1、职称英语(卫生类)25 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Is the clock in the tower (accurate)?（分数：-1.00）A.correctB.newC.oldD.wrong2.Security officials say that computer crime is easy to accomplish and hard to (detect).（分数：-1.00）A.explainB.uncoverC.discoverD.ignore3.Eating too much fat can (lead to) heart disease a
2、nd cause high blood pressure.（分数：-1.00）A.attribute toB.attend toC.contribute toD.devote to4.They joined the army (willingly).（分数：-1.00）A.intentionallyB.consciouslyC.voluntarilyD.reluctantly5.It is his (assumption) of a false theory that made him pay a high price.（分数：-1.00）A.fearB.beliefC.disappointm
3、entD.dream6.She (longed) to be envied and sought after.（分数：-1.00）A.hopedB.wantedC.was eagerD.wished7.The mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.（分数：-1.00）A.held downB.held inC.held offD.held on8.When he got out of the managers office, from his facial expression we knew that his proposal
4、must have been (turned down).（分数：-1.00）A.refusedB.acceptedC.adoptedD.denied9.While they were away on vocation, they allowed their mail to (be accumulated) at the post office.（分数：-1.00）A.be decreasedB.be deliveredC.be piled upD.be returned10.Dont be so (innocent) as to believe everything the politici
5、ans say.（分数：-1.00）A.ignorantB.illiterateC.simpleD.stupid11.Starfish (cling to) stones by the suction of their innumerable tube feet.（分数：-1.00）A.attractB.destroyC.swim over toD.hold fast to12.After the whole days march, they are too (fatigue) to walk any more.（分数：-1.00）A.hungryB.sleepyC.thirstyD.tire
6、d13.The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civilization of Latin America.（分数：-1.00）A.firstB.latestC.oldD.special14.We were so greatly (attracted) by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.（分数：-1.00）A.fascinatedB.disturbedC.fooledD.surp
7、rised15.Peter was an (energetic) and athletic youth.（分数：-1.00）A.alertB.awkwardC.activeD.skillfulUnited Nations A major segment of the Untied Nations is the General Assembly, which consists of representatives from all governments that have ratified the UN Charter. As of 1995,185 states had membership
8、 in the general Assembly. Additionally, the Vatican, Switzerland, and the Palestine Liberation Organization have nonvoting observer status in the General Assembly. The General Assembly approves the UNs budget, acts with the Security Council to select the Secretary-general and judges of the Internati
9、onal Court of Justice, and passes resolutions on issues ranging from self-determination and colonialism to womens rights and the global distribution of wealth. The General Assembly can meet and vote on any subject, unless the Security Council is dealing with it (or at least pretending to). However,
10、its decisions only carry moral forceunlike the Councils. Theyre not binding in international laws. But the Assembly votes are an important opinion poll on how and what the majority of the world thinks about issues. “ Important questions“ need a two-thirds vote of the Assembly to pass. The question o
11、f what is an important question isnt important. Its decided by the delegates themselvesby a simple majority. Although the General Assembly has not recognized authority to enforce its conclusions on anything other than internal UN matters, it makes its viewpoints on issues that are brought before it
12、is known in one of the three ways. A General Assembly declaration is a broad statement of general principle such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, passed in 1948. Declarations are often put forward as an expression of an ideal, in practice they are regularly ignored. A General Assembly r
13、esolution is essentially a document that recommends that member states take a particular policy action. States claim sovereignty and make their own decisions as to whether they will follow a General Assembly resolution. In some cases, however, if many states implement a particular resolution, other
14、states that may not wish to act on the resolution may feel themselves pressured to do so anyway. At the very least, a resolution has the effect of legitimizing the policies of those states that wish to comply with the resolution. Finally, a General Assembly convention, or treaty, has two meanings. T
15、he more comprehensive convention refers to multilateral treaties voted on by the General Assembly that, upon passage by the General Assembly, are carried back to the capitals of member states for ratification by whatever means each state uses domestically. In other cases, a General Assembly conventi
16、on refers specifically to a treaty signed between the United Nations and the government of a nation-state, as when in 1956 Egypt agreed to allow United Nations peacekeeping forces to enter Egyptian territory. （分数：-0.98）(1).The General Assembly is responsible for dealing with the international matter
17、s.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).The Passage of important issues is decided by a two-thirds vote of the Assembly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).The General Assembly have the authority to enforce its conclusions on approving UN budget.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4)
18、.The General Assembly makes its viewpoints in the General Assembly ratification.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The General Assembly presses its member states to implement its resolution.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).Anan was chosen as UN Secretary-general on the General Asse
19、mbly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Multi-lateral treaties have to be ratified by the member state before it is passed by the General Assembly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedResistance to Malaria 1. “Our job“, said the health officer, “is to spray the walls of every house in ever
20、y town and village in the malaria parts of Mexico“. You may be surprised to learn that there are about ninety-nine thousand separate villages and towns. Some are big places like Mexico City, some are single houses deep in the jungles or upon the mountain-tops. The men working with our programme say
21、that most of these localities lie within districts warm enough for the malaria-carrying mosquitoes to live in and spread the disease. That means that we must plan to spray the walls of nearly three million house once or twice a year for five years.“ 2. “We have studied everything very carefully“ , t
22、he officer continued. “Our advance guards have drawn maps of some forty thousand parts of the country for use by the spray teams. Each house in the malaria districts has been given a special number. The United Nations has given us cars and trucks to carry the spray teams and their tools, but many of
23、 the houses to be sprayed are too difficult to reach by car. Half of our spray teams go on horseback or by boat.“ 3. “The malaria programme has been popular with the Mexican people. Everyone wants to help. The navy has offered us the services of ships. The Defence Department is helping us plan the m
