1、职称英语(理工类)32 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.（分数：-1.00）A.firstB.latestC.oldD.special2.When he got out of the managers office, from his facial expression we knew that his proposal must have been (turned down).（分数：
2、-1.00）A.refusedB.acceptedC.adoptedD.denied3.The boy was seriously (wounded) in the accident.（分数：-1.00）A.damagedB.injuredC.destroyedD.devastated4.A student sticking closely to the (disciplines) of the school is often praised by the master and teachers.（分数：-1.00）A.interestsB.ordersC.regulationsD.princ
3、ipals5.A (bare) hill appears behind the jungle.（分数：-1.00）A.baldB.humidC.immenseD.level6.During the United States Civil war, many people in the south were forced to (flee) their home.（分数：-1.00）A.pay taxes onB.run away fromC.rebuildD.return to7.She could not endure the extreme (tension) and broke into
4、 tears suddenly.（分数：-1.00）A.braveryB.strainC.dangerD.security8.He could never be (content) until he could afford to buy that beautiful car.（分数：-1.00）A.fullB.richC.wiseD.happy9.Helen will leave (immediately).（分数：-1.00）A.far awayB.right awayC.right hereD.soon10.The workers finally (called off) the str
5、ike.（分数：-1.00）A.put offB.endedC.cancelledD.participated in11.The kinds of the oil use (affect) your health.（分数：-1.00）A.causeB.fancyC.influenceD.increase12.Mr. Jackson wants to (give out) this news as soon as possible.（分数：-1.00）A.announceB.emitC.explainD.finish13.He has (thought out) the best way of
6、saving oil for your car.（分数：-1.00）A.consideredB.decidedC.devotedD.devised14.The exploration of outer space is a great (triumph) of modern science.（分数：-1.00）A.superiorB.symbolC.successionD.success15.Experiments enable young scientists to judge accurately what must be accepted and what must be viewed
7、with (suspicion).（分数：-1.00）A.doubtB.beliefC.curiosityD.judgmentAnother Area of English Language Consider now another area of our language. English has a large number of nouns which appear to be neutral with regard to sex, but actually are covertly masculine. Although the dictionary may define poet a
8、s one who writes poetry, a woman who writes poetry appears so anomalous or threatening to some,that they use the special term poetess to refer to her. There is no corresponding term to call attention to the sex of a man who writes poetry, but then we find nothing remarkable in the fact that poetry i
9、s written by men. Of course, if a woman is sufficiently meritorious, we may forgive her sex and refer to her as a poet after all, or, wishing to keep the important fact of her sex in our consciousness, we may call her a woman poet. However, to balance the possible reward of having her sex overlooked
10、, there remains the possibility of more extreme punishment, we may judge her work so harshly that she will be labelled a lady poet. Once again, the moral is clear, people who write poetry are assumed to be men until proven otherwise, and people identified as women who write poetry are assumed to be
11、less competent than sexually unidentified (i.e., presumably male) people who write poetry. If the phenomenon we have been discussing were limited to poetry, we might not regard it as very significant , after all, our society tends to regard poets as some what odd anyway. But, in fact, it is wide spr
12、ead in the language. There is a general tendency to label the exception, which in most cases turns out to be women. Many words with feminine suffixes, such as farmerette, authoress, and aviatrix, have such a clear trivializing effect, that there has been a trend away from their use and a preference
13、for woman author and the like. The feminines of many ethnic terms, such as Negress and Jewess, are considered particularly objectionable. Other words, such as actress and waitress, seem to have escaped the negative connotations and remain in use. However, we note that waiters often work in more expe
14、nsive establishments than do waitresses, that actresses belong to“ Actors Equity, “and that women participants in theatrical groups have begun to refer to themselves as “actors.“ on rare occasions, this presumption of maleness in terms which should be sexually neutral, works to womens advantage. If
15、someone is called a bastard, either as a general term of abuse, or as a statement of the lack of legal marital ties between that persons parents, we assume that person is a male. While an illegitimate child may be of either sex, only men are bastard in common usage. Although the dictionary seems to
16、regard this as a sex-neutral term, a recent dictionary of slang gives the term bastard a definition as a “female bastard.“ （分数：-0.98）(1).The word “anomalous“ means ridiculous.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).This passage is from a chapter called “Of Girls and Clicks“. From the middle part
17、of the chapter we can know this.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).If a poem is written by a poetess, we tend to judge it favorably.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).The main idea of the passage is that the seemingly neutral English is actually masculine.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.No
18、t Mentioned(5).The authors tone can best be described as generally objective, but also somewhat negative.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).Woman poet is treated differently from man poet.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).The author is sneering and nasty to some peoples occupations.
19、（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedArchitecture Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. T
20、hese achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back t
21、o life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The
22、use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, s
23、end their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modem architecture, which was influenced by new tec
24、hnology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects. A
25、. Building Materials B. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern Life C. Restoration of Ancient Civilizations D. Evolution in Style E. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6 F. A Social Art （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.
