1、完形、翻译-测试(六)及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Directions：There are(总题数：1，分数：70.00)IQ scores have risen sharply over the past decades“This (62) our belief about the (63) of IQ, “says psychologist Ulrich Neisser of Cornell University “Its in evidence that you can indeed change it“Theres just one little prob
2、lemLeaving aside for the very real question of (64) IQ is truly a proxy(代表)for intelligence, scientists cant explain what has made IQ scores increasesNeither nature (65) nurture answers the question, for different reasonsLots of data, from twin studies to adoption research, suggests that genes (66)
3、some 75 percent of the difference between individualsIQ by late adolescencePsychologists who study intelligence mostly agree that hereditary factors (67) the lions share of IQ difference“Its been a (68) “, says William Dickens of the Brookings Institution“The high inheritability of IQ suggests that
4、environment is (69) powerful“To (70) the mystery, Dickens (71) up with James Flynn, who in 1987 discovered the IQ rise, now called the Flynn effectIn a study being published this week in Psychological Review, the duo offer an explanation that not only might (72) the paradox but may also (73) on the
5、forces that (74) intelligence“Peoples IQs are affected by both environment and genes, but their environments are matched to their IQs, “the researchers conclude (75) genes do indeed have an important effect：they cause people to seek out certain environments and life experiencesIf you have a biologic
6、al (76) in intelligence, you will likely enjoy school, books, puzzles, asking questions and thinking abstractly, all of which will tend to (77) your innate brainpower“Higher IQ leads one into better environments, causing still higher IQ, “says Dickens and Flynn (78) multiplier effect(倍数效应), you will
7、 likely study even more, haunt the library, pester(纠缠)adults with questions and choose bright peers as friends, boosting your intelligence yet againAs far as scientists can tell, experiences that (79) the intelligence of someone born with an IQ edge have just about the same (80) effect on people of
8、average intelligenceIn other words, whether you seek out an IQboosting environment or whether it finds you (81) no differenceIn either case, experiences and the social and technological surround should work their magicThis effect may account for the IQ rise over the decades（分数：70.00）A.reinforcesB.en
9、hancesC.shattersD.exploresA.seriousnessB.stabilityC.rigidityD.foundationA.whyB.whetherC.whatD.thatA.andB.orC.norD.butA.account forB.respond toC.take upD.match toA.resolveB.explainC.exhibitD.displayA.dilemmaB.paradoxC.contractionD.conflictA.overwhelminglyB.fundamentallyC.admittedlyD.adequatelyA.retri
10、eveB.untangleC.repelD.dissipateA.cameB.fitC.caughtD.teamedA.resolveB.revolveC.reviveD.relieveA.startB.turnC.shed lightD.pressA.effectB.shapeC.inspireD.driveA.In a wordB.In other wordsC.HoweverD.HenceA.edgeB.priorityC.effectD.precedenceA.determineB.accumulateC.consolidateD.amplifyA.DespiteB.Thanks to
