1、雅思-62 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deci
2、ding on the punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （分数：20.00）_2.The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 1989. Summarise the information by selecting and r
3、eporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. （分数：20.00）_3.As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfac
4、tion for all workers? （分数：20.00）_4.The pie charts below show units of electricity production by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. （分数：20.00）_5.Some people think that unive
5、rsities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. What, in your opinion, should be the main fun
6、ction of a university? （分数：20.00）_雅思-62 (1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should alway
7、s be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 1反对固定的惩罚 Determining appropriate punishments for crimes is something that must have been debated since the earliest human societies. Should there be fixed punishment
8、s for each crime or should the circumstances and motivation for committing the crime decide the sentence? Having fixed punishments for crimes would clearly be the simplest solution. In particular, it would put an end to questions of why one transgressor received one particular sentence whilst anothe
9、r received a different sentence for the same transgression. However, whilst this neat simplicity has its attractions, I think most people would agree that there is a need for a system that takes other factors into account. One such factor could be the circumstances of the crime. Was the criminal for
10、ced into committing it? Was the criminal fully aware of the situation? Was the criminal a child? These questions create a strong case for allowing some leeway in sentencing. Since the circumstances surrounding each crime differ, there is a strong case for varying sentences. Another factor that may n
11、eed to be taken into account is the motivation for committing the crime. All over the world (in the past and/or at present) people are sentenced to harsh prison terms or worse for stealing food to feed their families. Theft is wrong, but many cases of theft would not occur if people had enough to ea
12、t. On the other hand, an already wealthy person who steals is likely doing so because of greed, and is therefore much less likely to elicit any sympathy. To conclude, I strongly believe that having fixed sentences for crimes would be a mistake. Whilst two crimes may break the same law, it is unlikel
13、y that the circumstances and motivations are identical. Therefore, establishing minimum and maximum punishments for each crime is, in my opinion, best. 参考范文 2支持固定的惩罚 In most countries, there are flexible punishments for each type of crime, because the circumstances and motivations for those crimes a
14、re taken into account in sentencing. I would argue that this is wrong and that each type of crime should have a fixed sentence. If there are flexible sentences for each type of crime, then criminals are going to try to find ways of getting the minimum sentence if they are found guilty. This means th
15、at they are likely to twist the circumstances and present motivations that make them appear guilty to the least extent. As a result, some of the worst criminals could easily escape with light sentences. The problem for the judges passing sentence on criminals is that they need to be able to see evid
16、ence of the exact circumstances of each crime. Many criminal cases are already complex enough without this extra evidence. It is likely to slow the criminal justice system. A further problem is that some criminals are bound to complain that they have been badly treated by the justice system if they
17、get sentences that are harsher than they would like or expect. Alternatively, they might claim that favouritism has been shown to some other criminals. To summarise, I believe that it is fairer and far simpler to have fixed sentences for each particular crime. As a result, everyone will know exactly
18、 what to expect if they commit a crime and there will be no issues surrounding evidence for motivation or claims of inconsistency.2.The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 1989. S
19、ummarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 The charts show how average house prices have changed in five cities. One shows the change from 1990 to 1995 compared with 1989 and the other shows the change from 19
20、96 to 2002 compared with 1989. We can see that house prices in New York and London followed the same patternfalling during the first period (by 5% and 7.5% respectively) and rising during the second (by 5% and 12% respectively), in comparison with 1989. House prices in Madrid and Frankfurt rose duri
21、ng both periods in comparison with 1989, though the increase in Frankfurt was greater during the first (2%) than the second (1.5%). On the other hand, the increase in Madrid was higher during the second period (4%) than the first (1.5%). Tokyo was the only city where house prices fell in both period
22、s compared to 1989. Between 1990 and 1995, they fell by 7.5% and between 1996 and 2002 they decreased by 5%. To summarise, there was no consistent factor in house prices in the five cities, though prices, compared to 1989, seemed to be better in the period 1996-2002 than 1990-1995.3.As most people s
23、pend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers? （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 1 If people are asked to list the factors in t
24、heir lives that influence their wellbeing, I think it is fair to say that the vast majority of people would place their job near or at the top of the list. There are so many factors contributing to job satisfaction (or dissatisfaction) that only a few can be examined here. In addition, is job satisf
25、action for everyone realistic or will there always be people who are dissatisfied? One key factor contributing to job satisfaction is whether people are doing something that they want to do. If someone has been forced into taking a job, perhaps for financial reasons, they may not really be satisfied
