1、托福真题 2012 年 10 月 13 日及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Do you agree or disagree with the statement that schools should require an annual 40 hours of community service from their students? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.0
2、0)2.Whether or not a school is successful solely depends on how many textbooks the school has. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Student Technician RecruitmentOregon Tech is pleased to announce th
3、at, starting Monday, January 23, a 24-hour computer troubleshooting and repair service for university students, staff and faculty will be available. The service will be manned by paid student technicians, who have passed a qualifying hands-on examination. These technicians will be lodged in universi
4、ty dormitories, but will only pay half the usual dorm fee in addition to receiving wages. The school is pleased to make this service available to the university community and hope the benefits will be immediate and significant.Question: The man and the woman express their opinion about the 24-hour c
5、omputer technical service. State their opinion and explain the reasons they give for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Contrast EffectContrast effect is a psychological phenomenon related to judgment. Typically, when we experie
6、nce any given thing, we tend to compare it to other things of the same type. We especially compare it to things of the same type that we most recently experienced. This tendency interferes with our ability to make unbiased judgments of any article based on its inherent qualities and/or its suitabili
7、ty for a given purpose. The phenomenon has important applications in marketing, politics, and game theory to name but a few.Question: Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the professors personal experience is related to the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subje
8、ct.（分数：20.00）_五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the mans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and ex
9、amples from the talk, explain the two methods river fish apply to survive the fast current.（分数：20.00）_托福真题 2012 年 10 月 13 日答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Do you agree or disagree with the statement that schools should require an annual 40 hours of community service from thei
10、r students? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I agree with this proposal.Reason 1: Firstly, this experience teaches young people responsibilities and values. Doing work for their community improves pupils work ethic, while also helping them better understand
11、 the needs of their city and how to work cooperatively with others.Reason 2: Also, community service helps improve the students own town or city. Students can take pride in being a part of the improvement of their city, while also making new friends and taking part in positive after-school activitie
12、s.Conclusion: Overall, I think the activity helps young people mature and learn valuable life lessons.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)cooperativelyin concert with (b)overallon the whole(c)maturegrow up (d)life lessonslife skillsParaphrases 1. Young people acquire a sense of responsibility a
13、nd positive values from this experience.2. Widespread community service will have a positive impact on the entire city or town.二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Whether or not a school is successful solely depends on how many textbooks the school has. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Please
14、include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I believe a successful school depends mostly on its administration and the ability of its teachers.Reason 1: First, a school must have an excellent administration to maintain success. Principals and directors must choose the best t
15、extbooks, keep the school environment clean, and hire the best teachers. Without guidance, a school will fail.Reason 2: Teachers themselves are the most important variable in a schools success. A good teacher will produce a great lesson and know how to deal with the students and address all of their
16、 problems. A book cannot do this.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)guidancea firm hand on the helm(b)variablefactor(c)addresssolve(d)a book cannotno book canParaphrases 1. Without leadership, no school can succeed.2. A school is only as good as its teachers.三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.Stude
17、nt Technician RecruitmentOregon Tech is pleased to announce that, starting Monday, January 23, a 24-hour computer troubleshooting and repair service for university students, staff and faculty will be available. The service will be manned by paid student technicians, who have passed a qualifying hand
18、s-on examination. These technicians will be lodged in university dormitories, but will only pay half the usual dorm fee in addition to receiving wages. The school is pleased to make this service available to the university community and hope the benefits will be immediate and significant.Question: T
19、he man and the woman express their opinion about the 24-hour computer technical service. State their opinion and explain the reasons they give for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The university plans to open a computer repair service for students an
20、d faculty. The students are very happy about this policy.One student says that she has a computer that often has trouble, and its crashes cause major hindrances to her study. The problems are easily solved if the technicians are available. This way the girl doesnt need to depend on friends for help.