11、C.GrantedD.ProvidedA.boostB.boothC.bootD.boomA.influentialB.positiveC.potentialD.prospectiveA.makesB.impliesC.suggestsD.represents二、Directions：Complete (总题数：5，分数：35.00)1.All people want to know_(到底是什么引发了 这起事故)（分数：7.00）_2._(一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖 于)the quality of education of its people（分数：7.00）_3.The bel
12、ief_(应该尽最大努力做好工作) made me succeed（分数：7.00）_4._(他被指控蓄意谋杀)，so he was sentenced to death（分数：7.00）_5._(正在进行精心的准备)for the Prime Ministers official visit to the four foreign countries（分数：7.00）_完形、翻译-测试(六)答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Directions：There are(总题数：1，分数：70.00)IQ scores have risen sharply over the
13、past decades“This (62) our belief about the (63) of IQ, “says psychologist Ulrich Neisser of Cornell University “Its in evidence that you can indeed change it“Theres just one little problemLeaving aside for the very real question of (64) IQ is truly a proxy(代表)for intelligence, scientists cant expla
14、in what has made IQ scores increasesNeither nature (65) nurture answers the question, for different reasonsLots of data, from twin studies to adoption research, suggests that genes (66) some 75 percent of the difference between individualsIQ by late adolescencePsychologists who study intelligence mo
15、stly agree that hereditary factors (67) the lions share of IQ difference“Its been a (68) “, says William Dickens of the Brookings Institution“The high inheritability of IQ suggests that environment is (69) powerful“To (70) the mystery, Dickens (71) up with James Flynn, who in 1987 discovered the IQ
16、rise, now called the Flynn effectIn a study being published this week in Psychological Review, the duo offer an explanation that not only might (72) the paradox but may also (73) on the forces that (74) intelligence“Peoples IQs are affected by both environment and genes, but their environments are m
17、atched to their IQs, “the researchers conclude (75) genes do indeed have an important effect：they cause people to seek out certain environments and life experiencesIf you have a biological (76) in intelligence, you will likely enjoy school, books, puzzles, asking questions and thinking abstractly, a
18、ll of which will tend to (77) your innate brainpower“Higher IQ leads one into better environments, causing still higher IQ, “says Dickens and Flynn (78) multiplier effect(倍数效应), you will likely study even more, haunt the library, pester(纠缠)adults with questions and choose bright peers as friends, bo
19、osting your intelligence yet againAs far as scientists can tell, experiences that (79) the intelligence of someone born with an IQ edge have just about the same (80) effect on people of average intelligenceIn other words, whether you seek out an IQboosting environment or whether it finds you (81) no
