would prefer to be told if they have cancer. But health au
41、thorities have estimated as few as one in five cancer patients is given a truthful diagnosis. “The patient is very afraid to hear of having cancer, so many doctors just dont tell,“ said one doctor. “ But if we dont tell the truth, its bad for the relationship between doctor and patient. So I think t
42、his is beginning to change“. He said he believed the intense public interest in the Itsumi case reflected pent-up curiosity and concern about the subject. There are other signs of greater openness in confronting cancer. Support groups for cancer victims, once unknown, have sprung up. The plot of a r
43、ecent film revolved around a man with cancer. An unusually powerful television advertisement, appealing for bone-marrow donations, features a young woman who has since died of leukemia. But secrecy about cancer is still common. In Japan, serious illness is considered embarrassing. People worry about
44、 causing suffering and expense for their families, or discomforting their colleagues. Itsumi, in fact, began his news conference by apologizing. Other factors contribute to the taboo on talk about cancer. There is a cultural tendency toward restraint on discussing personal matters and stoicism in fa
45、cing problems. Even if patients sense something is very wrong despite a good diagnosis, most do not press their doctors or seek a second opinion. Doctors are granted deep respect in a society that discourages questioning authority. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage implies that_.（分数：-0.20）A.in the United St
46、ates, people openly talk about cancerB.in the Unites States, cancer is a forbidden topicC.cancer is not as wide spread in the U. S. as in JapanD.cancer is the No. 1 killer in the U. S.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：-0.20）A.secrecy about cancer will continue to be commonB.the patie
47、nt with cancer and his or her family will be grateful to the doctor who does not tell the truthC.the true condition of the patient with cancer tends to be revealedD.doctors are so respected that what they say will increasingly be believed(3).Masataka Itsumi began his news conference by apologizing,
48、because_.（分数：-0.20）A.it is his own fault that he has cancerB.his announcement might cause discomfort to his audienceC.having cancer is wrongD.its his familys fault that he has cancer(4).When doctors lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, they believe that_.（分数：-0.20）A.patients have a right to kno
49、w the truthB.patients can take care of themselvesC.they are stronger than the patientsD.they need to protect the patients from the unkind truth(5).Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese?（分数：-0.20）A.They are free to discuss personal matters.B.They seldom question authority.C.They prefer to be told if they have cancer.D.They consider serious illness embarrassing.On the Train The night train from Glasgow was so crowded that Donald, who was on his way to London to find a temporary job for the university vac
