1、职称英语(综合类)10 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Glassmaking was the first (major) industry in the United States.（分数：-1.00）A.productiveB.profitableC.specializedD.sizable2.Navajo Indians create sand paintings by arranging grains of sand, ground-up minerals, and seeds of various colors into (designs).（分数：-1.
2、00）A.mapsB.ritualsC.patternsD.rows3.Eating too much fat can (lead to) heart disease and cause high blood pressure.（分数：-1.00）A.attribute toB.attend toC.contribute toD.devote to4.Icy roads and poor visibility are familiar (hazards) in the Midwest.（分数：-1.00）A.chargesB.conditionsC.weatherD.dangers5.You
3、will find that the community has (experienced) great changes since you came here last.（分数：-1.00）A.undergoneB.experimentedC.submittedD.sustained6.He often (finds fault with) my work.（分数：-1.00）A.criticizesB.praisesC.evaluatesD.talks about7.The New Year is coming. We decided to give our room a (thoroug
4、h) clean.（分数：-1.00）A.carefulB.completeC.realD.serious8.He has (thought out) the best way of saving oil for your car.（分数：-1.00）A.consideredB.decidedC.devotedD.devised9.At the conference, the speaker tried to (express) his feelings concerning the urgency of favorable decisions.（分数：-1.00）A.conveyB.affe
5、ctC.impose onD.summon10.A student sticking closely to the (disciplines) of the school is often praised by the master and teachers.（分数：-1.00）A.interestsB.ordersC.regulationsD.principals11.His success in work has (tempted) many to try this new method.（分数：-1.00）A.attractedB.calledC.impliedD.inspired12.
6、His pronunciation is (simply) terrible.（分数：-1.00）A.merelyB.onlyC.completelyD.partly13.It is his (assumption) of a false theory that made him pay a high price.（分数：-1.00）A.fearB.beliefC.disappointmentD.dream14.A visit to the Computer Center has (aroused) the students interest in computer science.（分数：-
7、1.00）A.alarmedB.disturbedC.stimulatedD.increased15.He (claimed proudly) that he was the best swimmer in his school.（分数：-1.00）A.braggedB.allegedC.exclaimedD.praisedInterferon For several years, scientists have been testing a substance called interferon (干扰素),a potential wonder drug that is proving to
8、 be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including virus infections, bacteria infections, and tumors. To date, the new drug has provoked no negative reaction of sufficient significance to discourage its use. But in spite of its success, last year only one gram was produced in the entire worl
9、d. The reason for the scarcity lies in the structure of interferon. A species specific protein, the interferon produced from one animal species cannot be used in treating another animal species. In other words, to treat human beings, only interferon produced by human beings may be used. The drug is
10、produced by infecting white blood cells with a virus. Fortunately, it is so potent that the amount given each patient per injection is very small. Unlike antibiotics(抗菌素), interferon does not attack germs directly. Instead, it makes unaffected cells resistant to infection, and prevents the multiplic
11、ation of viruses within cells. As you might conclude, one of the most dramatic uses of interferon has been in the treatment of cancer. Dr. Hans Strander, research physician at Swedens famous Karolinska Institute, has treated more than one hundred cancer patients with the new drug. Among a group of s
12、elected patients who had undergone surgical procedures for advanced cancer, half were given conventional treatments and the other half were given interferon. The survival rate over a three-year period was 70 percent among those who were treated with interferon as compared with only 10 to 30 percent
13、among those who had received the conventional treatments. In the United States, a large-scale project supported by the American Cancer Society is now underway. If the experiment is successful, interferon could become one of the greatest medical discoveries of our time. （分数：-0.98）(1).Antibiotics kill
14、 germs by attacking them directly, while interferon does not.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).The effect interferon has on infection is that it keeps healthy cells from becoming infected.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).Interferon is produced by infecting viruses, bacteria, and t
15、umors with a drug.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).Interferon has not been widely used because it is still very dangerous.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The result of Dr. Stranders experiments with interferon is that 70 percent among patients who were treated with interferon su
16、rvived.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).21 Interferon causes healthy cells to grow.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Interferon has serious side effects, whereas antibiotics do not.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedMedicine 1. Medicine is the science and art of healing. It is
