1、完形填空分类练习十及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Aesthetic thought of a distinctively modern bent emerged during the 18th century. The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters (1) natural beauty, the sublime, and representationa trend reflecti
2、ng the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. (2) that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more (3) and has begun to (4) the philosophy of nature. Various issues (5) to the philosophy of art have had a (6) impact (7) the orientation of 20th- century aesthetics.
3、 (8) among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and (9) the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art. Two opposing theoretical positions (10) on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a
4、 means to some recognized moral good, (11) the other maintains that art is intrinsically valuable and is an end in itself. Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing (12) with art as the prime object
5、 of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, (13) have followed (14) of two approaches. In one, criticism is restricted to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. (15) , it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and to (16)
6、 a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad field of knowledge and inquiry. The concerns of contemporary aesthetics include such (17) problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to culture; the (18) o
7、f a history of art; the (19) of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in practical (20) in the conduct of everyday affairs.（分数：20.00）A.forB.asC.toD.withA.SinceB.ForC.AsD.InA.promotionalB.promissoryC.promiscuousD.prominentA.plantB
8、.supplantC.transplantD.replantA.centralB.concentratingC.focusingD.centeringA.markingB.remarkingC.markedD.remarkedA.onB.forC.inD.toA.ForebodingB.ForemostC.ForethoughtfulD.ForegoneA.atB.forC.toD.onA.have broughtB.have been broughtC.have takenD.have been takenA.whereasB.whereinC.whereonD.whereforeA.pre
9、occupancyB.preoccupationC.premonitionD.proportionA.artistsB.writersC.criticsD.analystsA.allB.eitherC.neitherD.noneA.In the other mannerB.In the other wayC.In anotherD.In the otherA.justifyB.justifiedC.justifyingD.having justifiedA.diverseB.dividedC.divineD.dividualA.vicinityB.viabilityC.villainyD.vi
10、sibilityA.relianceB.reliabilityC.reliefD.relevancyA.reasonB.reasonablenessC.reasoningD.reasonability二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for (1) as a means of solving differences that it is not even questioned. There are count
11、ries where the white man (2) his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by (3) fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people (4) both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue (5) violencesas if it were a le
12、gitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it (6) to the crunch, we have made no actual (7) at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war- paint, but our instincts remain (8) unchanged. The whole of the (9) hi
13、story of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more (10) . The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever (11) when we dismally. (12) the s
14、moking ruins and wonder (13) hit us.The (14) reasonable men who know where the solutions (15) are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own (16) because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law (17) . If half the (18)
15、that goes into violent acts were put into good use, if our efforts were (19) on cleaning up the slums and ghettos, on improving living standards and providing education and employment for all, we would not go a long (20) to arriving at a solution.（分数：20.00）A.grantingB.grantedC.being grantedD./A.impo
16、sesB.implementsC.carriesD.regulatesA.givingB.catchingC.settingD.lettingA.atB.onC.byD.alongA.for the sake ofB.for fear ofC.in case ofD.in favor ofA.turnsB.goesC.comesD.bringsA.improvementB.progressC.increaseD.changeA.basicallyB.obviouslyC.necessarilyD.eventuallyA.recordB.recordingC.recordedD.recordsA
17、.severeB.depressedC.explicitD.acuteA.brings to lightB.bring to lightC.comes to lightD.come to lightA.thinkB.considerC.contemplateD.regardA.whatB.thatC.whichD.itA.reallyB.trulyC.absolutelyD.entirelyA.layB.laysC.lieD.liesA.kindB.methodC.rightD.ruleA.regulationB.enforcementC.impositionD.reformA.energyB
18、.attentionC.timeD.supportA.focusedB.involvedC.attractedD.absorbedA.routeB.pathC.wayD.road三、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The heritage of English law brought with it the seeds of American libertynot the flower and the fruit, which were to be produced after long labor and painful struggle. (1) , the seeds
