1、完形填空分类练习十二及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Model Test 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Researchers have established that when people are mentally (1) , biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to (2) more effectively in cognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true (3) age.People will be a
2、lert and (4) if they are faced with information that (5) them to think about things they are (6) in. And someone with a history of doing more (7) less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active (8) Many experts are so convinced (9) the benefits of challenging
3、the brain that they are (10) the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not (11) to learn to memorize enormous (12) of information,“ says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. “Most of us dont need that kind of skill. Such specific training is (13) less intere
4、st than being able to maintain mental (14) .“ Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, (15) because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the (16) their brains work.Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute,
5、says that we are frequently advised to keep (17) active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who (18) are more (19) to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. And intellectual activity actually (20) brain-cell health a
6、nd size.（分数：20.00）A.strengthenedB.alertC.engagedD.activatedA.actB.thinkC.learnD.respondA.as toB.regardless ofC.in spite ofD.despiteA.deceptiveB.inceptiveC.perceptiveD.receptiveA.makesB.letsC.pushesD.getsA.familiarB.interestedC.impressedD.attractedA.rather thanB.other thanC.instead ofD.in place ofA.b
7、rainB.mindC.intellectD.mentalityA.withB.atC.ofD.inA.puttingB.tryingC.usingD.layingA.certainlyB.necessarilyC.immediatelyD.quicklyA.numberB.numbersC.amountD.amountsA.ofB.inC.withD.atA.functionB.alertnessC.activityD.shapeA.bothB.notC.andD.whichA.styleB.effectC.efficiencyD.wayA.bodilyB.physicallyC.spiri
8、tuallyD.intellectuallyA.doB.actC.workD.laughA.possibleB.ableC.likelyD.oftenA.affectsB.influencesC.reflectsD.changes二、Model Test 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, (1) its picking one of thirty-one ice cream (2) , or deciding whether and when to get
9、married. That sounds like a (3) thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us confused, even paralyzed (4) indecision. “Thats particularly true (5) it comes to the work place,“ says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human behavior. Students (6) with a variety of ski
10、lls and interests, but often find themselves (7) when they are to choose an ultimate career (8) . In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students (9) their senior year.Based on answers to questions (10) their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the students i
11、nto two groups: maximizers, who (11) every possible option, and satisricers, who look until they find an option that is good enough. You might (12) that the student who had undertaken the most (13) search would be the most satisfied with their final decision, but it (14) thats not true. Schwartz fou
12、nd that while maximizers ended up (15) betterpaying jobs than satisficers on (16) , they werent (17) happy with their decision. The reason why these people feel less satisfied is that a world of possibilities may also be a world of (18) opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you (19)
13、 to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person is more acutely (20) of the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career.（分数：20.00）A.such asB.eitherC.whetherD.even ifA.tastesB.flavorsC.varietiesD.stylesA.nastyB.greatC.reasonableD.comm
