1、职称英语(综合类)6 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Capital punishment was (abolished) some years ago in some states of the U. S.（分数：-1.00）A.createdB.decoratedC.improvedD.eliminated2.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.（分数：-1.00）A.firstB.latestC.oldD.speci
2、al3.My little daughter kept pulling my hair and I was really (annoyed).（分数：-1.00）A.angryB.hurtC.troubledD.stimulating4.The New Year is coming. We decided to give our room a (thorough) clean.（分数：-1.00）A.carefulB.completeC.realD.serious5.She (longed) to be envied and sought after.（分数：-1.00）A.hopedB.wa
3、ntedC.was eagerD.wished6.The doctors have (abandoned) the hope to rescue the old man.（分数：-1.00）A.leftB.given upC.turned downD.refused7.Peter was an (energetic) and athletic youth.（分数：-1.00）A.alertB.awkwardC.activeD.skillful8.Glassmaking was the first (major) industry in the United States.（分数：-1.00）A
4、.productiveB.profitableC.specializedD.sizable9.We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).（分数：-1.00）A.healthyB.unmistakableC.reliableD.unquestionable10.Though friends for many years, the two lawyers (ended up) as enemies.（分数：-1.00）A.turned outB.gave inC.got ri
5、d ofD.put an end at11.The mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.（分数：-1.00）A.held downB.held inC.held offD.held on12.I (reserve) the right to disagree.（分数：-1.00）A.deserveB.keepC.perceiveD.notice13.I think this is a (deliberate) insult.（分数：-1.00）A.carelessB.intentionalC.humiliatingD.serio
6、us14.The machine must be operated (by hand). It isnt automatic.（分数：-1.00）A.mentallyB.annuallyC.manuallyD.heavily15.Your reasons for refusing to help are quite (vague).（分数：-1.00）A.obviousB.typicalC.unclearD.unreasonableInterview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and b
7、roadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the
8、 conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings togethe
9、r evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general tex
10、ts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature
11、about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at
12、least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in g
13、etting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the jo
14、urnalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates. （分数：-0.98）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is that i
15、mportance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).Much research has been done on interviews in general, so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).We
16、sterners are familiar with the journalistic interview, but most of them may not have been interviewed in person.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).The patient is the interviewee in a clinical interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The passage is most like a part of a journalist
17、ic interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).We should pay attention to the interview in a clinical interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).The television interviews doesnt require thoughtful analyses.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedCancer 1. Cancer, which may arise fr
18、om any type of cell and in any body tissue, is not a single disease but a large number of diseases classified according to the tissue and type of cell of origin. Several hundred such classes exist, constituting three major subtypes; sarcomas, carcinomas, leukemias and lymphomas. 2. A number of facto
19、rs produce cancer in a proportion of exposed individuals. Among these factors are heredity, viruses, ionizing(离子)radiation, chemicals, and alterations in the immune system. For a long time these various factors seemed to work in different ways, but now researchers are studying how they might interac
20、t. 3. More than 1,350,000 new cases of cancer occur in the United States each year. It is the second leading cause of death in the nation, accounting for about 550,000 deaths annually. The incidence of cancer varies enormously among different geographic areas. The age-adjusted death rate from all ca
21、ncers in males is 310. 9 per 100,000 in Luxembourg (the highest) as Compared to 37. 5 in El Salvador (the lowest). For women it is 175.2 in Denmark and 48.7 in El Salvador. The figures for the United States are 216. 6 per 100,000 men and 136.5 per 100,000 women. 4. The principal approach to curing c
22、ancer is to remove all of the malignant (恶性的) cells by a surgical operation. In the past this meant the removal of all of the involved tissue and as much tumors, notably cancer of the breast, this is not always necessary. However, it may help to relieve symptoms. 5. The most important preventive mea
23、sure in controlling cancer is stopping tobacco use, which is the cause of 30 percent of all deaths from cancer. A large reduction might follow better diet: optimal (适当的)calorie intake to avoid obesity (肥胖), reduction of calories form fat to 20 percent of the diet, reduction of redmeat intake, and in
24、creased intake of dietary fiber and protective foods. A. Causes of cancer B. Types of cancer C. Control cancer D. The attitude faced to cancer E. Mortality Rate from cancer F. Treating cancer by surgery （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：
25、-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).Death caused by cancer is_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).The efficient method to cure cancer is_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).This passage 5 mainly discussed_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).After reading this passage, we should_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Stress Level Tied to Educa
26、tion Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From
27、this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days
28、about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less
29、 healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health.“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors, and the effect of daily stres
30、sors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.“ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor“
31、Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life. “ stressful adj. 紧张的；压力重的 diploma n. 毕业文凭，毕业证书 stressor n. 紧张刺激物 devastating adj. 毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访 （分数：-1.00）(1).Stress level is closely related to_.（分数：-0.20）A.family size.B.social status.C.body weight.D.work experience.(2).The 1031 adults were inter
32、viewed_.（分数：-0.20）A.on a daily basis for 8 days.B.during one of eight days.C.all by Grzywacz.D.in groups.(3).Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?（分数：-0.20）A.People without any education.B.People without high school degrees.C.People with high school degrees.D.People with college
33、 degrees.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater_.（分数：-0.20）A.the impact of stress on their health is.B.the effect of education on their health isC.the level of their education is.D.the degree of their health concern is.(5).Lesseducated people report fewer days of stress possibly because_.（分
34、数：-0.20）A.they dont want to tell the truth.B.they dont want to face the truth.C.stress is too common a factor in their life.D.their stress is more acute.The Grand Canyon Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷), gazing across this giant wound in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that th
35、e canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsion(震动). In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being sudden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1,000 more feet
36、 of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered formations of rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateau s flat surface in the Gra
37、nd Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions upwarding (弯曲上升) ; it was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run mo
38、re swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers , located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colo
39、rado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive
40、force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. The Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates f
41、eeder streams that carreside canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and the pattern of erosion continues. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage mainly discusses_.（分数：-0.20）A.patterns of erosion in different mountain rangesB.forces that made the Grand CanyonC.the in
42、creasing pollution of the Colorado RiverD.the sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon(2).The word “wound“ (Line 1 ,Para. 1 ) indicates that_.（分数：-0.20）A.it was caused by some ancient convulsionB.its presence is an embarrassment to the state of ColoradoC.it looks like an injury on the Earths surfaceD.i
43、t has caused many visitors to injure themselves(3).According to the passage, how many miles long was the trench that became known as the Grand Canyon?（分数：-0.20）A.10,100.B.277.C.14.D.10.(4).It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_.（分数：-0.20）A.its shapes are constantly changi
44、ngB.it contains approximately 14 million tons of rockC.its eruptions have increased in recent yearsD.it is being eroded by toxic waste and pollutants(5).The passage would most likely be found in a textbook on which of the following subjects?（分数：-0.20）A.AstronomyB.Botany(植物学)C.GeologyD.ChemistryEutha
45、nasia: a Heatedly Debated Topic “We mustnt delay any longer.?swallowing(吞咽) is difficult.and breathing, thats also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too.we mustnt delay any longer.“ These were the words of Dutchman(荷兰人) Cees van wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a
46、 serious disease, van Vendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. Van Venders last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last
47、 year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia (安乐死) , although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry
48、 out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament(议会) two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In add
49、ition to this, a second doctor must confirm(证实) that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department. Should doctors be allowed to take the live of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees van Vendels doctor, explains how he looks at the question: “Well, its not as if I in planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But thats entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensur
