1、职称英语(理工类)43 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.The U.S was in 1850 a (divided) nation half slave and half free.（分数：-1.00）A.alliedB.combinedC.unitedD.separate2.At the conference, the speaker tried to (express) his feelings concerning the urgency of favorable decisions.（分数：-1.00）A.conveyB.affectC.impose on
2、D.summon3.After the whole days march, they are too (fatigue) to walk any more.（分数：-1.00）A.hungryB.sleepyC.thirstyD.tired4.People from many countries were (drawn) to the United States by the growing cities and industries.（分数：-1.00）A.draftedB.orderedC.transportedD.attracted5.His plan should succeed fo
3、r it seems quite (feasible).（分数：-1.00）A.completeB.possibleC.daringD.decisive6.The kinds of the oil use (affect) your health.（分数：-1.00）A.causeB.fancyC.influenceD.increase7.The little girls were (commended) for their wonderful dance presentation.（分数：-1.00）A.pleasedB.respectedC.praisedD.recommended8.If
4、 the population keeps on growing, there will eventually not be enough resources left to (support) life on the earth.（分数：-1.00）A.detainB.continueC.containD.maintain9.I (spotted) my father in the crowd.（分数：-1.00）A.recognizedB.recalledC.receivedD.recorded10.Even before an infant is born, tiny teeth are
5、 developing (within) his gums.（分数：-1.00）A.behindB.insideC.in front ofD.next to11.The town is (famous) for its magnificent church towers.（分数：-1.00）A.knownB.contemporaryC.specializedD.specified12.I dont see how Jack (put up with) his wife.（分数：-1.00）A.tolerateB.acceptC.leaveD.receive13.The great castle
6、s of the king were without bathing (facilities).（分数：-1.00）A.poolsB.meansC.showersD.towels14.We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).（分数：-1.00）A.healthyB.unmistakableC.reliableD.unquestionable15.We were so greatly (attracted) by the beauty of the West Lake t
7、hat we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.（分数：-1.00）A.fascinatedB.disturbedC.fooledD.surprisedFlu Shots Or Not? It sounded like a good idea when New York Citys mayor, Rudollph Giuliani, advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot. After all, 20,000 Americans each year die of influenza.
8、 And this year in particular, the mayor suggested, getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational (吸入的) form of anthrax (炭疽). How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptomsfever, chills and muscle ac
9、hesin the early days of the infection. Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated (接种疫苗) against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest, most t
10、reatable stages. Or so the mayors reasoning went. Unfortunately, there are a couple of problems with his logic. For one thing, getting vaccinated against influenza doesnt guarantee you wont get sick. Although highly effective, the flu vaccine (疫苗) protects against only the dominant types of the dise
11、ase and even then does not provide 100% protection. It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies (抗体). Each year thousands of Americans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu. There are also plenty of reasons you might develop
12、fever, chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu. Indeed, doctors estimate that more than 80% of all flu like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses. Getting vaccinated against flu cant protect you against suffering from these other illnesses. In
13、 the worst case, asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended, leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection. Already there have been delays in getting this years shipment of v
14、accine to clinics and doctors offices. Those who should be at the front of the line include folks who are 65 or older, nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people. Flu shots are also important for men and women
15、 whose immune system is weakened by HIV (艾滋病病毒) or other conditions. The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it protects against most flus not that youre worried about getting anthrax. While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far, many more could be at risk from flu-related c
16、omplications. Theres no need to worsen the tragedy by making this years influenza epidemic any worse. （分数：-0.98）(1).Quite a few New Yorkers took their mayors recent advice and got a flu shot.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is not easy to tell anthrax from flu in the early days of the i
17、nfection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Those who get the flu vaccine are surely protected from the disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Some other illnesses may exhibit symptoms similar to those of flu and anthrax.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Asking all healt
18、hy adults to get a flu shot may result in a shortage of the flu shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).People who care for those most vulnerable to the influenza infection neednt get flu shots.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Non
19、e of the five people killed by inhalational anthrax had been vaccinated against influenza.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedHints for Reading Practice 1. Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always made it a
20、rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p. m. or 2. 30 a. m. made no difference. 2. Nearly all “Speed Reading“ courses have a “pacing“some timing device which lets the students know how many words a minute he is reading. You
21、 can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached. 3. Obviously there is little point in increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot rem
22、ember clearly the details of what was said, re-read the section or chapter. 4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this “lightning speed“ readi
23、ng for an extended period of time, you will usually find that your “normal“ speed has increased. 5. Most paragraphs in an article have a “a topic sentence“ which expresses the central ideas. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while paragraphs that fo
24、llow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence of what has been said. A. The Organization of an Article B. An Effective Way to Increase Reading Speed C. Set Aside Time Each Day D. Check Your Comprehension E. Check Your Reading Speed F. Hints for Reading Pra