14、onA.withB.ofC.atD.fromA.whenB.asC.beforeD.afterA.graduateB.are graduatingC.have graduatedD.graduatedA.overwhelmedB.overexcitedC.dumbfoundedD.stupefiedA.directionB.choiceC.pursuitD.goalA.beforeB.afterC.fromD.duringA.regardlessB.regardingC.regarding ofD.as regardA.likeB.chooseC.considerD.denyA.knowB.a
15、greeC.argueD.expectA.exhaustB.exhaustingC.exhaustedD.exhaustionA.turns awayB.turns inC.turns outD.turns againstA.inB.atC.toD.withA.equalB.averageC.termsD.percentageA.soB.thatC.asD.lessA.missingB.missedC.gainingD.gainedA.tendB.obligeC.usedD.inclineA.affirmativeB.clearC.regretfulD.aware三、Model Test 3(
16、总题数：1，分数：20.00)There was a time in my life when people asked (1) for stories about what its like to work in a field (2) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because (3) I never found them interesting. (4) I do find interesting is the origin of the universe and the nature of black h
17、oles.At 19, (5) I began studying astrophysics, it did not (6) me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while (7) my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the (8) started to trouble me. My every achievement-jobs, research papers, (9) -was viewed through the le
18、ns of gender politics. (10) were my failures.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth (11) a sentence that would eventually become my reply (12) any and all of these: I dont talk about that anymore. It (13) me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didnt want to (
19、14) with gender issues.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a womens college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many (15) the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will (16) their
20、scientific research and a desire (17) children. And I dont dismiss those concerns. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And (18) they have given me the image of 45 women(19) by a love of science. And thats a sight (20) tal
21、king about.（分数：20.00）A.continuallyB.continuouslyC.constantlyD.unceasinglyA.dominatedB.commandedC.dictatedD.prevailedA.factuallyB.intentionallyC.basicallyD.truthfullyA.ButB.WhetherC.WhatD.ThoughA.asB.whenC.sinceD.afterA.stressB.molestC.interfereD.botherA.earningB.learningC.studyingD.rewardingA.questi
22、onB.subjectC.issueD.disputeA.rewardsB.awardsC.prizesD.cupsA.AsB.SameC.BothD.SoA.wentB.cameC.saidD.spokeA.toB.forC.atD.inA.spentB.tookC.costD.consumedA.handle withB.deal withC.meet withD.settle withA.inB.withinC.amongD.ofA.makeB.handleC.ensureD.manageA.forB.atC.toD.inA.in contrastB.in comparisonC.in
23、turnD.in returnA.educatedB.admiredC.devotedD.drivenA.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthy of完形填空分类练习十二答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Model Test 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Researchers have established that when people are mentally (1) , biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to (2) more effectively in c
24、ognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true (3) age.People will be alert and (4) if they are faced with information that (5) them to think about things they are (6) in. And someone with a history of doing more (7) less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who
25、has not had an active (8) Many experts are so convinced (9) the benefits of challenging the brain that they are (10) the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not (11) to learn to memorize enormous (12) of information,“ says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Agi
26、ng. “Most of us dont need that kind of skill. Such specific training is (13) less interest than being able to maintain mental (14) .“ Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, (15) because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities
27、will help the (16) their brains work.Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, says that we are frequently advised to keep (17) active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who (18) are more (19) to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally
28、happier and better adjusted. And intellectual activity actually (20) brain-cell health and size.（分数：20.00）A.strengthenedB.alertC.engaged D.activated解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。mentally engaged：动脑筋，思考问题。与第二段“think about things they are interested in”的 think about 相对应。A.act B.thinkC.learnD.respond解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。thin
29、k 和 respond 在意义上无法与 effectively 搭配。本句的意思是研究者证实，当人们处于思考状态时，大脑中产生的生物化学变化会使得大脑在诸如注意力和记忆力等认知领域的活动更为有效。A.as toB.regardless of C.in spite ofD.despite解析：详细解答 逻辑关系题。regardless of：不管，不顾，在此表示与年龄无关；despite，in spite of 意为“尽管”；as to：至于。A.deceptiveB.inceptiveC.perceptiveD.receptive 解析：详细解答 形容词辨析题。receptive：善于接受(新
30、思想)的；deceptive：欺骗的；inceptive：期初的；perceptive：感知的。A.makesB.letsC.pushesD.gets 解析：详细解答 动词辨析题。get sb.to think：使去思考。make 后面应该省略 to；let 和 push的意思都不合适。A.familiarB.interested C.impressedD.attracted解析：详细解答 语义衔接、介词搭配题。此处的意思是人们会对“感兴趣的”事情进行思考。此外，只有 interested 的介词搭配为 in。A.rather than B.other thanC.instead ofD.in
31、 place of解析：详细解答 逻辑关系题。根据句意，一贯喜欢多思考而非少思考的人老了以后其认知能力更加健全。rather than：是(前者)而非(后者)；other than：除了之外；instead of 和 in place of 表示替代。A.brainB.mind C.intellectD.mentality解析：详细解答 名词辨析题。mind：思想感知或思维能力。brain：(人体器官)大脑；intellect：智力；mentality：智力，心态。A.withB.atC.of D.in解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。be convinced of：相信，确信。A.putting
32、B.tryingC.usingD.laying解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。put the theory to work：将理论付诸实践。A.certainlyB.necessarily C.immediatelyD.quickly解析：详细解答 逻辑关系题。根据下文“most of us dont need that kind of skill”可知，多动脑并不是指“必需”(necessarily)记住大量的信息。A.numberB.numbersC.amountD.amounts 解析：详细解答 词组辨析题。四个词都表示数量大。amounts of 和 an amount of 后接不可数名
33、词；numbers of 和 a number of 后接可数名词的复数形式。由此可见 amount 和 number 在使用单数形式时都应在前面加不定冠词。A.of B.inC.withD.at解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。be of interest：有意义。 “be of+名词”的结构相当于“be+(该名词的)形容词。A.functionB.alertness C.activityD.shape解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据上文可知，研究者认为专门进行记忆力训练不如让人的大脑总是保持活跃或敏锐的状态。A.both B.notC.andD.which解析：详细解答 逻辑关系题。这里是 bo
34、thand结构，表示并列关系。A.styleB.effectC.efficiencyD.way 解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。四个选项中只有(the)way 后面少跟一个省略介词及关系代词 which 的宾语从句，本句在 way 之后省略了 in which。另外从语义上来讲，选 way(方式)最合适。A.bodilyB.physically C.spirituallyD.intellectually解析：详细解答 语义衔接及结构题。根据后文 mentally(头脑方面地)，得知这里需要与之对应的physically(身体地)一词。A.do B.actC.workD.laugh解析：详细解答 逻
35、辑关系题。who do 是修饰 those 的定语从句，those 表示前文那些 mentally active 的人。“do”替代“keep mentally active”这一行为。A.possibleB.ableC.likely D.often解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。be likely to do sth：极有可能做某事。possible 不能以人作主语。A.affectsB.influences C.reflectsD.changes解析：详细解答 动词辨析题。influence 表示较好的影响，而 affect 往往表示不好的影响。根据意思，智力活动对脑细胞的健康和大小都会产生影
36、响，而这种影响是积极的。二、Model Test 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, (1) its picking one of thirty-one ice cream (2) , or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a (3) thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us co
37、nfused, even paralyzed (4) indecision. “Thats particularly true (5) it comes to the work place,“ says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human behavior. Students (6) with a variety of skills and interests, but often find themselves (7) when they are to choose an ultimate career (8) . In a
38、study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students (9) their senior year.Based on answers to questions (10) their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: maximizers, who (11) every possible option, and satisricers, who look until they find a