26、. On the other hand, many people take low-paid jobs because that“s the job they want to do. Another important factor is who you work withnot just your colleagues, but your customers and/or other people you deal with on a day-to-day basis. If they are pleasant, positive people, you are more likely to
27、 be happy in your job. Related to this is the company you work for. If it is a well-run enterprise that treats its employees wellperhaps involving the “ordinary“ workers in planning and decision-makingthose employees are more likely to have higher job satisfaction. In addition, some employees may pr
28、efer to work for a small organisation whilst others might prefer a large one. Of course, organisations that are doing well are more likely to have satisfied employees than those doing badly. In conclusion, we can see that the factors influencing job satisfaction are varied and it is precisely this i
29、nterplay of factors that makes it unrealistic to expect all workers to be satisfied with their jobs. 参考范文 2 It is important to be satisfied with your job, mainly, but not only, because you are likely to spend a substantial part of your time doing it. Many factors contribute to job satisfaction and I
30、 will outline a few. Also, I will consider whether it is realistic to expect all workers to be satisfied with their jobs. Of course, many people associate job satisfaction with the number on their pay cheque. They may take their salary as an indication of how much they are valued by the organisation
31、 they work for. Many people claim that their salary does not influence how satisfied they are, but I suspect that they would be less satisfied if their salaries were cut. Another factor is where the person works. Some people prefer to be close to their homes (or even at home) whilst others don“t min
32、d if their job involves a lot of travelling or is far from where they live. This might depend on their family circumstancesperhaps they have to look after a family memberor whether travelling to and from work is a chore because of traffic jams or lack of convenient transport. I think it is unrealist
33、ic to expect everyone to be satisfied with their jobs, simply because there are so many people with so many demands. If many people demand the same kind of work, employers will be able to reduce salaries or pick those who they consider to be the best. To conclude, job satisfaction for everyone is un
34、realistic and there are many factors that contribute to job satisfaction.4.The pie charts below show units of electricity production by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. （
35、分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 The charts illustrate how Australia and France produced electricity in 1980 and in 2000, by fuel source. In Australia, electricity generation rose from 100 units (1980) to 170 units (2000). In 1980, coal accounted for half of production (50 units), but this had increased to
36、three quarters (130 units) in 2000. Hydro-electric power production almost doubled from 20 units to 36 units. Meanwhile, production of electricity from natural gas and oil declined from 20 units and 10 units respectively to 2 units each. Australia did not use nuclear power for generating electricity
37、. In France, electricity generation doubled from 90 units (1980) to 180 units (2000). In 1980, no source was dominant, but this changed by 2000 when nuclear power generated three quarters (126 units) of the country“s electricity, compared with 15 units in 1980. Coal use remained unchanged at 25 unit
38、s, though the doubling of electricity generation reduced its proportion. Oil use increased from 20 to 25 units. Again, the proportion fell. Natural gas and hydro-electric power accounted for 25 units and 5 units in 1980, but these had fallen to 2 units each in 2000. In summary, over the period 1980-
39、2000, Australia came to rely mainly on coal for electricity generation whilst France came to rely mainly on nuclear power.5.Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should b
40、e to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. What, in your opinion, should be the main function of a university? （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 1总体的知识和技能 Some people believe that universities should provide students with the knowledge and skil
41、ls they will need in the workplace whilst others think that it does not matter what kind of knowledge students gain during their time at university. In my opinion, universities should certainly focus on providing students with the knowledge and skills that will be applicable to their future jobs, bu
42、t not exclusively. Many university students do not study a subject at university and then go on to get a job directly related to that subject. A brief review of leaders of major countries reveals that not all of them have only studied politics. For example, Hu Jintao, the leader of China, is an engi
43、neering graduate. As an English teacher, I know that most of my colleagues do not have an undergraduate degree in teaching or English. Other people may study a particular subject at university, then get a job directly related to that subject, but then make a career change later in life. My second po
44、int is that many subjects are not even available at degree level at university, such as policing or being a DJ. This is because, for many jobs, the required knowledge and skills cannot easily be put into a degree course or can be learnt by anyone wishing to put in the required time and effort. In ad
45、dition, it should be noted that most employers find it better to hire people with the demonstrated capacity to learn new skills and train them on specially-designed courses or “on the job“ rather than to only look at graduates who have studied particular courses. To conclude, I strongly believe that
46、 universities should provide the knowledge and skills that a variety of workplaces need, meaning that some things students learn may not be directly related to a particular job. 参考范文 2为工作而教学 Some people think that universities should provide students with knowledge for its own sake, but others, including myself, believe that they should provide students with the knowledge and skills that they will use in the workplace. First of all, university education clearly costs a lot of money. Therefore, students should have lectures and seminars which are directly related to the jobs