25、ctice （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).You can check your reading speed by_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).If y
26、ou keep doing “lightning speed“ reading for a period of time, you will find that _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).Most paragraphs in an article have a “a topic sentence“ which _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Old Mothers Children Have Higher Diabetes (糖尿病) Risk Children of older mothers run a higher risk of developing in
27、sulin-dependent (胰岛素依赖型的) diabetes, the British Medical Journal said. “A strong association was found between increasing maternal (母亲的) age at delivery and risk of (insulin-dependent) diabetes in the child. Risk was highest in firstborn children and decreased progressively with higher birth order,“
28、Professor Edwin Gale and colleagues at Southmead Hospital in Bristol said. Diabetes is a serious, incurable, lifelong disease characterized (以作为特性) by all inability to control the amount of sugar in the blood. Insulin-dependent diabetes, which mainly affects children, is treated by administering the
29、 hormone insulin. Gale looked into 1,375 families in the Oxford area where one or more children had diabetes and found that the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes increased by 25 percent for each five-year band of the mothers age. The risk of developing diabetes was also linked to
30、 the age of the father. For every five-year band of the fathers age the risk of the child developing diabetes increased by nine percent. The risk of diabetes was high?est among the firstborn children of mothers who started their families late and the risk decreased by about 15 percent for each subse
31、quent child, the BMJ said. The older the mother, the earlier the start of insulin-dependent diabetes in the child. Other studies have already shown that children born to older mothers, over the age of 35, have an increased risk of diabetes but this study is the first to establish that risk increases
32、 continuously in relation to increasing maternal age, Dr. Polly Bingley of Southmead Hospital told Reuters (路透社). The new study is the first to show that risk is related to birth order. The study also partly explains increasing diabetes. Between 1970 and 1996 the proportion of children born to mothe
33、rs aged between 30 and 34 increased to 28 percent from 15 percent and this could account for rising numbers of childhood diabetes patients, the scientists said in the alarming increase in the rate of (insulin-dependent) diabetes among children in recent years. “This study may well provide a clue to
34、the understanding of this problem. It is most likely that there are a number of factors to explain the increase,“ Diabetes UK said. There are some 1.4 million diagnosed diabetes sufferers in Britain, the charity Diabetes UK said. Of these 1.4 million sufferers there are 20,000 people under age 20 wh
35、o suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes. （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes is linked to all the following factors EXCEPT_.（分数：-0.20）A.the amount of sugar he or she consumesB.the age of the fatherC.birth orderD.the maternal age at deliv
36、ery(2).What kind of child may be at the highest risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The first-born children whose mothers started their families late.B.The children whose mothers are five years younger than their fathers.C.The third-born children whose fathers got married late.
37、D.The children whose fathers are five years younger than their mothers.(3).What is the correlation between the mothers age and the time when the child develops insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The younger the mother, the earlier the start of diabetes in the child.B.The older the mother, the la
38、ter the start of diabetes in the child.C.The older the mother, the earlier the start of diabetes in the child.D.The mothers age has little to do with the time when the child develops insulin-dependent diabetes.(4).According to the passage, the alarming increase in the rate of diabetes among children
39、 in the UK may partly be explained by the rise in_.（分数：-0.20）A.the incidence of diabetes in the whole countryB.the proportion of children born to mothers aged above 30C.the supply of diabetes medicinesD.the number of newborn babies(5).How many diagnosed diabetes patients are there in Britain?（分数：-0.
40、20）A.About twenty thousand.B.About one million and four thousand.C.About one million and four hundred thousand.D.About one million and four hundred.The Gene Industry Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile
41、to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metalhungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifefor
42、ms. Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creat
43、ion and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination. Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relie
44、ving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “infe
45、rior“ people and breed a “ super-race“? ( Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories. ) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, ea
46、ch of us having, as it were, a “ savings bank“ full of spare kidney, livers or hands? Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted H
47、oward, state in their book Who Should Play God? “ Broad Scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer ne
48、ed will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.“ （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked by_.（分数：-0.20）A.using metal-hungry microbes .B.making use of enzymes.C.adjusting the engine.D.patenting new life forms.(2).Accord
49、ing to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?（分数：-0.20）A.The unanticipated explosion of populationB.The creation of biological solar cells.C.The accidental spill of oil.D.The unexpected release of destructive microbes.(3).Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.Developing a “ savings bank “ of ones organs.B.Breeding soldiers for a war.C.Producing people with cow-like stomachs.D.Using genetic forecasting to cure diseases.(4).According to the passage, Hitler attempte
