1、雅思-41 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Listening Module(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION 1Questions 1(总题数：2，分数：10.00)QueStions 1-3Cmplete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Address: 51, (1) DriveArea: NorthwoodPostcode: (2) Studying at: Northwood PolytechnicMajor: (3) （分数
2、：6.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Questions 7-10Is Tessa available for work at the times listed below?Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 7-10.AShe is definitely available for work at these timesBShe might be available for work at these timesCShe is not available for
3、 work at these timesTimes:（分数：4.00）(1).Weekdays_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Evenings_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Weekends_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).School Holidays_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、SECTION 2Questions 1(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.BeWell Online Programme= interacti
4、ve website with resources to help reach health (11) Wellness Register:easy online health checkkeep a record of progressget (12) on present health conditionActive Health Agenda:8-week plans taking into account age but, a word of warning: agriculture must also be sustainable. Lets look at approaches t
5、hat are not sustainable. Firstly, overgrazing and intensive cropping are two ancient but destructive practices that lead to loss of soil fertility. Secondly, the modem idea of liberal application of chemical pesticides and herbicides has had disastrous consequences for the health of the land, rangin
6、g from the pollution of water sources to the destruction of wildlife. These practices have ignored the mechanisms that sustain ecological communities. Ignorance has led to the destruction of the very biodiversity that is essential for sustainable food production. However, introducing new agricultura
7、l techniques, especially things like genetic engineering, can be difficult because many people remain suspicious of the fact that plants have had their genetic material modified by scientists.Biotechnology has also led to the dubious practice of bio-prospecting, or as some prefer to call it, bio-pir
8、acy. Foreign multinational companies have been accused of illegally obtaining samples of indigenous plants of other countries in order to get their hands on genetic material to improve the quality or yield of their own crops.We must put aside the controversy surrounding the field of agricultural bio
9、technology in order to concentrate on the biggest threat to food production on this planet.which is.? Yes, climate change. The effects of global warming so far have been to shrink the food supply thereby pushing up prices and making, even the most basic necessities, unaffordable.As I see it, the int
10、ernational community must address this, and other challenges to agricultural production, with urgency. Concrete scientific and technological achievements need to be presented for farmers to evaluate and learn to use but, apart from that, governments need to address the complex issues of policy devel
11、opment if the worlds hungry are to be fed.Environmental policies need to be put in place to protect ecosystems and correct soil degradation where possible. Countries cannot continue to exploit naLral resources whilst ignoring the consequences. In fact, Id like to see teams of agriculture and environ
12、ment experts making up a global network which would monitor the worlds farming systems. Different farming systems should be studied not only with a view to analyzing the environmental effects, but the social and economic effects as well. The studies would be carried out with a view to stemming pollu
13、tion and erosion and promoting safe, cost-effective practices that will guarantee a secure food supply in the future.Monitoring sites would need to be set up all across the world and data collected in a systematic way. Of course, building the online infrastructure for such a project would cost milli
14、ons of dollars and there would be ongoing costs involved with the monitoring system but the information gathered would go a long way towards solving the problem of feeding the masses and ensuring millions of people dont face a hungry future.填空项 1:_ （正确答案：fishing）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：forestry）解析：填空项 1:_
15、（正确答案：(the) destruction）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：genetic material）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：climate change/global warming）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：policy development/environmental policies）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：global network）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：cost-effective）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：(online) infrastructure）解析：六、Reading Module(总题数：0，分数：0.
16、00)七、READING PASSAGE 1(总题数：3，分数：13.00)Questions 1-5Reading Passage 1 has five sections A-E.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.Write the correct number i-viii in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Financial costsii Decline and disuseiii Birth and
17、 developmentiv Political uses of Nu shuv The social role o fNu shuvi Last of the Nu shu speakersvii Characteristics of written Nu shuviii Revival and contemporary interest（分数：5.00）(1).Section A（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：iii）解析：(2).Section B（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：vii）解析：(3).Section C（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答
18、案：v）解析：(4).Section D（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：ii）解析：(5).Section E（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：viii）解析：Questions 6-7Choose TWO letters A-E.Write your answers in boxes 6-7 on your answer sheet.Why was there a need for Nu shu?Which TWO reasons are given in the text?AIt provided new artistic opportunities for fe
19、male artisans.BIt was a way for uneducated women to read and write.CNot enough women were taking an interest in literature.DIt was a way for women to correspond without men knowing.EIt helped women believe in themselves and their abilities.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：In boxes 8-13
20、 on your answer sheet, write（分数：6.00）(1).The post-Revolution government did not want women to read or write in any language.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：FALSE）解析：(2).At first, the Red Guard thought Nu shu might be a tool for spies.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：(3).Women could be punished with the death p
21、enalty for using Nu shu.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：(4).The customary way of learning Nu shu has died out.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：(5).There is a lot of money to be made out of public interest in Nu shu.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：(6).Nu shu is now being openly taught.（分数：1.00）
22、填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：八、READING PASSAGE 2(总题数：3，分数：13.00)Questions 14-19Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.（分数：6.00）(1).An overview of how the Flytrap eats its prey（分数：1.00）填空
23、项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：(2).A comparison between human and plant behaviour（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：(3).A measure designed to preserve Flytraps in their native environment（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：(4).An example of a cultural and artistic portrayal of meat-eating plants（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：(5).A