19、were there and they sprouted, took (2) and have continued to grow. To this (3) the inheritance was valuable, but it is not to be denied that even though English law gave us the seeds of liberty, it also (4) us a vast amount of useless lumber that we have not (5) entirelyafter three hundred years of
20、(6) effort.Even the system of trial by jury, in spite of its (7) value, came to us with burdensome, outworn ideas and (8) precautions, (9) the one hand, and with no adequate (10) of adaptation to changing conditions, on the other. For one thing, in the early days it was (11) that ignorance of the fa
21、cts was a (12) of a jurors impartiality. At that time, when means of communication were (13) and slow, there was something to be said for the idea; but today, when means of communication were (14) and almost instantaneous, ignorance of the facts is (15) , not of impartiality, (16) of extraordinary s
22、tupidity, or of extraordinary indifference.The rule that a juror must be (17) of the facts is, therefore, a rule that (18) against, not for the effort to (19) the jury box with honest men of ordinary intelligence. It has become so hopeless, indeed, that the courts literally (20) long ago trying to e
23、nforce it. It is, nevertheless, still a theoretical part of the system.（分数：20.00）A.MeanwhileB.NeverthelessC.ThereforeD.UndoubtedlyA.soilB.muckC.mudD.rootA.extentB.spaceC.areaD.senseA.imposed atB.imposed uponC.imposed inD.imposed towardsA.passed awayB.moved awayC.collected awayD.swept awayA.unceasing
24、B.increasingC.ceasingD.decreasingA.countableB.obviousC.tinyD.enormousA.unnecessaryB.necessaryC.timelyD.reliableA.inB.atC.byD.onA.instructionsB.meansC.wayD.instrumentsA.guessedB.acceptedC.assumedD.acknowledgedA.guaranteeB.promiseC.agreementD.conventionA.fewB.littleC.variousD.vacantA.shortB.plentifulC
25、.ampleD.abundantA.evidenceB.proofC.witnessD.testimonyA.andB.butC.justD.onlyA.ignorantB.illiterateC.unlearnedD.knowledgeableA.supportsB.deniesC.insistsD.operatesA.drainB.competeC.fillD.compareA.ceaseB.ceasedC.has ceasedD.had ceased四、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Perhaps the most startling theory to come o
26、ut of kinetics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical (1) is often culturally programmed. (2) , we learn our lookswe are (3) them. A baby has generally (4) facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrow
27、s by looking at (5) around-family and friends. This helps explain (6) the people of some regions of the United States look so much (7) . New Englanders or Southerners have certain similar facial (8) that cannot be explained by (9) . The (10) shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned afte
28、r. (11) , the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are (12) . For many, this can be (13) adolescence. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We (14) our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a(an) (15) country there are
29、 areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, (16) , the South is the part of the country where people smile most (17) . In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state (18) . Many southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendl
30、y, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in (19) populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than people in rural areas and small towns (20) .（分数：20.00）A.faceB.complexionC.appearanceD.lookA.Then
31、B.In other wordsC.AccordinglyD.HoweverA.bom withB.not born withC.granted byD.carried outA.changeableB.formedC.definiteD.unformedA.WhoB.theseC.personD.thoseA.thatB.phenomenonC.toD.whyA.alikeB.differentC.sameD.likeA.charactersB.characteristicsC.specialtiesD.instinctsA.geneticsB.genesisC.generationD.ge
32、nealogyA.concreteB.specialC.exactD.absoluteA.YetB.FinallyC.In factD.NeverthelessA.producedB.setC.madeD.developedA.well intoB.better intoC.deep inD.deeper intoA.knowB.studyC.leamD.findA.singleB.onlyC.separateD.lonelyA.what is moreB.howeverC.that is to sayD.for exampleA.frequentlyB.commonlyC.usuallyD.
33、regularlyA.stillB.still lessC.much moreD.moreA.crowdedB.barelyC.denselyD.sparselyA.doB.smileC.greetD.does完形填空分类练习十答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Aesthetic thought of a distinctively modern bent emerged during the 18th century. The western philosophers and critics of this time de
34、voted much attention to such matters (1) natural beauty, the sublime, and representationa trend reflecting the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. (2) that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more (3) and has begun to (4) the philosophy of nature. Various is
