1、职称英语(理工类)35 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.The U.S was in 1850 a (divided) nation half slave and half free.（分数：-1.00）A.alliedB.combinedC.unitedD.separate2.He had been (forced) to give up much of his time to housework.（分数：-1.00）A.compelledB.demandedC.determinedD.required3.The boy was seriously (wounde
2、d) in the accident.（分数：-1.00）A.damagedB.injuredC.destroyedD.devastated4.It took me a whole hour to (solve) the problem.（分数：-1.00）A.work atB.work onC.work outD.work over5.He is sure of the coming of investment (boom) after adopting the new investment policies.（分数：-1.00）A.decreaseB.increaseC.influence
3、D.preparation6.We were so greatly (attracted) by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.（分数：-1.00）A.fascinatedB.disturbedC.fooledD.surprised7.In Toms eyes, the restaurant at the corner of the street is a very (smart) one.（分数：-1.00）A.cleverB.elegantC.loyalD.
4、brave8.Our company is (collaborating) with a Japanese firm in designing a new computer.（分数：-1.00）A.mergingB.allocatingC.communicatingD.cooperating9.When snow (collects) on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.
5、（分数：-1.00）A.selectsB.scattersC.meltsD.accumulates10.Though friends for many years, the two lawyers (ended up) as enemies.（分数：-1.00）A.turned outB.gave inC.got rid ofD.put an end at11.In some cultures people who were thought to have the ability to (explain) dreams were likely to be highly respected.（分
6、数：-1.00）A.interpretB.interveneC.inheritD.impact12.Just before taking off, the pilot once more (asked about) weather conditions.（分数：-1.00）A.inquiredB.demandedC.requestedD.required13.The train stopped (abruptly), making us wonder where we were.（分数：-1.00）A.all of a suddenB.fastC.quicklyD.slowly14.She (
7、longed) to be envied and sought after.（分数：-1.00）A.hopedB.wantedC.was eagerD.wished15.I (spotted) my father in the crowd.（分数：-1.00）A.recognizedB.recalledC.receivedD.recordedThe Attitude For Computers As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about comp
8、uters is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions
9、and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations. Computers imitate life. As computers get more complete, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new for
10、m of life. The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computers brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival. Computers match people in so
11、me roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things a
12、t the brain at one time and it freezes up. We are still in control, but the capabilities of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth gene
13、ration appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain. That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements a
14、s he has surpassed those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiast would assume that the species must be mans flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon. （分数：-0.98）(1).Dr. Samuel Johson disapproved of ladies to preach.（分数：-0.14）A.R
15、ightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).Today, computers are still inferior to man in terms of growth of reasoning power.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).In terms of making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long procedures of evolution the slow pace of li
16、fe didnt require such an ability of the human brain.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).When he thinks highly of the development of computer science, the author doesnt mean that human beings have lost control of computers.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).Future man will be made of s
17、ilicon instead of flesh and blood.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedPeople, Cus
18、toms and Habits 1. Every ten years the United States makes a complete count, or census, of its people. When the first count was made in 1790, the new nation had fewer than 4 million people, almost all living along the East Coast. Today, there are more than 226 million. 2. We moved slowly through the
19、 city and entered a slum district. The streets crowded with people. People eating, people washing, people sleeping. People visiting each other, arguing and screaming. People pushing their hands through the taxi windows begging. People holding on to the sides of buses. People, people, people, people.
