1、职称英语(理工类)37 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.High pay may (enhance) productivity.（分数：-1.00）A.confirmB.improveC.determineD.supplement2.Even before an infant is born, tiny teeth are developing (within) his gums.（分数：-1.00）A.behindB.insideC.in front ofD.next to3.The question was discarded because it was (a
2、mbiguous).（分数：-1.00）A.biasedB.tentativeC.vagueD.renowned4.It is easier to adapt to new situations if one has a (flexible) attitude.（分数：-1.00）A.changeableB.fashionableC.moveableD.elastic5.Mr. Jackson wants to (give out) this news as soon as possible.（分数：-1.00）A.announceB.emitC.explainD.finish6.A stud
3、ent sticking closely to the (disciplines) of the school is often praised by the master and teachers.（分数：-1.00）A.interestsB.ordersC.regulationsD.principals7.Many economists have given in to the fatal (lure) of mathematics.（分数：-1.00）A.errorB.functionC.attractionD.miracle8.Although you are busy, you mu
4、st (allow for) your health.（分数：-1.00）A.attendB.take account ofC.put in the charge ofD.take charge of9.At the conference, the speaker tried to (express) his feelings concerning the urgency of favorable decisions.（分数：-1.00）A.conveyB.affectC.impose onD.summon10.If wool is put into hot water, it tends t
5、o (shrink).（分数：-1.00）A.smellB.fadeC.hardenD.contract11.Comets are still regarded with (fright) by some people.（分数：-1.00）A.dreadB.concernC.detachmentD.resentment12.The sisters cant (tolerate) each other.（分数：-1.00）A.bearB.hateC.likeD.criticize13.Electrical appliances such as toasters or hair dryers ar
6、e designed to (take advantage of) the ability of an electric current to heat a wire.（分数：-1.00）A.augmentB.make sense ofC.make use ofD.reinstall14.The short stories of Katherine Mansfield demonstrate her keen perceptions of human (character).（分数：-1.00）A.natureB.statusC.comedyD.appetite15.The project f
7、or developing local industries was (evaluated) for its usefulness, feasibility and easiness of execution.（分数：-1.00）A.assessedB.comparedC.measuredD.weighedThe Attitude For Computers As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that
8、they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry a
9、nd music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computers get more complete, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new form of life. The opi
10、nion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computers brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival. Computers match people in some roles, and when
11、 fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain at one
12、 time and it freezes up. We are still in control, but the capabilities of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, th
13、e reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements as he has surpassed
14、 those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiast would assume that the species must be mans flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon. （分数：-0.98）(1).Dr. Samuel Johson disapproved of ladies to preach.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not M
15、entioned(2).Today, computers are still inferior to man in terms of growth of reasoning power.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).In terms of making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long procedures of evolution the slow pace of life didnt require s
16、uch an ability of the human brain.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).When he thinks highly of the development of computer science, the author doesnt mean that human beings have lost control of computers.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).Future man will be made of silicon instead of
17、flesh and blood.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedPeople, Customs and Habits 1.
18、 Every ten years the United States makes a complete count, or census, of its people. When the first count was made in 1790, the new nation had fewer than 4 million people, almost all living along the East Coast. Today, there are more than 226 million. 2. We moved slowly through the city and entered
19、a slum district. The streets crowded with people. People eating, people washing, people sleeping. People visiting each other, arguing and screaming. People pushing their hands through the taxi windows begging. People holding on to the sides of buses. People, people, people, people. 3. We have the ab
20、ility to keep what we have learned in our minds so that we can call it up again for use later on. What we remember in this way may be words, figures, dates, poetry, events in our own lives and things like arithmetic or historic facts, and even skilled actions such as playing the piano or riding a bi
21、cycle. 4. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house never finishes a dr
22、ink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he has enjoyed it. 5. Many visitors find the fast pace at which Americans move very troubling. They always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if the
23、y are delayed even for a brief moment. A. Population B. Over Population C. Memory D. Customs E. Rush F. Census （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).The United States makes an census every _
24、.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).In China a guest leaves a little of his tea to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).In England a guest always drinks his tea up to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).American are always in a hurry, and many visitors_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Memory Class Stan Field knows what age can do to a persons memory,
25、 and hes not taking any chances with his. He chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of exercise. He also avoids stress, coca cola and cigarette smoke. Whats more, at breakfast each morning, the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain power. Mi
26、chelle Amove is less than half Fields age, but no less concerned about her memory. While working round the clock to finish a degree in film studies, the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything. “I couldnt even remember names,“ she says. “I thought, O
27、h, no, Im over 30. Its all downhill from here. “ Besides loading up on supplements, Amove signed up for a memory enhancing course at New Yorks Mount Siani Medical Center. And when she got there, she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was. For millions of Americans, an