21、In addition, the other student plans to work part-time as a technician. He is attracted by the promise of the half-price dorm fee and wages for fixing computers.)解析：听力原文M: Hey, Lucy. Did you hear that the college is planning to offer a 24-hour computer repair service?W: Wow! Thats great! My computer
22、 needs to be repaired about once every twenty-four hours! This service, is it free?M: Of course! The school will take care of the payment. The whole point is that whenever your computer has trouble you can call the number and theyll give you advice over the phone. If they cant solve the problem that
23、 way, theyll send a guy to your room.W: Thats great. My computer froze just last week while I was in the middle of writing a term paper. I had to carry twenty pounds of books back to the library in order to get my assignment done. A friend of mine helped me out, but only the next day. The computer c
24、rash really worn me out.M: Yeah, if the service had been available, you could have solved the problem in five minutes. Another thing I like about the proposal is that they say the repair workers get to live half-price in the dorm plus wages. I think Ill apply for one of those positions. I need the m
25、oney.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)have troublebe on the blink(b)attracted bybe drawn by(c)fixrepair, set rightParaphrases 1. To someone with the know-how, such problems are minor./The problems are easily solved if only one knows how.2. The other student contemplates taking a part-time positi
26、on as a technician.四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Contrast EffectContrast effect is a psychological phenomenon related to judgment. Typically, when we experience any given thing, we tend to compare it to other things of the same type. We especially compare it to things of the same type that we most r
27、ecently experienced. This tendency interferes with our ability to make unbiased judgments of any article based on its inherent qualities and/or its suitability for a given purpose. The phenomenon has important applications in marketing, politics, and game theory to name but a few.Question: Using inf
28、ormation from the reading and the lecture, explain how the professors personal experience is related to the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(As an example of contrast effect, the professor relates his own experience of changing apartments.According to the lecture,
29、 the professor was trying to rent an apartment. After looking at a number of dark, poor quality flats, he was shown one somewhat better. He immediately rented it, only to find his new home too small for all his furniture. Also, the lighting and cleanliness were below his usual standards. He realizes
30、 now that having seen too many apartments with poor facilities affected his ability to discern a good apartment. The advice he gives is that people need to take time when making important decisions. This helps reduce the contrast effect.)解析：听力原文M: I realize the definition of contrast effect may seem
31、 a bit difficult. But, as with so much of psychology, youll find that the frightening terminology actually covers up something fairly obvious once you know where to look. Take myself as an example.Last month I moved house. The first seven or eight apartments I looked at were all small, dark, and bas
32、ically crap. Not the kind of place Id want to live. Then the agent showed me a larger one, better lighted, and fairly clean. “Great,“ I said, “Ill take it!“But come moving day, that wonderful new apartment turned out to be too small for all my furniture and things. Plus, its OK in terms of light and
33、 cleanliness. But its not all that great. Not as good as my old place. But.Ive already signed the contract, so theres not much I can do now.The point is, when I rented this apartment, I was comparing it with all the really bad places I had just seen. I wasnt asking myself what I truly needed and whe
34、ther the apartment actually was a nice place. My impatience got the better of me. I should have waited a day or two to think over the choice. Otherwise, I am making decisions half- blind as it were.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)poor qualitysubstandard (b)immediatelywithout hesitation(c)affect
35、interfere with, hamper (d)take timeshow patienceParaphrases 1. He came across a somewhat better flat, having been shown a number of places that were unacceptable.2. He counsels people to be patient when contemplating an important decision./He advises taking ones time when making important decisions.
36、五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the mans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The student needs to stay on campus to help his professor with the
37、tapes of a book during the holiday. He also needs to do some exercise and stay in peak condition for basketball but the gym will be closed then.His friend has two ideas. He can buy a one-month gym membership for $75 and work out at their downtown facility. Or, he can simply go running outside every
38、day if he does riot want to spend the money.I think the first solution is better. Month gym membership of $75 is not a big deal. So it is hard to believe he cannot come up with the money. Running keeps one in good shape; but running outside in the winter could be cold, plus running alone is boring.
39、Clearly, the man should spend the money.)解析：听力原文W: Whats up, man? Are you going home for Christmas?M: Not going home.W: Really? Why not? I thought you missed your parents and friends more than anything?M: I do, but Ive got stuff to get done.W: Like what?M: Professor Doss needs me to help go through
40、his tapes for that book he is writing. Yeah, if I do well on this, he says Im sure to get into a good graduate program. But that leaves me a problem.W: Whats that?M: I have to stay on campus during vacation. But the gym will be closed, so I wont be able to work out there. Like you know, Im on the sc
41、hool basketball team; and doing exercise in the gym is a big part of my training program.W: Big deal, theres a gym just five or six blocks away downtown. I hear they have a “One Month Winter Special.“ Seventy-five dollars gives you unlimited access. Vacation lasts less than a month. Your problem is
42、solved.M: Not really. I dont want to spend seventy-five dollars.W: So, just go running outside. Thats mostly what basketball is.M: Nah, its too cold outside. Seattles rainy too. And running is boring.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)in peak conditionin shape (b)hard to believehard to credit(c)al
43、onesolitarily (d)boringinsipid(e)clearlyobviouslyParaphrases 1. If hes on a budget, he can substitute roadwork for gym membership.2. The first option is by far the preferable choice.六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two methods river fish ap
44、ply to survive the fast current.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The lecture is about two ways that fish deal with the challenge of fast current to survive.Firstly, the professor states that fish cannot stay in one place because they are carried away by the the swift current. Therefore, some fish species like catfi
45、sh develop big muscular fins to help them swim against the current.Then, the professor talks about another way fish can survive in the fast current. Since fish cannot hunt and eat food in the rapid flow of water, some fish like trout swim along the shore or in deep pools looking for prey as the shor
46、e water flows slowly, and the food can easily be found and seized.)解析：听力原文W: Are any of you fisherman? lf so, you and I know that big, fast rivers can be great places for fishing. What you probably dont know is that fish do not really like that swift current. They need to deal with the rapid flow of water while finding food. There are two methods the fish have devel