26、D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).Some buildings are so well constructed that they are not only useful_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which were restored during renaissance, were still influential（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(7).As modem life becomes more complex,
27、 people have to put up many different kinds of buildings_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).The use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played all important role_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Old Mothers Children Have Higher Diabetes (糖尿病) Risk
28、 Children of older mothers run a higher risk of developing insulin-dependent (胰岛素依赖型的) diabetes, the British Medical Journal said. “A strong association was found between increasing maternal (母亲的) age at delivery and risk of (insulin-dependent) diabetes in the child. Risk was highest in firstborn ch
29、ildren and decreased progressively with higher birth order,“ Professor Edwin Gale and colleagues at Southmead Hospital in Bristol said. Diabetes is a serious, incurable, lifelong disease characterized (以作为特性) by all inability to control the amount of sugar in the blood. Insulin-dependent diabetes, w
30、hich mainly affects children, is treated by administering the hormone insulin. Gale looked into 1,375 families in the Oxford area where one or more children had diabetes and found that the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes increased by 25 percent for each five-year band of the mo
31、thers age. The risk of developing diabetes was also linked to the age of the father. For every five-year band of the fathers age the risk of the child developing diabetes increased by nine percent. The risk of diabetes was high?est among the firstborn children of mothers who started their families l
32、ate and the risk decreased by about 15 percent for each subsequent child, the BMJ said. The older the mother, the earlier the start of insulin-dependent diabetes in the child. Other studies have already shown that children born to older mothers, over the age of 35, have an increased risk of diabetes
33、 but this study is the first to establish that risk increases continuously in relation to increasing maternal age, Dr. Polly Bingley of Southmead Hospital told Reuters (路透社). The new study is the first to show that risk is related to birth order. The study also partly explains increasing diabetes. B
34、etween 1970 and 1996 the proportion of children born to mothers aged between 30 and 34 increased to 28 percent from 15 percent and this could account for rising numbers of childhood diabetes patients, the scientists said in the alarming increase in the rate of (insulin-dependent) diabetes among chil
35、dren in recent years. “This study may well provide a clue to the understanding of this problem. It is most likely that there are a number of factors to explain the increase,“ Diabetes UK said. There are some 1.4 million diagnosed diabetes sufferers in Britain, the charity Diabetes UK said. Of these
36、1.4 million sufferers there are 20,000 people under age 20 who suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes. （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes is linked to all the following factors EXCEPT_.（分数：-0.20）A.the amount of sugar he or she consumesB.
37、the age of the fatherC.birth orderD.the maternal age at delivery(2).What kind of child may be at the highest risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The first-born children whose mothers started their families late.B.The children whose mothers are five years younger than their fath
38、ers.C.The third-born children whose fathers got married late.D.The children whose fathers are five years younger than their mothers.(3).What is the correlation between the mothers age and the time when the child develops insulin-dependent diabetes?（分数：-0.20）A.The younger the mother, the earlier the
39、start of diabetes in the child.B.The older the mother, the later the start of diabetes in the child.C.The older the mother, the earlier the start of diabetes in the child.D.The mothers age has little to do with the time when the child develops insulin-dependent diabetes.(4).According to the passage,
40、 the alarming increase in the rate of diabetes among children in the UK may partly be explained by the rise in_.（分数：-0.20）A.the incidence of diabetes in the whole countryB.the proportion of children born to mothers aged above 30C.the supply of diabetes medicinesD.the number of newborn babies(5).How
41、many diagnosed diabetes patients are there in Britain?（分数：-0.20）A.About twenty thousand.B.About one million and four thousand.C.About one million and four hundred thousand.D.About one million and four hundred.Cancer The popular TV variety-show host was grim but calm. He faced the cameras and said bl
42、untly: “I have cancer.“ Masataka Itsumis disclosure may be the latest sign that the shame associated with cancer is finally breaking down in a country where, unlike the United Sates, the topic has traditionally been taboo. Cancer is the countrys No.1 killer, chaining more than 230,000 lives a year.
43、Despite the number of people affected, the subject has long been concealed in secrecy and silence. As a rule, Japanese are reluctant to tell anyone other than family if they have cancer. And doctors often lie to patients about a cancer diagnosis, fearing they would be depressed and weakened by the t
44、ruth. Polls indicate that most people would prefer to be told if they have cancer. But health authorities have estimated as few as one in five cancer patients is given a truthful diagnosis. “The patient is very afraid to hear of having cancer, so many doctors just dont tell,“ said one doctor. “ But
45、if we dont tell the truth, its bad for the relationship between doctor and patient. So I think this is beginning to change“. He said he believed the intense public interest in the Itsumi case reflected pent-up curiosity and concern about the subject. There are other signs of greater openness in conf
46、ronting cancer. Support groups for cancer victims, once unknown, have sprung up. The plot of a recent film revolved around a man with cancer. An unusually powerful television advertisement, appealing for bone-marrow donations, features a young woman who has since died of leukemia. But secrecy about
47、cancer is still common. In Japan, serious illness is considered embarrassing. People worry about causing suffering and expense for their families, or discomforting their colleagues. Itsumi, in fact, began his news conference by apologizing. Other factors contribute to the taboo on talk about cancer.
48、 There is a cultural tendency toward restraint on discussing personal matters and stoicism in facing problems. Even if patients sense something is very wrong despite a good diagnosis, most do not press their doctors or seek a second opinion. Doctors are granted deep respect in a society that discour
49、ages questioning authority. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage implies that_.（分数：-0.20）A.in the United States, people openly talk about cancerB.in the Unites States, cancer is a forbidden topicC.cancer is not as wide spread in the U. S. as in JapanD.cancer is the No. 1 killer in the U. S.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：-0.20）A.secrecy about cancer will continue to be commonB.the patient with cancer and his or her family will be grateful to the doctor who does not tell the truthC.the true condition of the patient with cance
