1、雅思-47 及答案解析(总分：82.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BListening Modul(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION 1: QUES(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Listen to two students, Louise and Kerry, talking about their vacation.Questions 1-4Answer the questions below.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer. （分数：4.00）(1).How much was a Eura
2、ilpass Youth Ticket?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).How many European countries did Louises ticket allow her to travel to?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Did the Eurailpass Youth Ticket include the train from London to Paris?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).How old must you be if you want to purchase a Eurailpass Youth Ticket?（分数：1.00）
3、填空项 1:_Questions 5-10Complete the notes below.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Points that Louise makes about Eurail: easy to travel to small towns easy to meet U U 5 /U /U U U 6 /U /Uwith times of the trains night-trains had many U U 7 /U /Uas passengersAdvice that Louise gives about Eu
4、rail: Dont take U U 8 /U /Ubags. Be U U 9 /U /Uwith your belongings. Spend enough time in each country to experience U U 10 /U /U. （分数：6.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION 2: QUES(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Questions 11-16Complete the table below.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer
5、. Central City University-Student Support ServicesAcademe Support ServicesCourse Content Assessment Advisors UU 1 /U/U- counselling re: course selection-language supportResearch Resource Department Study Skills Department UU 2 /U/U-assistance and advice for research and library use-assistance with a
6、rranging UU 3 /U/U-arrange computer logon and passwordAdministration Student ServicesAdministration Officers UU 4 /U/UHomestay Officer Student Employment Officer UU 5 /U/UBookshop-issuing student cards-independent accommodation advice-family-style accommodation advice-part-time and vacation employme
7、nt- inquiries re: passports and visas-retail outletStudent Union servicesStudent Counselling ServiceEqual Opportunity ServicesActivity Clubs Services-counselling re:UU 6 /U/Uproblems-petitioning and sexual harassment-availability of clubs and activity schedules（分数：6.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
8、项 1:_填空项 1:_Questions 17-20Match the names of the buildings with the letters on the map below. （分数：4.00）(1).The Library（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Administration Building（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Bookshop（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).International Student Advisor （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BSECTION 3: QUES(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions
9、21-22Choose the correct letter from A-C （分数：2.00）(1).Roses plan for the tutorial is to research and present A. the differences between male and female children. B. the different ways that male and female children are raised. C. the differences between male and female parenting.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Th
10、e British experiments that Rose refers to in the conversation A. were carried out in 100 families. B. observed girls and boys who were raised identically. C. noted the different treatments males and females received.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Questions 23-26Choose TWO letters from A-E for each answer.23 24. Th
11、is tutorial willA. require Marie and Rose to carry out research.B. interest the tutor and their classmates.C. be tested.D. help Marie to catch up on her research work.E benefit other assessment that Rose and Marie have to do.25 26. Before starting their preparation, Marie and Rose mustA. catch up on
12、 other work.B. agree on the topic.C. get approval from the tutor.D. make an appointment to see a librarian.E plan carefully for the next two weeks.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Questions 27-30Complete the form below.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
13、项 1:_五、BSECTION 4: QUES(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 31-32Complete the following sentences.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. （分数：2.00）(1).The speaker identifies the following two differences between being a high school student and a university student: the academic expectations of tutors and
14、 lecturers are _. students must take responsibility for their own learning.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The speaker aims to get students to recognise exam stress and the way it can affect _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Questions 33-36Complete the table below.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. EXAM STRESSSigns
15、Effective Management includes:Physiological:Increased pulse-ratePerspirationBreathing problemsProblems with UU 3 /U/UUU 4 /U/Ubreathing exercisesPsychological:Irrational UU 5 /U/UPanicBe confident and UU 6 /U/UBe calm and analyse the questions.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Questions 37-40Comp
16、lete the following notes.Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.（分数：4.00）(1).Time needed to study effectively will _ according to individuals.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Time Management involves taking notice of the allocation of _ to exam questions.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).To achieve good grades in examin
17、ations at university, you need to: have academic ability. be _ . think clearly. observe time management practices.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Students wishing to develop their _ can attend next weeks workshop.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_六、BReading Module(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BREADING PASSAGE(总题数：2，分数：13.00)THE LIFE CYCLE OF
18、 A STARIt has been conservatively estimated that there are some 10,000 billion, billion stars in the universe. It is difficult to know the exact age of a star (astronomers have identified stars as young as 25,000 years old and others are thought to be over 10 billion years old), but what astronomers
19、 do know is that there are many different kinds. How each star is formed, and its mass, influences its type and longevity.A star is born in a nebula, which is a giant cloud of gas and dust. The larger the amount of matter that is in the nebula, the greater the mass of the star that is created. Insid
20、e these nebulae are dense areas of gas, which, due to their density, have a stronger gravitational pull than the rest of the nebula. Gradually, gravity drags the gas in the nebula together and it begins to spin and become increasingly hotter. Once the temperature reaches 15,000,000, nuclear fusion o
21、ccurs in the centre of the cloud, and it begins to glow brightly. It stabilizes at this temperature, contracts slightly and becomes what is known as a main sequence star (an example of this is our own Sun). It can remain in this stage for millions or billions of years.As it glows, hydrogen in the ce
22、ntre (through the nuclear fusion) becomes helium. Eventually the hydrogen supply in the core diminishes and the core of the star becomes unstable, contracting more. However, the outer parts of the star (which are still mainly hydrogen) expand and cool, and in doing so, the star starts to glow red. I
23、t is at this stage that the star becomes a red giant. It is anticipated that it will take the Sun another 5 billion years to reach this stage. By then it will have grown large enough to engulf the three closest planets Mercury, Venus and Earth) and glow 2,000 times brighter than it currently does.*E
24、xactly how a star will react in the red giant phase depends on its mass. Throughout the red giant phase, the hydrogen in the outer parts carries on burning, and the centre gets hotter and hotter. On reaching 200,000,000, the helium atoms fuse forming carbon atoms. The remainder of the hydrogen explo
25、des and forms a ring around the core called a planetary nebula.With medium-sized stars, once the final helium atoms have fused into carbon atoms, the star starts to die. The gravitational pull leads to the last of the stars matter collapsing inwards and compacting to become extremely dense. A star l
26、ike this is called a white dwarf. It will shine white-hot until the remaining energy (thermal energy trapped in its interior) has been exhausted after which it will no longer emit light. This can take in excess of several billion years. It is then termed a black dwarf (a cold, dark star, perhaps rep
27、lete with diamonds) and remains in that stage forever. When the larger red giants (massive stars) collapse, which happens in an instant, so much planetary nebula is created that this gas and dust can be used as building material for planets in developing solar systems. In addition, with massive star
28、s, as the temperature increases, the carbon atoms get pulled together to form increasingly heavier elements like oxygen, nitrogen and finally iron. Once this happens, fusion ceases and the iron atoms begin absorbing energy. At some point in the future, this energy is released in a huge explosion cal
29、led a supernova. A supernova can have a core temperature of up to 1,000,000,000 and the explosion can light up the sky for weeks, outshining an entire galaxy. Astronomers believe that Earth is made up of elements formed from the inside of stars, in particular red giants that exploded as supernovas.
