1、完形填空分类练习三及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit“ in society. In our everyday lives, we mentally (1) place people in terms (2) their statuses. For example, we must (3) whe
2、ther the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our (4) is a thief or a meter (5) , and so on. The statuses we (6) often vary with the people we encounter, and change (7) life.Most of us can, at very
3、high speed, assume the statuses that (8) situations require. Much of social (9) consists of identifying and selecting among (10) statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in (11) to us. This means that we (12) our actions to those of other people based on a (13) mental process of (
4、14) and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather (15) .A status has been compared to (16) clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or
5、 that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing (17) by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook. Having made a choice within these limits, we can have certain (18) made, but apart from (19) adjustments, we tend to be limit
6、ed to (20) the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.（分数：20.00）A.aim toB.attempt toC.ascribe toD.ascertain toA.ofB.withC.atD.inA.proveB.depictC.judgeD.exemplifyA.propertyB.owningC.possessionD.estateA.measurerB.counterC.evaluatorD.read
7、erA.assertB.proposeC.discernD.assumeA.throughoutB.overC.onD.acrossA.similarB.variousC.unanimousD.certainA.confrontationB.encounterC.contradictionD.interactionA.particularB.adequateC.appropriateD.authenticA.relationB.relevanceC.reconciliationD.relianceA.takeB.putC.imposeD.fitA.continualB.constantC.co
8、nsistentD.consecutiveA.appraisalB.praiseC.evaluationD.measureA.hardB.effortlesslyC.badlyD.intricatelyA.home-madeB.well-madeC.man-madeD.ready-madeA.presentedB.illustratedC.demonstratedD.fabricatedA.variationsB.changesC.alterationsD.adaptationsA.majorB.minorC.tinyD.bigA.whichB.thatC.whatD./二、Passage 2
9、(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is (1) to say it anyway. He is that (2) bird, a scientist who works independently (3) any institution. He helped popularize the idea th
10、at some diseases not (4) thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.(5) he, however, might tremble at the (6) of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only (7) that
11、one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group (8) are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, (9) 12-15 points above the (10) value of 10
12、0, and have contributed (11) to the intellectual and chloral life of the West, as the (12) of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, (13) . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, (14) , have previo
13、usly been thought unrelated. The former has been (15) to social effects, such as a strong tradition of (16) education. The latter was seen as a (an) (17) of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately (18) . His argument is that the unusual history of th
14、ese people has (19) them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this (20) state of affairs.（分数：20.00）A.selectedB.preparedC.obligedD.pleasedA.uniqueB.particularC.specialD.rareA.ofB.withC.inD.againstA.subsequentlyB.presentlyC.previouslyD.latelyA.OnlyB.SoC.EvenD.HenceA.thoughtB.sightC.c
15、ostD.riskA.advisesB.suggestsC.protestsD.objectsA.in progressB.in factC.in needD.in questionA.attainingB.scoringC.reachingD.calculatingA.normalB.commonC.meanD.totalA.unconsciouslyB.disproportionatelyC.indefinitelyD.unaccountablyA.missionsB.fortunesC.interestsD.careersA.affirmB.witnessC.observeD.appro
16、veA.moreoverB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhileA.put upB.put overC.put forwardD.put downA.assessingB.supervisingC.administeringD.valuingA.developmentB.originC.consequenceD.instrumentA.linkedB.integratedC.wovenD.combinedA.limitedB.subjectedC.convertedD.directedA.paradoxicalB.incompatibleC.inevitableD.con
17、tinuous三、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)All Americans are at least vaguely (1) with the plight of the American Indian. Cutbacks in federal programs for Indians have made their problems (2) more severe in recent years. Josephy reports, “ (3) 1981 it was estimated that cutbacks in federal programs for India
18、ns totaled about $500 million“ or more than ten times the cuts affecting their (4) fellow Americans. Additional cuts seem to be threatened in the future. This reduced funding is affecting almost all (5) of reservation life, (6) education. If the Indians could (7) their (8) problems, solutions to man
19、y of their other problems might not be far behind. In this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9) and some ways of improving this education will be proposed.Whether to (10) with the dominant American culture or to (11) Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in I
20、ndian education. After the Civil War full responsibility for Indian education was turned over by the government to churches and missionary groups. The next fifty years became a period of (12) assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education.John Collier, a reform
21、er who agitated (13) Indians and their culture (14) the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different idea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools should encourage and (15) it.Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16) . More and more Indians are gr
22、aduating from high school and college and becoming (17) for jobs in the non-Indian society. “When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed.“ (18) approximately 90 percent of all Indian children are educated in state public school systems. (19)
23、well these children compete with the members of the dominant society, however, is another (20) .（分数：20.00）A.agreeableB.regardlessC.familiarD.sympatheticA.evenB.everC.greatlyD.furtherA.SinceB.Up toC.BeforeD.By the end ofA.non-IndianB.IndianC.previousD.formerA.respectsB.aspectsC.kindsD.partsA.exceptB.