17、 a science because it is based on knowledge gained through careful study and experimentation. It is an art because it depends on how skillfully doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge when dealing with patients. 2. The goals of medicine are to save lives, to relieve suffering, and to
18、maintain the dignity of ill individuals. For this reason, medicine has long been one of the most respected professions. Thousands of men and women who work in the medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick. When disaster strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured. When
19、 epidemics threaten, doctors and nurses work to prevent the spread of disease. Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of fighting disease. 3. Human beings have suffered from illnesses since they first appeared on the earth. Throughout most of this time, they knew li
20、ttle about how the human body works or what causes disease. Treatment was based largely on superstition and guesswork. 4. However, medicine has made tremendous progress in the last several hundred years. Today, it is possible to cure, control, or prevent hundreds of diseases. People live longer than
21、 they did in the past as a result of new drugs, machines, and surgical operations. Medical progress in the control of infectious diseases, improvements in health care programs for mothers and children, and better nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions have given people a longer life expectancy
22、. 5. As medicine has become more scientific, it has also become more complicated. In the past, doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly. Patients received treatment at home for most kinds of illnesses. Today , doctors no longer work by themselves. Instead. They head medical teams made up of
23、 nurses, laboratory workers, and many other skilled professionals. The care provided by such teams cannot generally be started at home. As a result, clinics and hospitals have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries. A. In ancient tribes, treatment was executed by witch doctors a
24、nd based largely on superstition. B. Today, extensive knowledge and sophisticated medical techniques make possible the cure, control, and prevention of hundreds of disease C. The goals of medicine involve life rescuing, pain reducing, and dignity maintaining D. Control of infectious diseases is give
25、n as a reason for a longer a life E. School infirmaries appear as a result of increasing complicated medical work F. Medical care is now provided for patients in hospitals by a medical team consisting of doctors, nurses, and laboratory workers （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph
26、 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).Doctors are skillful in dealing with patients just as_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Doctors apply the knowledge gained through_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).Medical progress, improved health care, and better living condi
27、tions have ensured_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).With the development of the medicine, clinics and hospitals have become _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.Memory Class Stan Field knows what age can do to a persons memory, and hes not taking any chances with his. He chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of exercis
28、e. He also avoids stress, coca cola and cigarette smoke. Whats more, at breakfast each morning, the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain power. Michelle Amove is less than half Fields age, but no less concerned about her memory. While working r
29、ound the clock to finish a degree in film studies, the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything. “I couldnt even remember names,“ she says. “I thought, Oh, no, Im over 30. Its all downhill from here. “ Besides loading up on supplements, Amove signed u
30、p for a memory enhancing course at New Yorks Mount Siani Medical Center. And when she got there, she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was. For millions of Americans, and especially for baby boomers (生育高峰出生的人) , the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sens
31、e of declining physical power. “When boomers were in their 30s and 40s, they launched the fitness boom,“ says Cynthia Green, the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinais memory class. “Now we have the mental-fitness boom Memory is the boomers new life-crisis issue.“ And of course a major marketing oppo
32、rtunity. The demand for books and seminars has never been greater, says Jack Lannom, a longtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show, “ Mind Unlimited,“ goes out to 33 million homes on the Christian Network. Anxious consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying
33、 to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster. But before you get out your checkbook, a few questions are in order. Does everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is “megamemory“ (超级记忆) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory, would you real