24、 characteristic of the Venus Flytrap that is exceptional in the botanical world（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：(6).A reference to an aspect of the Venus Flytraps biology that is not fully understood（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：Questions 20-22Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Pass
25、age 2.Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 20-22 on your answer sheet.（分数：3.00）(1).If they are too small to provide _, the closing pod allows insects to get out.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：useful nourishment）解析：(2).Only the _ is left after the Flytrap has finished digest
26、ing an insect.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：exoskeleton）解析：(3).Many plants cannot survive in bogs and wetlands owing to the lack of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：nitrogen）解析：Questions 23-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet, writ
27、e（分数：4.00）(1).The Venus Flytrap can withstand some exposure to fire.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：(2).Many botanists would like the Venus Flytrap to be officially recognized as an endangered plant species.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：(3).Only 35,800 Venus Flytraps now survive in their natura
28、l habitats.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：FALSE）解析：(4).Human interference is a major factor in the decline of wild Venus Flytraps.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：TRUE）解析：九、READING PASSAGE 3(总题数：3，分数：14.00)Questions 27-33Complete the table below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write you
29、r answers in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet.Growth ModelBasic Needs ApproachSLA(27) was the main goal Typified by small-scale aid such as bealth and (29) Tries to encourage ways of living that are more self-sufficient Poverty described as living on less than a dollPoverty seen as an inability to r
30、each 30 (30) poor people identify thdir own (32) ar a day It was discovered that poverty could increase in step with (28) Projects costly and (31) requiring ongoing involvement The problen of (33) not adequately addressed;& ignores issues of social dominance and authority （分数：7.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Indu
31、strial development）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：economic growth）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：literacy）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：human potential）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：resource-intensive）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：poverty indicators）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：climate change）解析：Questions 34-38Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in
32、Reading Passage 3?In boxes 34-38 on your answer sheet, write（分数：5.00）(1).The most favored method of development is the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：YES）解析：(2).While institutions often follow development trends, academic disputes are more timeless.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：YES
33、）解析：(3).The Growth Model is more popular with Third World scholars than Western scholars.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NOT GIVEN）解析：(4).It is not possible to reduce poverty without an explicit development policy.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：NO）解析：(5).The Growth Model takes some authority away from local forms of
34、 organization.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：YES）解析：Questions 39-40Choose TWO letters A-E.Write your answers in boxes 39-40 on your answer sheet.Which TWO of the following statements form part of the authors conclusion?AEconomic growth is the primary development goal, but there are other factors to consider
35、.BIt is preferable not to think about development in rigid, structured terms.CDevelopment projects are likely to fail in the absence of highly-educated experts.DThe Sustainable Livelihoods Approach is more effective than the Growth Model.EEconomic growth should only be considered as a means for deve
36、lopment, not an endpoint.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：十、Writing ModuleM(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1.WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The bar graph below shows the amount of carbon emissions in different countries during three different years.Summaries the informati
37、on by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Write at least 150 words.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(The bar graph illustrates the quantity of carbon emissions produced by six countries in 1975, 1990 and 2005.The USA emitted the largest amount of carbon for all three years,
38、showing an increase from slightly over 1,200,000 thousand metric tones in 1975 to nisus under 1,600,000 thousand metric tones in 2005. Chinas level of carbon emissions more than doubled from 300,000 thousand metric tones in 1975 to over 600,000 thousand metric tones in 1990, before more than doublin
39、g again to approximately 1.6 million thousand metric tones in 2005. In contrast, Germanys carbon emissions reduced slightly from approximately 250,000 in 1975 and 1990 to roughly 200,000 in 2005. The only other country to reduce emissions was the United Kingdom between 1975 (approximately 180,000) a
40、nd 1990 (about 160,000), although this was quite slight and rose again in 2005 to 170,000. Canadas level increased slightly each year to match the UK in 2005 and carbon emissions in India jumped from approximately 80,000 in 1975 to 380,000 in 2005.On the whole, the two largest contributors to carbon
41、 emissions were the USA and China.)解析：2.WRITING TASK 2You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.Write about the following topic:A number of tertiary courses require students to undertake a period of unpaid work at an institution or organization as part of their programmed.What are the advantage
42、s and disadvantages of this type of course requirement?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.Write at least 250 words.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(As part of a varied and stimulating curriculum, many universities and tertiary providers often offer st
43、udent internships with companies or other organizations as a component of study. This trend has both benefits and drawbacks.One of the main advantages is that an internship in an appropriate place offers students the chance to integrate their theory and knowledge in a real life, practical setting. T
44、he example of student doctors and nurses illustrates the value of practical internships: how else would students learn to practice medicine but in an authentic, supervised context? In addition, internships and practicum placements can often lead to a job opportunity for the student upon graduating,
45、or at the very least a good set of contacts for the commencement of their professional life. In terms of assessment, it also gives the university a clear picture of how the student is progressing against industry standards, and whether the course is meeting the needs of that particular industryHowever, there are several disadvantages to these types of placements. First of all, universities can sometimes have difficulty in securing good quality, suitable placements for their students or, even worse, students are left to their own devices to arrange a pla