24、regardingC.besidesD.includingA.solveB.dissolveC.dealD.treatA.culturalB.educationalC.socialD.severeA.estimatedB.evaluatedC.settledD.decidedA.agreeB.push forwardC.assimilateD.dealA.preserveB.reserveC.conserveD.detainA.enforcedB.overallC.contemptuousD.unbelievableA.in favor ofB.on behalf ofC.side by si
25、de withD.far behindA.inB.throughC.fromD.duringA.realizeB.assimilateC.acknowledgeD.revitalizeA.yetB.furthermoreC.howeverD.just the sameA.availableB.reachableC.suitableD.eligibleA.In the futureB.In the pastC.At presentD.MaybeA.HowB.ThatC.WhatD.WhetherA.questionB.issueC.aspectD.matter四、Passage 4(总题数：1，
26、分数：20.00)In the United States, the first day-nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the (1) half of the 19th century; most of (2) were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day-nursery movement received great (3) during the First World War, when (4)
27、 of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established (5) in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. (6) the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose (7) , this rise was accomplished without government a
28、id of any kind. During the years following the First World War, (8) , Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of (9) the day nurseries, chiefly by (10) them and by inspection and regulating the condition within the nurseries.The (11) of the Second World War was qu
29、ickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were (12) called upon to replace men in the factories. On this (13) the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, (14) $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery-school program f
30、or the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities (15) this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared (16) in day-care centers receiving Federal (17) . Soon afterward, the Federal government (18) cut down its expenditures for
31、 this purpose and later (19) them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their (20) at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.（分数：20.00）A.latterB.lateC.otherD.firstA.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whomA.impetusB
32、.inputC.imitationD.initiativeA.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reductionA.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.evenA./B.AsC.SinceD.AlthoughA.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantlyA.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreoverA.control overB.controlling overC.control atD.control aboutA.formulatingB.labelingC
33、.patentingD.licensingA.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdownA.againB.thusC.repeatedlyD.yetA.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situationA.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferringA.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensatedA.byB.afterC.ofD.forA.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgetsA.prev
34、alentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drasticallyA.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precludedA.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children完形填空分类练习三答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “
35、fit“ in society. In our everyday lives, we mentally (1) place people in terms (2) their statuses. For example, we must (3) whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our (4) is a thief or a me
36、ter (5) , and so on. The statuses we (6) often vary with the people we encounter, and change (7) life.Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that (8) situations require. Much of social (9) consists of identifying and selecting among (10) statuses and allowing other people to assume
37、their statuses in (11) to us. This means that we (12) our actions to those of other people based on a (13) mental process of (14) and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather (15) .A status has been compared to (16) clothes. Within ce