35、sues (5) to the philosophy of art have had a (6) impact (7) the orientation of 20th- century aesthetics. (8) among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and (9) the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of a
36、rt. Two opposing theoretical positions (10) on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, (11) the other maintains that art is intrinsically valuable and is an end in itself. Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic con
37、cerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing (12) with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, (13) have followed (14) of two approaches. In one, criticism is restricted to the analysis and interpretation o
38、f the work of art. (15) , it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and to (16) a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad field of knowledge and inquiry. The concerns of contemporary aesthetics include such (17) problems as the n
39、ature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to culture; the (18) of a history of art; the (19) of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in practical (20) in the conduct of everyday affairs.（分
40、数：20.00）A.forB.as C.toD.with解析：考点 考查固定搭配。在空格后列举了三个方面，空格前由 such，很容易联想到 suchas这一固定搭配，这一短语表示“诸如”，用来引起后面的列举，故选 B。A.Since B.ForC.AsD.In解析：考点 考查逻辑衔接。根据后文“has become ever moreprominent”使用的时态现在完成时可知，此处要填的是介词since。该句意为“然而，自从那时起，艺术的哲学就变得”。A.promotionalB.promissoryC.promiscuousD.prominent 解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。promo
41、tional 意为“增进的；奖励的”；promissory 意为“约定的，允诺的”；promiscuous?卷为“混杂的，杂乱的”；prominent 意为“突出的，杰出的”。根据上文的 however 可知，西方哲学家关注的重点由自然哲学转向了艺术哲学，因此艺术哲学应该是变得更加突出才对，答案为 D 项 pominent。A.plantB.supplant C.transplantD.replant解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。plant 意为“种植，栽培”；supplant 意为“取代”；transplant 意为“移植；迁移”；replant 意为“改种；再植”。根据前文所说的“艺术哲学
42、变得更加突出”以及可以表示递进关系的 and 可知，艺术哲学的地位渐渐超越了自然哲学，因此答案为 B 项 supplant。A.central B.concentratingC.focusingD.centering解析：考点 考查固定搭配。be central to 为固定搭配，意为“对极为重要”。concentrate 和 focus 都与 on 搭配意为“将注意力集中在”，用在此处讲不通。该句意为“与艺术哲学有关的各种问题对 20 世纪的美学倾向产生了冲击”，因而此处应选 be central to，表示这些问题与艺术哲学之间有着极为重要的关系。A.markingB.remarkingC
43、.marked D.remarked解析：考点 考查词义辨析。malling 为名词“标志；打分”；remarking 为名词“评论”；marked 为形容词“显著的；有标记的”；remarked 为动词或名词“评论；察觉”。用来形容名词 impact 的只能是形容词，因此选 C，即“显著的冲击”。A.on B.forC.inD.to解析：考点 考查固定搭配。impact on 为固定搭配，意为“对产生冲击”，因此选 A。A.ForebodingB.Foremost C.ForethoughtfulD.Foregone解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。四个选项中，foreboding 意为“预感
44、的，不祥之兆的”，foremost 意为“最重要的”，forethoughtful意为“深谋远虑的，有先见之明的”，foregone 意为“过去的，先前的，预知的”。根据下文 Still another far-reaching question(另一个影响深远的问题)可知，此处的问题也有深远的意义，因此只有foremost 符合句意，答案为 B。A.atB.forC.to D.on解析：考点 考查固定搭配。relate to为固定搭配，意为“将与联系起来”。前文提到“relating to the theory fan as form and”，此处由 and 连接的两部分并列，都与 rel
45、ating 相呼应，因而空格处也应该是 to。该句意为“其中最重要的问题是关于将艺术作为形式的理论以及表现和表达之间的区别。”A.have broughtB.have been broughtC.have takenD.have been taken 解析：考点 考查语法结构和固定搭配。句子的主语是 Two opposing theoretical positions，因而谓语应使用被动语态，由此排除 A 和C。takepositions on为固定搭配，意为“在问题上采取态度/姿态”，所以排除 B。该句意为“在这个问题上人们持有两种完全对立的理论观点”，故选 D。A.whereas B.wh
46、ereinC.whereonD.wherefore解析：考点 考查逻辑衔接。根据前后文中的 one 和 the other 可知，这里是在具体列出上文所提到的两个对立观点，四个选项中只有连词 whereas 表示对比，因此选 A。A.preoccupancyB.preoccupation C.premonitionD.proportion解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。preoccupancy 意为“先占，先取”；preoccupation 意为“全神贯注，入神；关注的事物”；premonition 意为“预告，征兆”；proportion 意为“比例”。根据上句中的 one of the ba
47、sic concerns of aesthetics 和该句前半部分的 also 可知，该空格处所应填入的名词也是人们很关注的一种事物，只有 preoccupation 符合该文意，preoccupation with 为固定搭配，意为“对很关注”，故选 B。A.artistsB.writersC.critics D.analysts解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。arfist 意为“艺术家”；writer 意为“作家”；critic 意为“评论家；批评者”；analyst 意为“分析师”。由下文的 criticism 可知该空为 critic。A.allB.either C.neitherD.
48、none解析：考点 考查固定搭配。all of 意为“不少于”，all 表示数量时至少应有三个；either of 意为“两者之一”；neither of 意为“两个都不是”；none of 意为“三个以上都不”。根据文中的“of two approaches”和 in one 可以首先排除 A 和 D，因为根据后文列举的两种情况可知，作者并非否定了两者，因此句意是“批判家要么采取了这种方法，要么采取了那种方法”，正确答案为 B。A.In the other mannerB.In the other wayC.In anotherD.In the other 解析：考点 考查逻辑衔接。根据前文
49、的 two approaches 和 in one 可知，文章已经解释了两方面中的一方面，此处应为 in the other，引出“另一方面”，因此本题选 D。A.justifyB.justifiedC.justifying D.having justified解析：考点 考查语法结构。前文提到“it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and”，由 and连接的两部分为并列关系，都与 devoted 相呼应，因此在形式上要保持一致，故本题选 C 项justifying。该句意为“它致力于对具有美学价值的物体做出反应以及为一种特定的感知这一物体的方式辩护”。A.diverse B.dividedC.divineD.dividual解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。diverse 意为“不同的，多种多样的”；divided 意为“分开的，分裂的；有分歧的”；divine 意为“神圣的，非凡的”；dividual 意为“可分开的”。从该句到文章结尾列举的都是其中的问题，可见能形容这些问题的只有 diverse 了，