30、These massive stars have an average life span of one million years.After becoming a supernova, the remaining core of a massive star that is 1.5 to 4 times as massive as the Sun becomes a neutron star. It starts to spin and often emits radio waves. If these waves occur in pulses, the neutron star is
31、referred to as a pulsar. When a massive star has eight or more times the mass of the Sun, it will remain massive after the supernova. It has no nuclear fusion supporting the core and becomes engulfed by its own gravity. This results in a black hole, which sucks in any matter or energy that passes cl
32、ose to it. The gravitational field of a black hole is powerful enough to prevent the escape of light and is so dense that it cannot be measured. The phrase black hole originated from the physicist John Archibald Wheeler; before this, black holes were known as frozen stars. Wheeler came up with this
33、name two years before the proof of the existence of the first black hole, X-ray binary star Cygnus X-1, in 1971. Astronomers think that there may be a black hole at the centre of each galaxy.The life cycle of a star is really that-the materials from an exploded star mix with the hydrogen of the univ
34、erse. This mixture in turn will be the starting point of the next star. The Sun is a case in point, containing the debris from numerous other stars that exploded long before the Sun was born.Questions 1-6Different stages and types of stars are mentioned in Reading Passage 1. Choose ONE of the types
35、or stages (A-H) from the box below which best matches the descriptions (Questions 1-6).Write your answers in boxes 1-6 on your Answer Sheet.NOTE: you may use any answer more than once.AnebulaBmain sequence starCred giantDwhite dwarfEblack dwarfFsupernovaGneutron starHblack hole（分数：6.00）(1).the Sun _
36、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).birthplace of a star _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).a dying star _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).sometimes has pulsating waves _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).its size is immeasurable _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).its supply of energy has run out _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Questions 7-13Complete the sentences using NO MORE THAN T
37、HREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your Answer Sheet.（分数：7.00）(1).Hydrogen will turn to helium after _ occurs.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The colour of the red giant is formed as the _ becomes smaller and the outer areas cool.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).At 200,000,000 the stars helium a
38、toms fuse into carbon atoms, and then the star（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Unlike small and medium-sized stars, large stars _ quickly.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A black holes _ stops light from being emitted.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Astronomers knew about _ before they were able to confirm their existence.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
39、:_(7).Planets and stars are likely to consist of _ from exploded celestial bodies.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_八、BREADING PASSAGE(总题数：3，分数：14.00)TOMATO RIPENINGTomatoes give off minute quantities of ethylene gas which is active in starting the natural ripening process. If left to nature, however, the tomatoes ri
40、pen in a random way. The trickled ethylene gas process of tomato ripening consists of exposing the tomatoes to a low concentration of ethylene gas under controlled temperature conditions in a special tomato-ripening room. This treatment initiates and controls the speed of the natural ripening and co
41、louring process in the tomatoes.Controlled ripening and colouring enables the grower to market tomatoes of more uniform colour and quality than is possible with green or field-ripened produce. Timing of harvesting and marketing may, within limits, also be regulated by the use of controlled ripening
42、and colouring in order to achieve maximum returns and make the best use of labour and equipment.*Ripening ConditionsAll fruit must be mature green at harvest for controlled ripening to be successfully carried out. Relative humidity does not appear to be of great importance in the tomato-ripening pro
43、cess. Little moisture loss from the tomatoes occurs during the ripening process due to the relatively impermeable nature of the tomato skin. Ripening time will depend on the ripening temperature range; however, ripening temperatures above 24 will result in poor colour development with yellow or oran
44、ge fruit rather than red. The heating and cooling capacity should be such that the tomatoes can be brought to the recommended ripening temperature within 24 hours.General ArrangementA typical arrangement for a tomato ripening room is shown in Figure 1 with the essential components of the system iden
45、tified.Room Size and ConstructionFor efficiency and convenience in operation, on-farm tomato ripening rooms are usually sized to accommodate the normal daily tomato pick during the peak harvest time. The room capacity is generally in the range of two to ten tonnes of tomatoes; however, larger rooms may sometimes be installed. Since the average ripening time is three or four days, the provision of multiple rooms on the one farm is genera