20、 differenceIn either case, experiences and the social and technological surround should work their magicThis effect may account for the IQ rise over the decades（分数：70.00）A.reinforcesB.enhancesC.shatters D.explores解析：解析 文章开头提到，人们的智商得分在过去几十年中急剧上升，而本段最后又说，这表明智商是可以改变的，结合选项可知，空格处应该是说：智商的得分急剧上升打破了人们认为智商是不
21、变的想法，故 本题答案应为 shatters(打破，动摇)，而 63 题答案应为 C)rigidity (不变，僵化)。本题其他几个选项 A)reinforces(加强，加固)、 B)enhances(提高，增强)、D)explores(探险，探测)均不符 语义。A.seriousnessB.stabilityC.rigidity D.foundation解析：解析 由上题分析可知，本题答案为 rigidity(不变，僵化)。A)seriousness (严肃，认真)、B)stability(稳定性)、D)foundation(基础，根本)均不符语义。A.whyB.whether C.what
22、D.that解析：解析 根据 the ver3，real question of 可知，所填词需表疑问之意，故先可排除 D)that。再分析句子结构可知，IQ is truly a proxy for intelligence 是个完整的句子，因此所填词不在从句中充当任何成分，而要充当引导从句的连词，可知 why 与 whether 均符合，再结合上下句意不难看出， whether(是否)符合题意。A.andB.orC.nor D.but解析：解析 “neithernor”为固定搭配，表示“既不，也不”。A.account for B.respond toC.take upD.match to
23、解析：解析 本句的意思为：从双胞胎研究到收养人研究，大量数据表明，青少年晚期个体智商的差异大约有 75%是由基因导致的。据此可知， account for 意为“说明，导致或引起构成决定性的或主要的因素”符 合句子大意。B)respond to(回答，作出反应)、C)take up(拿起， 开始从事)、D)match to(使和相等)均不符合题意。A.resolveB.explain C.exhibitD.display解析：解析 选项中能和宾语 the lions share ofIQ difference 构成合理搭配的只有 explain(解释，说明的理由或原因)，它与前文中的 acco
24、unt for 构成同义复现关系。本句意为：大多数研究智力的心理学家都认为， 智商差异绝大部分是由遗传因素引起的。A)resolve(作决定，表决)、C)exhibit(展出，陈列)、D)display(陈列，展览)均不符 合题意。值得注意的是，句中 the lions share 意为“最大的一部分”。A.dilemmaB.paradox C.contractionD.conflict解析：解析 上段提到“大多数心理学家都认为智商差异绝大部分是由遗传因素引起的”，下句又提到“智商的高遗传性表明环境的巨大影响力”，这 两句话看似是矛盾的，因此答案为 paradox(似是而非的论点，自相 矛盾的
25、活)。A)dilemma(进退两难的，困难的选择)、C) contraction(收缩，紧缩)、D)conflict(抵触，冲突)均不符题意。A.overwhelmingly B.fundamentallyC.admittedlyD.adequately解析：解析 空格处要求填入一个副词，修饰后面的肜容词 powerful。从语义上判断，overwhelmingly(压倒性地，不可抵抗地)符合题意。其他三个选项，B)fundamentally 意为“基础地，根本地”；C)admittedly 意 为“公认地，无可否认地”；D)adequately 意为“充分地”。A.retrieveB.unt
26、angle C.repelD.dissipate解析：解析 空格处要求填人一个动词，其宾语为 mystery(神秘的事物)。四个选项中，A)reieve 意为“重新得到”；B)untangle 意为“解开，理清(某个让人迷惑或复杂难解的事物)”；C)repel 意为“击退，抵制”； D)dissipate 意为“驱散，消散，浪费(金钱或时间)”，能与 mystery 构成最合理搭配的是 untangle。A.cameB.fitC.caughtD.teamed 解析：解析 所填词都能与后面的 up with 构成合理搭配，但既能以人做主语又能以人做宾语的只有caught up with(追上，吸
27、住)和 teamed up with(使结成一队，合作，协作)，但这里要表达的意思显然不是 Dickens 追上 James Flynn，而是指他们一起合作，故答案为 teamed。came up with 意为“想出，赚钱”；fit sth.up with 意为“准备，装备(设备， 房屋等)”。A.resolve B.revolveC.reviveD.relieve解析：解析 句中 the paradox 指的就是前文中的 the mystery，因此所填浏要能和第 70 题的答案untangle 形成同义复现关系，故答案为 resolve，意为“决心，解决，解开(疑惑)，除去或驱散(疑虑)
28、”。B)revolve (旋转，考虑)、C)revive(苏醒，回想)、D)relieve(减轻，解除)均不符句意。A.startB.turnC.shed light D.press解析：解析 四个选项均能和 on 搭配，句中使用了“notonlybut also”句型， 因此此处 73 on应能和上题答案 resolve 构成语义复现关系，符合的只有 shed light，shed light on 意为“使某事清楚明白地显示出来”。 start on 意为“开始进行”；turn on 意为“开启，开始”；press on 意为“强加于”，均不符合题意。此处句意：在本周心理学评论上 发表的一
29、项研究里，这对合作者提出的一种解释不仅可能消除这种似 非而是的论点，而且有可能拨开迷雾，揭示决定智商的力量。A.effectB.shape C.inspireD.drive解析：解析 选项中能和 intelligence 构成合理动宾搭配的只有 shape(定形，塑 造)，该词和后文中的 affected 构成语义复现。A)effect 做名词时意为“影响，作用”，做动词时意为“招致，实现，生效”；C)inspire (启示，使生灵感)、D)drive(开车，驱赶)与语义不符。A.In a wordB.In other words C.HoweverD.Hence解析：解析 上文指出：人们的智