39、n option that is good enough. You might (12) that the student who had undertaken the most (13) search would be the most satisfied with their final decision, but it (14) thats not true. Schwartz found that while maximizers ended up (15) betterpaying jobs than satisficers on (16) , they werent (17) ha
40、ppy with their decision. The reason why these people feel less satisfied is that a world of possibilities may also be a world of (18) opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you (19) to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person is mor
41、e acutely (20) of the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career.（分数：20.00）A.such asB.eitherC.whether D.even if解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。whether 在这里引导的是状语从句，表示“不管或是”，常与“or”连用。A.tastesB.flavors C.varietiesD.styles解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据上文的意思，有时我们面临的选择太多，以至于眼花缭乱。在吃冰激凌时，冰激凌往往有多种口味(flavors)供人选择，如：香草味(va
42、nilla)，巧克力味(chocolate)等等。taste 表示“(酸甜苦辣等)味道”；variety 表示“品种”；style 意为“风格”。A.nastyB.great C.reasonableD.common解析：详细解答 逻辑关系题。因为下文紧接着出现了转折“but”，同时表示太多选择造成人们的困惑，因此该句在逻辑意义上应该是肯定的。A.with B.ofC.atD.from解析：详细解答 介词辨析题。with 在此表示“由于，因为(because of)”，如：They were trembling with fear他们因为害怕而发抖。A.when B.asC.beforeD.a
43、fter解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。when it comes to是固定用法，表示“当说到时”。A.graduateB.are graduating C.have graduatedD.graduated解析：详细解答 时态用法题。根据下文意思，学生们虽然兴趣多样，掌握各种能力，但当面临择业时他们却不知所措。因此可知，学生们尚未毕业，are graduating 表示“即将毕业”。A.overwhelmed B.overexcitedC.dumbfoundedD.stupefied解析：详细解答 形容词辨析题。这句的意思是选择太多，造成学生“不知所措(overwhelmed)”。overex
44、cited：过于激动；dumbfounded：因吃惊或不解而说不出话来；stupefied：极为惊讶，被麻醉。A.directionB.choiceC.pursuitD.goal 解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。本句说的是学生选择最终的职业目标，因此 career goal 这一固定用法最符合题意。A.beforeB.afterC.fromD.during 解析：详细解答 介词辨析题。during：在期间，在(某段时间)内。根据句意，Schwartz 观察了大学四年级学生在这一年中选择职业的决策过程。A.regardlessB.regarding C.regarding ofD.as regard
45、解析：详细解答 词汇辨析题。regarding：关于，有关。此处需要介词，而这四个词中只有 regarding为介词。regardless 必须与介词 of 连用，表示“不管，不顾”；as regard 必须与介词 to 连用，意为“有关，关于”；regard of 这个词组不存在。A.likeB.chooseC.consider D.deny解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据文章可知有两类学生，一类是对所有的可能性都加以考虑之后再做出选择，另一类是一旦找到中意的工作就接受，四个选项中只有 consider 符合句意。A.knowB.agreeC.argueD.expect 解析：详细解答 语义
46、衔接题。作者认为，一般的人可能会猜测那些考虑了所有选择的人最终会对自己的决定最为满意，然而事实并非如此。expect：预期，预测。A.exhaustB.exhaustingC.exhausted D.exhaustion解析：详细解答 词义辨析题。这里需要一个形容词修饰后面的名词，意为学生在找工作时穷尽所有可能，exhausted：用完的，用尽的；exhausting：令人精疲力竭的。A.turns awayB.turns inC.turns out D.turns against解析：详细解答 词义辨析题。turn out：结果是(往往指出人意料的结果)。turns away：赶走；turn
47、s in：上交；turns against：对抗。A.inB.atC.toD.with 解析：详细解答 介词辨析题。maximizers 努力的结果是最终有了一个好工作，with 在此表示拥有。end up in 也可以表示结果，但表示事情发展的结果，如果使用这个词组本句子应改写为：“maximizerssearch ended up in beaer-paying jobs”。A.equalB.average C.termsD.percentage解析：详细解答 固定搭配题。on average：平均。A.soB.thatC.as D.less解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据句意，作者对 m
48、aximizers 和 satisiricers 进行了一个对比，虽然前者所找的工作收入一般高于后者，但在快乐感上却比后者要低。notas 在本句中表示“不到，少于”，相当于 less than。A.missingB.missed C.gainingD.gained解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据上文，对于 maximizers 来说，一大堆的选择也就意味着一大堆的机会会失去。missed：错过的。A.tend B.obligeC.usedD.incline解析：详细解答 词义辨析题。tend to：通常会，往往会。be obliged to：必须；used to：过去常常；be inclin
49、ed to：倾向于。A.affirmativeB.clearC.regretfulD.aware 解析：详细解答 语义衔接题。根据上文可知，那些对所有选项逐一挑选的 maximizers 更加清楚地认识到，由于选择只有一个，因此不得不放弃很多的机会。这也就是为什么他们的幸福感要更低一些。三、Model Test 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)There was a time in my life when people asked (1) for stories about what its like to work in a field (2) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because (3) I never found them interesting. (4) I do find interesting is the origin of the universe and th