20、 3. We have the ability to keep what we have learned in our minds so that we can call it up again for use later on. What we remember in this way may be words, figures, dates, poetry, events in our own lives and things like arithmetic or historic facts, and even skilled actions such as playing the pi
21、ano or riding a bicycle. 4. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house n
22、ever finishes a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he has enjoyed it. 5. Many visitors find the fast pace at which Americans move very troubling. They always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are ver
23、y impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. A. Population B. Over Population C. Memory D. Customs E. Rush F. Census （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).The United States makes
24、 an census every _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).In China a guest leaves a little of his tea to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).In England a guest always drinks his tea up to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).American are always in a hurry, and many visitors_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Natural Medicines Since earliest days, humans ha
25、ve used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (
26、发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By medicines that mig
27、ht seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provid
28、e the cure for some of todays most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think a
29、bout the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature. Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All livi
30、ng things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the earths supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury a
31、nd disease were_.（分数：-0.20）A.much more successful than modern onesB.successful in all casesC.successful enough for humans to surviveD.of little help to humans(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.B.Modern medicines are now available
32、 all over the world.C.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.D.Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.(3).It is believed by scientists that traditional medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.can cure all kinds of diseasesB.are no longer useful for modern menC.may cure some of
33、 todays most serious diseasesD.are too cheap to be useful(4).What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?（分数：-0.20）A.Plants.B.Factory-produced chemicals.C.Modern medicines.D.Strange and wonderful equipment.(5).It can be seen from the passage that the earths supply of natural
34、medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.may never be exhaustedB.is surprisingly bigC.may be dropping rapidlyD.is as rich as everStress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However
35、, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you h
36、ave each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reporte
37、d stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health.“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medic
38、al Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors, and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.“ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer da
39、ys of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor“ Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life. “ stressful adj. 紧张的；压力重的 diploma n. 毕业文凭，毕业证书 stressor n. 紧张刺激物 devastating adj. 毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访 （分数：-1.00）(1).S
40、tress level is closely related to_.（分数：-0.20）A.family size.B.social status.C.body weight.D.work experience.(2).The 1031 adults were interviewed_.（分数：-0.20）A.on a daily basis for 8 days.B.during one of eight days.C.all by Grzywacz.D.in groups.(3).Which group reported the biggest number of stressful d
41、ays?（分数：-0.20）A.People without any education.B.People without high school degrees.C.People with high school degrees.D.People with college degrees.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater_.（分数：-0.20）A.the impact of stress on their health is.B.the effect of education on their health isC.the lev
42、el of their education is.D.the degree of their health concern is.(5).Lesseducated people report fewer days of stress possibly because_.（分数：-0.20）A.they dont want to tell the truth.B.they dont want to face the truth.C.stress is too common a factor in their life.D.their stress is more acute.Bathing In
43、 the Sea Bathing in the sea in England a hundred years ago was not quite the light-hearted amusement that it is today. There are no running down from the hotel to the beach in a bath robe(长袍) , no sunbathing, or lying about on the sands in bathing-dresses after the dip. Everything had to be done in
44、an orderly and extremely polite manner. Mixed bathing was not allowed anywhere. Men and women each had their separate part of the beach, and they were not supposed to meet in the water. Bathing clothes were also closely controlled. Men usually wore simple bathing drawers and no more, but women were
45、obliged to wear thick, cumbersome woolen garments that covered them completely from head to foot. These satisfied the demands of modesty, but they must have been extremely uncomfortable for swimming. Even thus decently covered, women were not supposed to show themselves on the beach while in bathing
46、 attire(浴衣). They had to wait their turn for a bathing machine, a sort of wooden cabin on wheels which was drawn right down to the waters edge by horses. On its seaward side a sort of hood or canopy(罩盖) stretched outwards and downwards over the water, completely hiding the bather until she was actua
47、lly in the sea, There was a bathing woman in attendance, part of whose duty was to dip, in other words, to seize the bather as soon as she emerged and dip her forcibly under water two or three times. This was supposed to be for the benefit of her health, and no doubt it was all right in the hands of
48、 the gentle. But most bathing women were the reverse of gentle, and to be dipped by them must have been a strenuous form of exercise. （分数：-1.00）(1).Women wore uncomfortable bathing clothes because_.（分数：-0.20）A.it protected them from the coldB.it was considered bad manners to show any fleshC.it made
49、it easier to swimD.it covered them from head to foot(2).The bathing machine was used _.（分数：-0.20）A.so that the horses could drink at the waters edgeB.so that the bather could hide from the seaC.so that the bather could swim in the seaD.so that the bather could be screened (掩蔽) until she was in the sea(3).A bathing-womans job was to_ .（分数：-0.20）A.attend to the bathing machineB.dip the attendantC.force the bather to emerge from the bathing machineD.force the bather under the water when she came
