1、托福真题 2012年 9月 20日及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.What is the best sort of education system for your country? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Do you agree or disagree that mobile phones are vital to todays business?
2、 Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.A Proposal for Kitchen ImprovementI am writing to urge the university to make the following improvements to dormitory kitchens. First, each of the kitchens really needs another refrigerator. With just one r
3、efrigerator, there simply is not enough room for everyone to store even a small amount of food. Second, there should be a sign-up sheet in the kitchen for people to reserve for kitchen use beforehand. As it is now, there are always arguments because too many people want to fix food at the same time.
4、 If both these ideas are adopted, the present situation might become a little more bearable.Question: The man expresses his opinion about the students proposal of adding new refrigerators and making a sign-up sheet for kitchen usage. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding tha
5、t opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Quality CircleA quality circle is a volunteer group of workers, usually led by an elected team leader. They are trained to identify, and solve work-related problems. They present their solutions to manage
6、ment in order to improve the performance of the organization, and motivate and enrich the work of employees. Quality circles are an alternative to treating workers like machines, which is a result of the division of labor. Quality circles can aid in creating harmony and ensuring high performance. Ty
7、pical topics they address are improving safety on the job, improving the design of products, and improving manufacturing performance.Question: Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the quality circle improves work efficiency.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_五、
8、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the mans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the
9、talk, explain the two benefits of planting trees in the city.（分数：20.00）_托福真题 2012年 9月 20日答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.What is the best sort of education system for your country? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I believe that our
10、schools should focus on teaching relevant skills based on the needs and demands of the students.Reason 1: First, classes should teach young people Microsoft Office and other computer courses, as well as mechanics, engineering, customer services skills, and whatever else the students need for their f
11、uture career.Reason 2: The second major change I would like to see is a greater effort to retain students until they are adults. Now, pupils can drop out of school due to poverty. I would like to see a project to keep more students in school until their graduation.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synony
12、ms focus onemphasize, place importance onParaphrases I would like to see a program aimed at student retention till graduation.二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Do you agree or disagree that mobile phones are vital to todays business? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(T
13、opic: In our modern world, cell phones have become important for businesses.Reason 1: One reason cell phones are so important is that the modern client typically owns a phone himself, so he will assume that others have one as well. If a modern businessman expects to develop business, he must be avai
14、lable at all hours, ready to take any call.Reason 2: Another factor is that cell phones can be used to do a lot of things such as writing reports, checking statistics, sending and receiving emails, inputting vital information, and keeping communication with clients. Without cell phones, the modern b
15、usiness model would likely fall apart.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)assumetake something for granted(b)fall apartdescend into chaosParaphrases In todays world, theres no escaping the cell phone.三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.A Proposal for Kitchen ImprovementI am writing to urge the univer
16、sity to make the following improvements to dormitory kitchens. First, each of the kitchens really needs another refrigerator. With just one refrigerator, there simply is not enough room for everyone to store even a small amount of food. Second, there should be a sign-up sheet in the kitchen for peop
17、le to reserve for kitchen use beforehand. As it is now, there are always arguments because too many people want to fix food at the same time. If both these ideas are adopted, the present situation might become a little more bearable.Question: The man expresses his opinion about the students proposal
18、 of adding new refrigerators and making a sign-up sheet for kitchen usage. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The man does not like the suggestion to add a refrigerator to the dorm kitchens and hav
19、e a sign-up sheet to use the facility or cook.He points out that the kitchens are already small. Putting in a second fridge will make the room even less spacious. If the kitchen does not have enough room, simple cooking could be very difficult.He also says that a sign-up sheet is useless because no
20、one can predict when he or she is going to be hungry. Besides, students usually study late at night and dont have time to cook. All they need to eat is something like a sandwich or coffee.)解析：听力原文W: Hey, did you see the letter in the paper about how to improve the dorm kitchens?M: Yeah, and I think
21、its ail silly.W: Really? I thought the guy had a point. The kitchens here are pretty crowded. Its hard to do anything.M: True. But the solutions the guy suggests wont work either. The kitchens are too small to begin with. There just isnt room for another fridge. If you add another one, youd have to
22、do the cooking somewhere else, which is just more inconvenient all over again.W: Oh, yeah. I hadnt thought of that.M: As for the sign-up sheet, it wont work either. I mean you cant plan when youre going to get hungry. You get hungry, then you cook. Who knows when thats going to happen? Besides, most
23、 of us study late and we dont really have time to cook. We just make a sandwich or coffee.W: Yeah, I think you are right.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)smallcramped(b)put ininstall(c)uselesspointless(d)predictforeseeParaphrases 1. The installation of a second fridge will render a small kitchen
24、 impossibly cramped.2. Also, he mentions that a sign-up sheet is pointless because people can not foresee when they are going to be hungry.四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Quality CircleA quality circle is a volunteer group of workers, usually led by an elected team leader. They are trained to identify