38、rtain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing (17) by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook.
39、 Having made a choice within these limits, we can have certain (18) made, but apart from (19) adjustments, we tend to be limited to (20) the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.（分数：20.00）A.aim toB.attempt to C.ascribe toD.ascertain
40、to解析：考点 考查动词辨析。aim to 意为“目的在于，旨在”；attempt to 意为“努力；尝试”；ascribeto意为“把归于”。ascertain 意为“确定，查明”，后面不接 to。该句意为“在日常生活中，我们总是试图按照他人的身份来为其定位”。attempt to 最符合题意。A.of B.withC.atD.in解析：考点 考查固定搭配。ill terms of 为固定搭配，意为“按照，从方面来说”。A.proveB.depictC.judge D.exemplify解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。prove 意；为“证明”；depict 意为“描述”；judge
41、 意为“判断”；exemplify 意为“例证”。该句意为“例如，我们必须判断图书馆里的一个人是读者还是图书管理员”。这里的 judge 和前文出现的determine 构成同义词复现，故选 C。A.property B.owningC.possessionD.estate解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。property 意为“财产，房产”；owning 意为“拥有物”；possession 意为“所有物，财产”；estate 意为“地产”。该句意为“我们必须判断出现在我们_前的是盗贼还是抄表的。”由此可见空格处应填入的是一个表示“房子”含义的名词。estate 一般用于比较专业的情况，如：re
42、al estate(房地产)。owning 和 possession 的含义都包括“房产”，但是要用复数，所以正确答案只能是 A。A.measurerB.counterC.evaluatorD.reader 解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。在英语中，查水表、电表、天然气表等的人，都叫做 meter-reader，属于名词与名词的修饰搭配，故选D。A.assertB.proposeC.discernD.assume 解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。assett 意为“断言”；propose 意为“建议”；discern 意为“辨别”；assume 意；为“假定；呈现”。该句意为“我们呈现的社会身份会
43、随着我们所遇到的人的不同而有所变化，而且在我们的一生中都在不断变化”。“呈现某种身份”在英语中使用动词 assume。此外，在后文中也出现了动宾短语 assume the statuses，属于原词复现。A.throughout B.overC.onD.across解析：考点 考查固定搭配。考查介词的用法，change throughout life 的意思是“一生之中都在变化”。A.similarB.various C.unanimousD.certain解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。similar 意为“类似的”；various 意为“各种各样的”；unanimous 意为“一
44、致的”；ceitain 意为“一定的”。前文出现了 vary 和 change 等词，根据同义词复现的线索，此处应为 various。该句意为“我们中的大部分人都能够快速地呈现不同的情况所要求的社会身份”。A.confrontationB.encounterC.contradictionD.interaction 解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。confrontation 意为“对抗”；encounter 意为“遇到”；contradiction 意为“矛盾”；interaction 意为“交互作用”。该句意为“社会_就是识别、选择社会身份，并且允许他人呈现与我们相关的社会身份”，故选 D。so
45、cial interaction 即意为“社会交往”。A.particularB.adequateC.appropriate D.authentic解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。particular 意为“特别的”；adequate 意为“足够的”；appropriate 意为“适当的”；authentic 意为“真的；可靠的”。根据上下文可知，此处应是指“正确的、适当的社会身份”，故本题选 C。A.relation B.relevanceC.reconciliationD.reliance解析：考点 考查固定搭配。C 项 reconciliation 意为“和解”，与上下文意群不符，可先排
46、除，其余三个选项的词根相近，都有“关于，涉及”之意，relation 意为“关系”；relevance 意为“相关性”；reliance 意为“依赖，依靠”。符合语法和文意的搭配是 in relation to，表示“与有关”。A.takeB.putC.imposeD.fit 解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。该空格处所填入的单词与后面的 to 相搭配，taketo意为“将带到某处”；putto意为“将放置在某处”；impose 意；为“强加”，后面介词常常用 on；fitto意为“使适于”。此处意为“这意味着我们要使自己的行为适于他人的行为”。四个选项中，只有 fit 与题意相符。A.conti
47、nualB.constant C.consistentD.consecutive解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。continual 意为“频频，接连不断地”，意味着不存在间断；constant 意为“不变的，持续的”，侧重于事件发生的稳定性和持续性以及经久不变的特点；consistent 意为“一致的”，经常用于固定搭配 be consistent with 表示“符合，一致”；consecutive 意为“连贯的，连续的”。该空格处所应填入的形容词与 mental 一同修饰 process，纵览选项可知此处要表达的是“一个持续的精神过程”，故本题选 B。A.appraisal B.prais
48、eC.evaluationD.measure解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。appraisal 意为“估计，评价”；praise 意为“表扬”；evaluation 意为“评估”；measure 意为“测量”。四个选项中较难区别的是 appraisal 和 evaluation，appraisal 指的是评审某物的质量，或估计某人的才能等；evaluation 更为正式，一般指的是为查明事情的本质而进行的大量判断与分析，此处更符合语境的是 A 项。A.hardB.effortlessly C.badlyD.intricately解析：考点 考查副词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。该句意为“虽然有些人会觉得这
49、项任务要比其他任务难，但是大部分人却_完成它”。四个选项中，hard 意为“困难地”；effortlessly 意为“毫不费力地”；badly 意为“糟糕地”；intricately 意为“杂乱地”。句子的前半句中出现了 difficult，并且两个分句是转折关系，根据反义同现原则，该空应填 effortlessly。A.home-madeB.well-madeC.man-madeD.ready-made 解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。home-made 意为“家庭自制的”；well-made 意为“制作精良的”；man-made 意为“人造的”；ready-made clothes 是固定用法，意为“成衣”。另外，根据下文的“Statuses too come ready made”也可以进一步确定本题选 D。A.presented B.illustratedC.demonstratedD.fabricated解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。present 意为“提出；呈现”；illustrate 意为“举例说明”；demonstrate 意为“论证”；fabricate意为“制造；伪造”。