34、ly want it? Until recently, no one could address those issues with much authority, but our knowledge of memory is exploding. New techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact to preserve meaningful experiences. Biologists are trying to understand the underlying (潜在的) chemical pr
35、ocesses and neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) are discovering how age, stress and other factors can disrupt them. No one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall, but as youll see, that may be just as well. （分数：-1.00）(1).What does Stan Field take at breakfast?（分数：-0.20）A.Food only.B.Nothing.C.Food a
36、nd pills.D.A plateful of pills only.(2).What is the meaning of “working round the clock“ ?（分数：-0.20）A.Working day and night.B.Making clocks.C.Working with a clock nearby.D.Repairing clocks.(3).Many baby-boomers living in the Information Age feel that_.（分数：-0.20）A.their financial status is decliningB
37、.their political influence is decliningC.their will power is decliningD.their physical power is declining(4).Which of the following does NOT indicate peoples enhanced awareness of the importance of memory?（分数：-0.20）A.More demand for coca cola and cigarettes.B.More demand for seminars on memory.C.Mor
38、e demand for memory-enhancing supplements.D.More demand for books on memory.(5).According to the writer, the secret to perfect memory_.（分数：-0.20）A.is not in sight yetB.will never be foundC.was found a long time agoD.has been foundOld Mothers Children Have Higher Diabetes (糖尿病) Risk Children of older
39、 mothers run a higher risk of developing insulin-dependent (胰岛素依赖型的) diabetes, the British Medical Journal said. “A strong association was found between increasing maternal (母亲的) age at delivery and risk of (insulin-dependent) diabetes in the child. Risk was highest in firstborn children and decreas
40、ed progressively with higher birth order,“ Professor Edwin Gale and colleagues at Southmead Hospital in Bristol said. Diabetes is a serious, incurable, lifelong disease characterized (以作为特性) by all inability to control the amount of sugar in the blood. Insulin-dependent diabetes, which mainly affect
41、s children, is treated by administering the hormone insulin. Gale looked into 1,375 families in the Oxford area where one or more children had diabetes and found that the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes increased by 25 percent for each five-year band of the mothers age. The ris
42、k of developing diabetes was also linked to the age of the father. For every five-year band of the fathers age the risk of the child developing diabetes increased by nine percent. The risk of diabetes was high?est among the firstborn children of mothers who started their families late and the risk d
43、ecreased by about 15 percent for each subsequent child, the BMJ said. The older the mother, the earlier the start of insulin-dependent diabetes in the child. Other studies have already shown that children born to older mothers, over the age of 35, have an increased risk of diabetes but this study is
44、 the first to establish that risk increases continuously in relation to increasing maternal age, Dr. Polly Bingley of Southmead Hospital told Reuters (路透社). The new study is the first to show that risk is related to birth order. The study also partly explains increasing diabetes. Between 1970 and 19
45、96 the proportion of children born to mothers aged between 30 and 34 increased to 28 percent from 15 percent and this could account for rising numbers of childhood diabetes patients, the scientists said in the alarming increase in the rate of (insulin-dependent) diabetes among children in recent yea
46、rs. “This study may well provide a clue to the understanding of this problem. It is most likely that there are a number of factors to explain the increase,“ Diabetes UK said. There are some 1.4 million diagnosed diabetes sufferers in Britain, the charity Diabetes UK said. Of these 1.4 million suffer
47、ers there are 20,000 people under age 20 who suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes. （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes is linked to all the following factors EXCEPT_.（分数：-0.20）A.the amount of sugar he or she consumesB.the age of the fat
48、herC.birth orderD.the maternal age at delivery(2).What kind of child may be at the highest risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The first-born children whose mothers started their families late.B.The children whose mothers are five years younger than their fathers.C.The third-bo
49、rn children whose fathers got married late.D.The children whose fathers are five years younger than their mothers.(3).What is the correlation between the mothers age and the time when the child develops insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The younger the mother, the earlier the start of diabetes in the child.B.The older the mother, the later the start of diabetes in the child.C.The older the mother, the earlier the start of diabetes in the child.D.The mothers age has little to do with the time when the child develop
