1、托福真题 2009 年 5 月 31 日及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：6，分数：30.00)1.Whats the most important quality a good neighbor should have? Include reasons and details to support your response.（分数：5.00）_2.Some people prefer to watch entertainment TV programs while others prefer to watch educational p
2、rograms. Which do you prefer? why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.（分数：5.00）_3.New Policy of the School AuditoriumThe university is proposing to demolish the former auditorium and build a new one. The authorities claim that the old building is too old to equal that of other
3、universities, and the appearance is dirty and outdated. The new auditorium will have advanced stereo systems and the stage will be redecorated as well. Besides, considering the increasing number of student enrollment, the new building with expanded halls can hold more teachers and students, which wi
4、ll enhance the audiences experience.Question: The man expresses his opinion towards the universitys decision to build a new school auditorium. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.（分数：5.00）_4.Social ReferencingSocial referencing is a process in which infants se
5、ek out and interpret the emotional responses from their parents to form their own emotional understanding of unfamiliar events, objects, or people. The concept of social referencing in children has been the subject of increasing studies over the last quarter of a century, as developmental psychologi
6、sts seek to understand the formation of emotion in infants and children. Researches in this area have sought to understand how children learn to respond emotionally to various events, how they learn to interpret emotional responses of others, and how they form ideas about appropriateness of emotiona
7、l displays.Question: The professor uses two experiments to illustrate the definition of “social referencing“. Explain how the two experiments are related to the reading passage.（分数：5.00）_5.Question: Briefly summarize the problem and two possible solutions. Then state which solution you recommend and
8、 explain why.（分数：5.00）_6.Question: Summarize the lecture and explain how herd animals protect their cubs and old ones.（分数：5.00）_托福真题 2009 年 5 月 31 日答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSPEAKING/B(总题数：6，分数：30.00)1.Whats the most important quality a good neighbor should have? Include reasons and details to sup
9、port your response.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：In my opinion, a good neighbor should be trustworthy. A neighbor always has some knowledge about what is going on in the four boundaries of a house. This is because he lives so close to you; he can hear your voice, see your appearances, observe who comes to you
10、r house and who goes at what time. Basically, a neighbor can gossip about half of the things happening in your life, and that is where the quality of a good neighbor comes in. A good neighbor should be trustworthy and sensible enough to not leak out others family secrets.2.Some people prefer to watc
11、h entertainment TV programs while others prefer to watch educational programs. Which do you prefer? why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：I prefer to watch educational TV programs because I believe that knowledge can be learnt everywhere. Watching educatio
12、nal programs can broaden my horizon, and I really enjoy those programs taking viewers into the wild nature and explore something we dont know. Its amazing and I may never have the opportunity to experience them myself. Also, some programs can teach me how to improve my academic performances in vario
13、us terms. Last week, I learnt some writing tips from one TV program and successfully applied them in my own writing. In summary, I benefit a lot from watching educational TV programs.3.New Policy of the School AuditoriumThe university is proposing to demolish the former auditorium and build a new on
14、e. The authorities claim that the old building is too old to equal that of other universities, and the appearance is dirty and outdated. The new auditorium will have advanced stereo systems and the stage will be redecorated as well. Besides, considering the increasing number of student enrollment, t
15、he new building with expanded halls can hold more teachers and students, which will enhance the audiences experience.Question: The man expresses his opinion towards the universitys decision to build a new school auditorium. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
16、（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：The university is proposing to demolish the former auditorium and build a new one. The man disagrees with the plan because he thinks that they should renovate the library and the laboratories first, because they are more important to students life. He also thinks that the old one
17、 is large enough because they just dont have so many viewers to watch the performances. Finally, the man expresses the view that the old building is one part of the university culture and it should not be destroyed. 听力原文 W: Hum, they are doing the right thing this time. M: You really think so? Come
18、on! The school is making another stupid decision. Look, the school itself is as old as . say, one hundred years. Only rebuilding another new auditorium cannot change the overall impression of the school; rather, it will look weird with one novel building standing in an old campus. Actually, the old
19、auditorium is a kind of representative of our old school. W: I can see that you really dont like the new plan. M: Well, I just think before we upgrade some entertainment facilities, why not renovate the library and laboratory first. Thats our top priority, right? W: I get your point. However, the ne
20、w building will have more room to hold more viewers. M: Well, thats another ridiculous point. Even the old building is large enough, every time when we hold the show, the seats have never been full; we just dont have so many viewers to watch the show. W: Maybe you are right. M: Well, I love our old
21、school; I just think the old building is one part of our school history. Tearing it down is destroying our history to some extent.4.Social ReferencingSocial referencing is a process in which infants seek out and interpret the emotional responses from their parents to form their own emotional underst
22、anding of unfamiliar events, objects, or people. The concept of social referencing in children has been the subject of increasing studies over the last quarter of a century, as developmental psychologists seek to understand the formation of emotion in infants and children. Researches in this area ha