25、, and solve work-related problems. They present their solutions to management in order to improve the performance of the organization, and motivate and enrich the work of employees. Quality circles are an alternative to treating workers like machines, which is a result of the division of labor. Qual
26、ity circles can aid in creating harmony and ensuring high performance. Typical topics they address are improving safety on the job, improving the design of products, and improving manufacturing performance.Question: Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the quality circle i
27、mproves work efficiency.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(In business management, quality circles improve work efficiency by giving workers a say in organizing work and production rather than just fulfilling their own duties. The example the professor gives is of a car company.Acc
28、ording to the lecture, a car company was almost ready to go bankrupt. So the CEO was changed. And the new executive officer organized staff into small groups to find problems in each stage of the production process and get them solved. For example, the headlights of the car were weak, so the staff d
29、esigned a brighter one right away. With numbers of such little improvements, the quality circle approach had shown its worth, the car had become popular, and sales had been boosted.)解析：听力原文M: The book sounds as if quality circles were a totally unique innovation. In fact the idea has been around for
30、 a long time. But how do these groups actually work? Look right here in this city.Less than a decade ago, a car corporation was almost bankrupt. Under a new CEO and at the unions urging, they organized all staff into quality circles or small groups with a supervisor in each one. The groups were task
31、ed with finding inefficiencies in production and eliminating mistakes. A further mission was to suggest improvements in the cars design as well.As a result, some members soon corrected problems that never seemed to get solved such as weak headlights. Until, that is, quality circles were formed. With
32、in a few weeks they had licked all the problems! This made the cars more popular, increased sales, and is just one of dozens of little improvements that have helped save time and make more profits for the company and thus save the company from possible bankruptcy.五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Questi
33、on: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the mans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The man faces a problem that he can no longer afford to live in the dorm. So he has to live off campus.
34、 But also, he cant afford an apartment on his own.There are two solutions. He can find a roommate to share the rent. Or else he can work in a restaurant to make money for his housing. I prefer the second solution.First, renting and sharing the apartment with somebody else makes him unable to enjoy h
35、is privacy. He feels uncomfortable if he has to be considerate of others very much. For example, he cannot listen to music and make phone calls whenever he wants to.Also, I think if he can make money to rent his own housing, working in the restaurant will be a good choice. He wont have time for afte
36、r-school activities, but he will have privacy.)解析：听力原文W: Hey, you look worried. Whats wrong?M: I just cant afford to live in the dorm anymore. I have to move off campus. But I really cant afford a nice apartment on my own either.W: Find a roommate and share the rent. Thats what everyone does.M: But
37、then I dont have any privacy. I mean I like heavy metal music and I wont be able to listen to it whenever I like. Also, I cant make phone calls whenever I want because my roommate would probably get upset.W: Yeah, being polite is a real burden for some people. Hey, Im working at a restaurant, and th
38、e restaurant always needs good waiters. Why not come to work there part-time? You make pretty fair money once you add in all the tips you get. With the extra money you can afford your own place. But you have to work on Friday and Saturday evenings though.M: That would be a solution. But Im really bu
39、sy with school. Besides, I am only free on Friday and Saturday evenings. Those are my nights to hang out with friends. You cant expect me to give up my social life.W: Id think youd care enough about your real life to make some effort!Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms rentleaseParaphrases Sharing an
40、apartment cannot offer him enough privacy.六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two benefits of planting trees in the city.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Besides making the city beautiful, the professor discusses two ways in which planting trees is beneficial
41、 to the city.Probably the main advantage is that trees help remove carbon dioxide from the air.The gas emissions produced by cars in cities are a major cause of the greenhouse effect and air pollution. The more trees there are, the more fresh air there is to breathe.Another benefit is that trees sto
42、re water and then let it evaporate slowly into the air. In this way, the air isnt so dry and our environment is more comfortable.)解析：听力原文W: Why bother planting trees downtown? I mean city is city, country is country and youre not going to make this city beautiful with just a tree or two hundred. Act
43、ually, there are two benefits of planting trees in the city other than beauty.Consider the number of cars here. The air is actually unhealthy to breathe. Among other things, cars emit carbon dioxide, C02. If C02 is high, that means less oxygen for you and I to breathe. Its also a major cause of glob
44、al warming, you know, the greenhouse effect. Well, good news is that trees help remove carbon dioxide from the air. Thats right, they reduce pollution just by being there.Second, a problem with all these concrete sidewalks and paved roads is that the air is dry. As soon as water hits the hot pavemen
45、ts, it evaporates. More good news is that trees trap water and then slowly release it back into the air by whats called “transpiration.“ This means an increase in humidity and a more comfortable living environment. So remember, trees in urban areas can improve our life.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synon
46、yms (a)removefilter out (b)major cause ofmajor factor in(c)environmentsettingParaphrases 1. Carbon dioxide has been identified as the major culprit in global warming, especially as produced by cars that proliferate in urban settings./That gas is a major cause of the greenhouse effect and is produced, in large part, by the very cars that damage the urban environments.2.