30、商同时受到环境和基因的影响，但是他们的环境 与智商是相匹配的。本句意为：基因确实起着重要的作用。由此可知，空格后的话实际上是从另一角度对前文作出的阐释，故答案应为 In other words(换句话说)。A)In a word(总之)、C)However(然而，可是)、D)Hence(因此，从此)都不能使上下文语义连贯。A.edge B.priorityC.effectD.precedence解析：解析 本句意为：如果你在智力上占有先天的优势，你就极有可能喜欢上学、阅读、解题、提问以及抽象思维。四个选项中，只有 edge(优势，边缘)符合题意。B)proricy(优先，优先权)、C)effe
31、ct(结 果，效果，作用)、D)precedence(优先，居先)均不符合题意。A.determineB.accumulateC.consolidateD.amplify 解析：解析 选项中能和 innate brainpower 构成合理动宾搭配的是 amplify(放大， 增强)。本句意为：所有这些活动往往会增强你天生的智能。其他三个选项，A)determine(决定，使下定决心)、B)accumulate(积聚， 堆积)、C)consolidate(巩固，强化)均不能以 innate brainpower 做 宾语。A.DespiteB.Thanks to C.GrantedD.Prov
32、ided解析：解析 multiplier effect 是 will likely stud3，even more 的原因，因此 Thanks to (由于)为答案。此句意为：由于倍数效应，你很有可能学到更多。 A)Despite(不管，尽管)、C)Granted(准予，承认)、D)Provided (倘若，如果)均不能使前后逻辑通顺。A.boost B.boothC.bootD.boom解析：解析 所填词应能和上段末句中的 boosting 形成复现关系，故 boost 为答案。 B)booth(货摊，售货亭)、C)boot(靴子)、D)boom(发隆隆声，兴隆)均是在词形上进行干扰，语义明
33、显不符。A.influentialB.positive C.potentialD.prospective解析：解析 由上段中提到的 If you have a biological edge in intelligenceyou will likely enjoy school，books，puzzles，asking questions and thinking abstractly 可知，an IQ edge 对人的智力水平是有积极影响的，故答案 为 positive(积极的，肯定的)。A)influential(有影响的，有势力的)用来修饰 effect，语义重叠；C)potential
34、(潜在的，可能的)和 D)prospective(未来的，预期的)均脱离了语境。A.makes B.impliesC.suggestsD.represents解析：解析 make no difference 为固定搭配，意为“没区别，不重要”，为正确答 案。B)implies(暗示，意味)、C)suggests(建议，提出)、D) represents(表现，象征)均不符合此处语义和搭配。二、Directions：Complete (总题数：5，分数：35.00)1.All people want to know_(到底是什么引发了 这起事故)（分数：7.00）_正确答案：(what it w
35、as that had caused this accident)解析：考点 本题主要考查强调句型。解析 由所给汉语中的“到底”可知，此处应该用强调句型来表达，其基本结构是：“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”，本句强调的是句子的主语 what。2._(一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖 于)the quality of education of its people（分数：7.00）_正确答案：(One countrys future prosperity to a great extent depends on)解析：考点 本题主要考查短语 to a grea
36、t extent/degree 和 depend on。解析 表示“在很大程度上”常用 to a great extent/degree，表示“依赖于”可用 depend on 或 rely on。3.The belief_(应该尽最大努力做好工作) made me succeed（分数：7.00）_正确答案：(that I try my best do the work well)解析：考点 本题主要考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。解析 分析句子结构可知，所给汉语部分是用来说明 the belief 的内容，故 应译成同位语从句，而belief 一词后面接同位语从句时，从句中应该使用虚拟语气，其谓
37、语动词用 should do 的形式，且should 常省略。4._(他被指控蓄意谋杀)，so he was sentenced to death（分数：7.00）_正确答案：(He was accused of intent to kilI/He was charged with deliberate murder)解析：考点 本题主要考查时态、语态以及 accuse of 或 charge with 的不同搭配。解析 所给英文部分是一个 so 引导的结果状语从句，故译文部分应该是句子的主句，由所给英文部分的一般过去时态可知，译文部分也应该采用一般过去时。表示“指控”可以用 accuse，也
38、可以用 charge，但二 者搭配的介词不同，accuse 一般用于 accuse sb.of sth.的结构，charge 则一般用于 charge sb.with sth.的结构。“蓄意谋杀”可以用 intent to kill 或 deliberate murder 来表达。5._(正在进行精心的准备)for the Prime Ministers official visit to the four foreign countries（分数：7.00）_正确答案：(Elaborate preparations are being made)解析：考点 本题主要考查时态和语态。解析 分析句意可知，本句是表示“正在进行的行为”，故应该用现在进行时，而所给汉语部分是个无主句，根据英语习惯，最好译成被动语态，现在进行时的被动式应该是 be being done。“精心的准备”应该 译成复数 elaborate preparations。
