1、职称英语(理工类)49 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.（分数：-1.00）A.firstB.latestC.oldD.special2.The United States Congress and the state legislatures (approve) thousands of laws each year.（分数：-1.00）A.amendB.debateC.passD.d
2、raft3.His plan should succeed for it seems quite (feasible).（分数：-1.00）A.completeB.possibleC.daringD.decisive4.We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).（分数：-1.00）A.healthyB.unmistakableC.reliableD.unquestionable5.The development of the transistor and integrat
3、ed circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more (densely).（分数：-1.00）A.compactlyB.inexpensivelyC.quicklyD.carefully6.The New Year is coming. We decided to give our room a (thorough) clean.（分数：-1.00）A.carefulB.completeC.realD.serious7.Grandfather would (s
4、tay up) till small hours reading.（分数：-1.00）A.sit upB.sit inC.sit onD.sit through8.His new girlfriend (omitted)to tell him that she was married.（分数：-1.00）A.forgotB.resistedC.deletedD.left out9.It is (odd) that so little is known about the talented painter.（分数：-1.00）A.surprisingB.unreasonableC.strange
5、D.unbelievable10.When he got out of the managers office, from his facial expression we knew that his proposal must have been (turned down).（分数：-1.00）A.refusedB.acceptedC.adoptedD.denied11.Mary (seldom) buys ice-cream.（分数：-1.00）A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.hardly ever12.Excuse me for (troubling) you wit
6、h such a small matter.（分数：-1.00）A.interruptingB.botheringC.questioningD.telling13.He (claimed proudly) that he was the best swimmer in his school.（分数：-1.00）A.braggedB.allegedC.exclaimedD.praised14.Being colleagues for ten years, they have become (intimate) friends.（分数：-1.00）A.closeB.newC.kindD.close
7、ly15.The government would not dare to (impose) taxes on such necessities as bread or milk.（分数：-1.00）A.cutB.forceC.occurD.chargeMost Adults in U. S. Have Low Risk of Heart Disease More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10 percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, acco
8、rding to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent. “I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population
9、, “ lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, said in a statement. The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from
10、1988 to 1994. Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent. The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women
11、to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions. Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles
12、, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial. Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add. （分数：-0.98）(1).The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults
13、.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10-year risk of heart disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).More than l00 thousand people participated in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There was a greater proport
14、ion of men than women in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not me
15、ntioned(7).The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedAnatomy 1. The term anatomy comes from Greek anatomy, “dissection“. It is a branch of natural science dealing with the structural organization of living things. The proper und
16、erstanding of structure, however, implies a knowledge of function in the living organism. Anatomy is therefore almost inseparable from physiology, which is sometimes called functional anatomy. 2. It is convenient to subdivide the study of anatomy in several different ways. One classification is base
17、d on the type of organisms studied, the major subdivisions being plant anatomy and animal anatomy. Animal anatomy is further subdivided into human anatomy and comparative anatomy, which seeks out similarities and differences among animal types. Anatomy can also be subdivided into biological processe
18、s, for example, developmental anatomy, the study of embryos, and pathological anatomy, the study of diseased organs. 3. The oldest known systematic study of anatomy is contained in an Egyptian papyrus dating from about 1600 BC. In the 4th century BC Aristode increased anatomical knowledge of animals
19、. The first real progress in the science of human anatomy was made in the following century by the Greek physicians Herophilus and Erasistratus, who dissected human cadavers (尸体) and were the first to distinguish many functions , including those of the nervous and muscular systems. 4. Modern anatomy
20、 began with the publication in 1543 of the work of the Belgian anatomist Andreas Vesalius. Before the publication of this classical work anatomists had been so bound by tradition that the writings of authorities of more than 1000 years earlier, were accepted in lieu of actual observation. Vesalius a
21、nd other Renaissance anatomists, however, based their descriptions on their own observations of human corpses, thus setting the pattern for subsequent study in anatomy. 5. The 17th-century invention of the compound microscope led to the development of microscopic anatomy. Under the leadership of the
22、 Italian anatomist Marcello Malpighi, the study of the microscopic structure of animals and plants flourished during the 17th century. Microscopic anatomy developed rapidly in the 19th century. Knowledge of microscopic anatomy was greatly expanded during the 20th century as a result of the developme
23、nt of microscopes. A. The Beginning of research B. The subdivision of Anatomy C. The Beginning of Mordern Anatomy D. Anatomy in Ancient Times E. A Brief History of Microscopich Anatomy F. The definition of Anatomy （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Pa