28、d especially for baby boomers (生育高峰出生的人) , the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sense of declining physical power. “When boomers were in their 30s and 40s, they launched the fitness boom,“ says Cynthia Green, the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinais memory class. “Now we have the ment
29、al-fitness boom Memory is the boomers new life-crisis issue.“ And of course a major marketing opportunity. The demand for books and seminars has never been greater, says Jack Lannom, a longtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show, “ Mind Unlimited,“ goes out to 33 million homes on the Christian Netw
30、ork. Anxious consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster. But before you get out your checkbook, a few questions are in order. Does everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is “megamemory“
31、 (超级记忆) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory, would you really want it? Until recently, no one could address those issues with much authority, but our knowledge of memory is exploding. New techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact to pre
32、serve meaningful experiences. Biologists are trying to understand the underlying (潜在的) chemical processes and neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) are discovering how age, stress and other factors can disrupt them. No one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall, but as youll see, that may be just as w
33、ell. （分数：-1.00）(1).What does Stan Field take at breakfast?（分数：-0.20）A.Food only.B.Nothing.C.Food and pills.D.A plateful of pills only.(2).What is the meaning of “working round the clock“ ?（分数：-0.20）A.Working day and night.B.Making clocks.C.Working with a clock nearby.D.Repairing clocks.(3).Many baby
34、-boomers living in the Information Age feel that_.（分数：-0.20）A.their financial status is decliningB.their political influence is decliningC.their will power is decliningD.their physical power is declining(4).Which of the following does NOT indicate peoples enhanced awareness of the importance of memo
35、ry?（分数：-0.20）A.More demand for coca cola and cigarettes.B.More demand for seminars on memory.C.More demand for memory-enhancing supplements.D.More demand for books on memory.(5).According to the writer, the secret to perfect memory_.（分数：-0.20）A.is not in sight yetB.will never be foundC.was found a l
36、ong time agoD.has been foundThe Asian Flu Virus In 1957, a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like cases. Influenza is sometimes called “flu“ or as “bad cold“. He took specimens from the throats of patients in his hospital and was able to find the
37、 virus of this influenza. There are three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are types A and B, each of them having several sub-groups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus group A, but he did not know the sub-gro
38、up. He reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization in Geneva. W. H. 0. published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 15%-20% of the population had become ill. As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, they began
39、the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself at a very high speed, the virus had multiplied more than a million times within two days. Continuing their careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs used against all the known sub-groups of type A virus on this virus. None of the
40、m gave any protection. This then, was something new: a new influenza virus against which the people of the world had no ready help whatsoever. Having isolated the virus they were working with, the two doctors now conducted tests on some specially selected animals, which contract influenza in the sam
41、e way as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments revealed that the new virus spread easily, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like general public, called it simply “Asian“ flu. （分数：-1.00）(1).The Asian flu virus_.（分数：-0.20）A.was a killerB.wa
42、s very weakC.could reproduce very quicklyD.died very fast(2).“The outbreak, was due to a virus“ (in para. 2) means that it was _ by a virus.（分数：-0.20）A.killedB.foundC.causedD.weakened(3).The main idea of this passage is that_.（分数：-0.20）A.a new virus was noticedB.doctors throughout the world treated
43、influenza-like patientsC.W. H. 0.paid attention to influenzaD.people in Asia were likely to catch influenza(4).It can be inferred from this passage that the Asian flu _.（分数：-0.20）A.could not be cured by any known drugB.could be cured quite easilyC.was a deadly diseaseD.had been known before(5).The w
44、ord “specimens“ (in para 1) means_.（分数：-0.20）A.bloodB.skinC.samplesD.soresCommunication Problems After 20 years of research, my colleagues and I have discovered that all communication involves our bodies, sometimes profoundly. While we speak with words, we also speak with every fiber of our being. T
45、his “language of the heart“ is integral to the health and emotional life of all of us. We found that even a pleasant chat about the weather can affect the cardiovascular (心血管性的) system , particularly blood pressure. The traditional way of taking blood pressurewith a stethoscope (听诊器)meant that the p
46、atient had to keep silent, and this silence prevented clinicians from discovering the link between communication and blood pressure. The breakthrough in our studies occurred in 1977, when we met Ed, a typical hypertensive patient who came to the University of Marylands Psychophysiology Center for tr
47、eatment. We hooked up Ed to a new com?puter that could continuously monitor blood pressure. We found that his pressure immediately increased every time he spoke, even if he was discussing the most neutral topic. What was more surprising was that Ed was unaware of these changes. This finding so intri
48、gued us we began testing others. The results were the same. Blood pressure and heart rate rose rapidly whenever people talked. We asked students to read aloud from a bland(乏味的)text. Their blood pressure and heart rate rose rapidly every time. We tested 38 deaf-mute volunteers. When these people sign
49、ed, their blood pressure also increased. This confirmed our suspicion that it was the act of communication, not just talking, that led to these changes. Most normal talk is a seesaw (一上一下的动作). The rising of blood pressure when one talks is balanced by a rapid lowering of pressure when one listens. But the rhythm is out of synclinal hypertensives. They fluently fail to listen; they are on guard, defensive. So their pressure stays up. The benefits of listening are seen in the “orienting reflex,“ d