24、ovement of men and supplies. The Ministry of Education has printed sheets in Spanish and the more widely spoken Indian languages to explain how malaria is spread and why spraying helps. Doctors have spoken in the churches of many communities to explain the programme.“ 4. Resistance is a problem. It
25、was in the United States that such resistance to sprays was first proved. Since then many other insects have developed resistance to poisons. Take the case of the housefly and D.D.T. At first D.D.T. killed them off. For a time flies died quickly. Then no more. Now D.D.T. wont hurt a fly. 5. What wor
26、ries the health workers is the danger that mosquitoes may become resistant. Already resistance to some of the sprays has appeared in parts of the world, although no insect is yet resistant to all of the sprays. A. What worries us? B. What we have done? C. Whats our job? D. More and more people joine
27、d us. E. It will be a hard work. F. Whats the problem? （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).The Education Department support the malaria programme by_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).D. D. T. is a
28、kind of poisons which could_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).It takes _ to finish all the projects.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).Carrying out such a programme in Mexico needs_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Euthanasia: a Heatedly Debated Topic “We mustnt delay any longer.?swallowing(吞咽) is difficult.and breathing, thats also di
29、fficult. Those muscles are weakening too.we mustnt delay any longer.“ These were the words of Dutchman(荷兰人) Cees van wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, van Vendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that h
30、is condition was rapidly deteriorating. Van Venders last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a
31、nationwide debate on the subject. The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia (安乐死) , although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament(议会) two years ago are usually not prosecut
32、ed. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor must confirm(证实) that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to t
33、he police department. Should doctors be allowed to take the live of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees van Vendels doctor, explains how he looks at the question: “Well, its not as if I in planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine
34、. But thats entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they dont suffer too much. Thats very different thing. “ Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the organization Healthcare opposed to Eu
35、thanasia, says that “in the vast majority of euthanasia cases , what the patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health professional to open up communication for them with their loved ones or familytheres nearly always another question behind the question.“ Britain also has
36、 a strong tradition of hospicesspecial hospitals which care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the National Hospice Council and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesnt take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying
37、. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people; “Its very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabled (伤残的) and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt(脱离) out. I think tha
38、t anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable (脆弱的).“ Many find this prohibition of an individuals right to the paternalistic (家长式的). Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not be ig
39、nored. Dr. Van Oijen believes that people have the fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: “What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people havent the right. And that when people are very ill, we are all afraid of their death. But there are situati
40、ons where death is a friend. And in those cases, why not?“ But “why not?“ is a question which might cause strong emotion. The film showing Cees Van Vendels death was both moving and sensitive. His doctor was clearly a family friend; his wife had only her husbands interests at heart. Some, however, w
41、ould argue that it would be dangerous to use this particular example to support the case for euthanasia. Not all patients would receive such a high level of individual care and attention. （分数：-1.00）(1).Who is against euthanasia?（分数：-0.20）A.Dr. Wifred Van Oijen.B.Dr. Andrew Ferguson.C.Cicely Saunders
42、.D.Both B and C.(2).According to the guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament, when_,enthanasia can be carried out.（分数：-0.20）A.the patient or his relatives make repeated requests for euthanasiaB.the patient is affected with an infectious diseaseC.a second doctor is present and look on the proce
43、ssD.the patient suffers great pain(3).Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen may agree that_.（分数：-0.20）A.doctors have the right to take the lives of othersB.patients dont have the freedom to decide to end their livesC.life is important, but the quality of life is even more important and should be improvedD.killing i
44、s a necessary part of a doctors work(4).The arguments against the practice of euthanasia include all the following except_.（分数：-0.20）A.when a patient asks for death, he/she may ask for something elseB.its paternalistic to deny an individual the right to dieC.allowing euthanasia may cut back the care
45、 and consideration for the elderly and disabledD.to practice euthanasia is to shorten a patients life on purpose(5).When the author says “But why not? is a question might cause strong emotion,“ (the last para. )he may mean_.（分数：-0.20）A.Cees Van Vendel was a man with much emotionB.Cees Van Vendels do
46、ctor and wife were both sensitiveC.many people oppose the standpoints of those who support the practice of euthanasia stronglyD.only those who are full of emotion can say such words.The Function of Tomatoes How do we love tomatoes? Lets count the ways: we love them in pasta, on pizza, in juice, in s
47、alad and soup, sliced on sandwiches, stuffed with tuna, even dried and baked in bagels, but most of all, we love them right off vineripe, red, and delicious. While tomato lovers dont need an excuse for eating them by the bushel (蒲式耳), now theres even more reason to savor these delicious fruits. Evid
48、ence is mounting that people who eat tomatoes have a substantially lower risk for cancer. In a thousand-person study of eating habits and health, Harvard Medical School researchers found that those who ate tomatoes every week had the lowest chance of dying form cancer. Recently, a study of 48, 000 A
49、merican men showed a 21 to 34 percent lower risk for prostate cancer(前列腺癌)among those who consumed tomatoes, tomato sauce, or pizza more than twice a week. And in study of men and women in Italy, eating seven or more serving of raw tomatoes a week was linked to a 30 to 60 percent reduction in digestive tract and prostate cancers, depending on the type of cancer. The protective qualities of the tomato are thought to come from lycopene(番茄红素) ,a potent antioxidant(抗氧化的) plant chemical tha