24、ragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that before 1600 BC_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).It means that microscopic anatomy is bring up by_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).The classification of anatomy is based on_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).With the development
25、of science and technology, you may conclude_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Stress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated pe
26、ople did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with the
27、m. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with
28、college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health.“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The dow
29、nward turns in health were connected with daily stressors, and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.“ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is mor
30、e acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor“ Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life. “ stressful adj. 紧张的；压力重的 diploma n. 毕业文凭，毕业证书 stressor n. 紧张刺激物 devastating adj. 毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访 （分数：-1.00）(1).Stress level is closely related to_.（分数：-0.20）A.fa
31、mily size.B.social status.C.body weight.D.work experience.(2).The 1031 adults were interviewed_.（分数：-0.20）A.on a daily basis for 8 days.B.during one of eight days.C.all by Grzywacz.D.in groups.(3).Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?（分数：-0.20）A.People without any education.B.Pe
32、ople without high school degrees.C.People with high school degrees.D.People with college degrees.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater_.（分数：-0.20）A.the impact of stress on their health is.B.the effect of education on their health isC.the level of their education is.D.the degree of their he
33、alth concern is.(5).Lesseducated people report fewer days of stress possibly because_.（分数：-0.20）A.they dont want to tell the truth.B.they dont want to face the truth.C.stress is too common a factor in their life.D.their stress is more acute.Memory Class Stan Field knows what age can do to a persons
34、memory, and hes not taking any chances with his. He chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of exercise. He also avoids stress, coca cola and cigarette smoke. Whats more, at breakfast each morning, the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain po
35、wer. Michelle Amove is less than half Fields age, but no less concerned about her memory. While working round the clock to finish a degree in film studies, the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything. “I couldnt even remember names,“ she says. “I tho
36、ught, Oh, no, Im over 30. Its all downhill from here. “ Besides loading up on supplements, Amove signed up for a memory enhancing course at New Yorks Mount Siani Medical Center. And when she got there, she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was. For millions of Americ
37、ans, and especially for baby boomers (生育高峰出生的人) , the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sense of declining physical power. “When boomers were in their 30s and 40s, they launched the fitness boom,“ says Cynthia Green, the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinais memory class. “Now we have t
38、he mental-fitness boom Memory is the boomers new life-crisis issue.“ And of course a major marketing opportunity. The demand for books and seminars has never been greater, says Jack Lannom, a longtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show, “ Mind Unlimited,“ goes out to 33 million homes on the Christi
39、an Network. Anxious consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster. But before you get out your checkbook, a few questions are in order. Does everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is “mega
40、memory“ (超级记忆) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory, would you really want it? Until recently, no one could address those issues with much authority, but our knowledge of memory is exploding. New techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact
41、 to preserve meaningful experiences. Biologists are trying to understand the underlying (潜在的) chemical processes and neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) are discovering how age, stress and other factors can disrupt them. No one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall, but as youll see, that may be ju
42、st as well. （分数：-1.00）(1).What does Stan Field take at breakfast?（分数：-0.20）A.Food only.B.Nothing.C.Food and pills.D.A plateful of pills only.(2).What is the meaning of “working round the clock“ ?（分数：-0.20）A.Working day and night.B.Making clocks.C.Working with a clock nearby.D.Repairing clocks.(3).Ma
43、ny baby-boomers living in the Information Age feel that_.（分数：-0.20）A.their financial status is decliningB.their political influence is decliningC.their will power is decliningD.their physical power is declining(4).Which of the following does NOT indicate peoples enhanced awareness of the importance
44、of memory?（分数：-0.20）A.More demand for coca cola and cigarettes.B.More demand for seminars on memory.C.More demand for memory-enhancing supplements.D.More demand for books on memory.(5).According to the writer, the secret to perfect memory_.（分数：-0.20）A.is not in sight yetB.will never be foundC.was fo
45、und a long time agoD.has been foundHow to Be a Nurse The physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the view point of the patients, the nursing staff is pa
46、rticularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital. A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days
47、, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a perio
48、d of duty usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses station. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in
49、all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession. （分数：-1.00）(1).The nursing staff_.（分数：-0.20）A.are central to
