1、职称英语(卫生类)14 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.The boy was seriously (wounded) in the accident.（分数：-1.00）A.damagedB.injuredC.destroyedD.devastated2.After the whole days march, they are too (fatigue) to walk any more.（分数：-1.00）A.hungryB.sleepyC.thirstyD.tired3.The farmers worried about the (lack) of rain.
2、（分数：-1.00）A.shortageB.driftC.woeD.burden4.In Toms eyes, the restaurant at the corner of the street is a very (smart) one.（分数：-1.00）A.cleverB.elegantC.loyalD.brave5.The new communication system is by no means a (minute) invention.（分数：-1.00）A.timelyB.smallC.accidentalD.significant6.The government woul
3、d not dare to (impose) taxes on such necessities as bread or milk.（分数：-1.00）A.cutB.forceC.occurD.charge7.I beg you once again, never (desert) me in my misfortunes!（分数：-1.00）A.condemnB.abandonC.offendD.pluck8.The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics ind
4、ustry by allowing components to be packaged more (densely).（分数：-1.00）A.compactlyB.inexpensivelyC.quicklyD.carefully9.I dont see how Jack (put up with) his wife.（分数：-1.00）A.tolerateB.acceptC.leaveD.receive10.We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).（分数：-1.00）
5、A.healthyB.unmistakableC.reliableD.unquestionable11.The teachers want to (do away with) cheating in their school.（分数：-1.00）A.do credit toB.retainC.put an end toD.substitute for12.A visit to the Computer Center has (aroused) the students interest in computer science.（分数：-1.00）A.alarmedB.disturbedC.st
6、imulatedD.increased13.The mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.（分数：-1.00）A.held downB.held inC.held offD.held on14.How many radios will your factory (turn out) this year?（分数：-1.00）A.manufactureB.destroyC.exportD.import15.His plan should succeed for it seems quite (feasible).（分数：-1.00）A
7、.completeB.possibleC.daringD.decisiveMost Adults in U. S. Have Low Risk of Heart Disease More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10 percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent hav
8、e a risk that exceeds 20 percent. “I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population, “ lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in A
9、tlanta, said in a statement. The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994. Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent
10、 had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent. The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distribution
11、s. Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related e
12、ditorial. Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add. （分数：-0.98）(1).The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 1
13、0 percent 10-year risk of heart disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).More than l00 thousand people participated in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The distrib
14、utions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.（分数：
15、-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedPeople, Customs and Habits 1. Every ten years the United States makes a complete count, or census, of its people. When the first count was made in 1790, the new nation had fewer than 4 million people, almost all living along the East Coast. Today, there are more th
16、an 226 million. 2. We moved slowly through the city and entered a slum district. The streets crowded with people. People eating, people washing, people sleeping. People visiting each other, arguing and screaming. People pushing their hands through the taxi windows begging. People holding on to the s
17、ides of buses. People, people, people, people. 3. We have the ability to keep what we have learned in our minds so that we can call it up again for use later on. What we remember in this way may be words, figures, dates, poetry, events in our own lives and things like arithmetic or historic facts, a
18、nd even skilled actions such as playing the piano or riding a bicycle. 4. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very muddy,
19、this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house never finishes a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he has enjoyed it. 5. Many visitors find the fast pace at which Americans move very troubling. They always appear to be hu
20、rrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. A. Population B. Over Population C. Memory D. Customs E. Rush F. Census （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（
21、分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).The United States makes an census every _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).In China a guest leaves a little of his tea to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).In England a guest always drinks his tea up to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(8).American are always in a hurry, and many visitors_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Ad
22、aptation of Living Things Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in g
23、etting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its o
24、wn distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there
25、 are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Man
26、y animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environm
27、ent, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it dif
28、ficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions. （分数：-1.00）(1).Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may_.（分数：-0.20）A.help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.B.survive even in extremely severe conditionsC.become better adapted to the
29、environments than others of their kind.D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.(2).In the first paragraph, the word “environments“ could best be replaced by_.（分数：-0.20）A.contextsB.surroundingsC.neighborsD.enemies(3).It can be inferred from this passage that the feather
30、s of a bird care colored_.（分数：-0.20）A.to frightened its enemies.B.to attract its enemiesC.to adjust its body heatD.to match its environment(4).Which of the following is not directly mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may adapt in its structure.B.An organism may adapt in its function.C.A living cre
31、ature may adapt in its genetic makeup.D.A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.(5).The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its ownB.A living creature may
32、 have the ability to remain still when an enemy is near.C.A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorganic chemicalsD.A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin.Stress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful da
33、ys, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors th
34、at cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high scho
35、ol diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward
36、turns in their health.“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors, and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less adva
37、ntaged.“ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor“ Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life. “ stressful adj. 紧张的；压力重
38、的 diploma n. 毕业文凭，毕业证书 stressor n. 紧张刺激物 devastating adj. 毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访 （分数：-1.00）(1).Stress level is closely related to_.（分数：-0.20）A.family size.B.social status.C.body weight.D.work experience.(2).The 1031 adults were interviewed_.（分数：-0.20）A.on a daily basis for 8 days.B.during one of
39、 eight days.C.all by Grzywacz.D.in groups.(3).Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?（分数：-0.20）A.People without any education.B.People without high school degrees.C.People with high school degrees.D.People with college degrees.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater_.（分数：-
40、0.20）A.the impact of stress on their health is.B.the effect of education on their health isC.the level of their education is.D.the degree of their health concern is.(5).Lesseducated people report fewer days of stress possibly because_.（分数：-0.20）A.they dont want to tell the truth.B.they dont want to
41、face the truth.C.stress is too common a factor in their life.D.their stress is more acute.Natural Medicines Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from d
42、ying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. No
43、r do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men exper
44、imented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of todays most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are use
45、d not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% o
46、f modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature. Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is becaus
47、e the earths supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and disease were_.（分数：-0.20）A.much more successful than modern onesB.successful in all casesC.successful enough for humans to surviveD.of little help to humans(2).
48、Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.B.Modern medicines are now available all over the world.C.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.D.Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.(3).It is believed b
49、y scientists that traditional medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.can cure all kinds of diseasesB.are no longer useful for modern menC.may cure some of todays most serious diseasesD.are too cheap to be useful(4).What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?（分数：-0.20）A.Plants.B.Factory-produced chemicals.C.Modern medicines.D.Strange and wonderful equipment.(5).It can be seen from the passage that the earths supply of natural medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.may never be exhaustedB.is surprisingly