23、ve sought to understand how children learn to respond emotionally to various events, how they learn to interpret emotional responses of others, and how they form ideas about appropriateness of emotional displays.Question: The professor uses two experiments to illustrate the definition of “social ref
24、erencing“. Explain how the two experiments are related to the reading passage.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：The lecture talks about the term “social referencing“, which refers to a process in which babies interpret the parents emotional responses to form their own understanding of unfamiliar objects. The lect
25、ure introduces two experiments to illustrate the term. The first experiment was conducted among 20 six-month-old infants. They were separated into two groups and were asked to play dolls. The first groups mothers smiled to them while mothers of the second group put on an angry face. No differences w
26、ere found between these two groups. Then, the same experiment was conducted among 20 one-year-old babies. The findings show that babies of smiling mothers continued to play and the rest babies stopped playing. This indicates that infants older than 1 year would take action according to social refere
27、ncing. 听力原文 M: We are going to discuss some interesting examples of “social referencing“. Social referencing means that an infants emotional understanding and responses to their parents behavior will develop as time passes. Two experiments were carried out to test the effects of “social referencing“
28、 in child development. The subjects of the first experiment are twenty six-month-old infants, who were separated into two groups. One group was arranged in a room with many dolls, and once they play dolls, their mother would smile to them. Another group was put in the same room afterwards; however,
29、their mother looked angry when they played dolls. The results found that there werent any differences between these two groups of kids. The same experiment was also conducted among 20 one-year-old babies. The findings of this experiment indicate that when mothers smiled at the babies who were playin
30、g dolls, they would continue to play happily whereas the other group, most of the babies stopped playing dolls when their mothers showed angry faces. This, the researchers hypothesized, suggests that very young infants are not so much referencing from their mothers for emotional cues as for how to r
31、espond, but they are simply checking if their mothers were nearby when confronted with ambiguous or fearful situations. Infants more than one-year-old would begin looking for specific information from their mothers faces when referencing, and they would conduct certain actions in accordance with the
32、ir mothers facial expression.5.Question: Briefly summarize the problem and two possible solutions. Then state which solution you recommend and explain why.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：The man has an annoying roommate who often disturbs his normal life by throwing parties and making a lot of noises. The woman
33、 offers two solutions: one is to study in the library and the other is to talk to his roommate about this situation. Personally, I prefer the second choice because he should have a normal life and avoiding the problem is not the real solution. He can persuade his roommate together with his friends a
34、nd it is important to correct his mistakes. 听力原文 W: Hey, John. You look upset these days. What has happened? M: Well, this is embarrassing. I have an annoying roommate. He likes to invite his friends to our dorm and hold big parties, which happens several times a week. W: That is really disturbing.
35、M: Indeed. I just cant concentrate on my study and have wasted so much precious time wandering in the dorm. W: Thats too bad, John. But I am sure there should be a way to deal with it. Maybe next time you can go to the library when your roommate gives another party in the dorm. Many students do so b
36、ecause they can learn much faster in the quiet atmosphere. M: I know that, but the library is always occupied, and its hard to find a seat. When I hurry to the library after evening classes, the library is already full and I have to carry my pile of books back to my dormitory. W: Or, maybe you can t
37、alk to your roommate; just be nice and frank with him. You know, roommates need to consider each other and one should make some changes, even sacrifices, when hes disturbing the others normal life. M: A nice talk? I have never seen him being careful and reasonable. I am afraid he will just laugh at
38、my seriousness and pull a face to send me away.6.Question: Summarize the lecture and explain how herd animals protect their cubs and old ones.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：Animals tend to gather in flocks to protect the young and the old. The lecture uses two examples to illustrate this point. First, antelope
39、s would gather around their cubs in the centre when being attacked by carnivores, protecting the young from being eaten by wolves or lions. The second example is mockingbirds. They would entice the predator and peck at the cat or dog to frighten them away. Also, some mobbing calls can be sent to har
40、ass the predator and alert others of the danger. 听力原文 W: Animals moving in herds or in groups always tend to gather in flocks to protect their cubs and old ones. Two examples of animal behavior can illustrate the point. Now, lets look at antelopes. Usually an individual antelope is easy to be target
41、ed and vulnerable to the attack when roaming alone in the grassland. Thus, it is more common to see antelopes moving in groups. Once they are attacked by carnivores, they would surround their cubs in the center, protecting them from being eaten by wolves or lions. Mobbing behavior is an antipredator
42、 behavior which occurs when individuals of a certain species mob a predator by cooperatively attacking or harassing it, usually in order to protect their offspring. Birds such as gulls are widely seen to attack intruders, including encroaching humans. Through mobbing, mockingbirds can effectively fo
43、rce a cat or dog to seek something less troublesome. Their strategy is like this: one mockingbird would fly in front of a cat or dog, enticing the bird predator to lunge, while another mocking bird would peck at the cat or dog from behind to make a sharp pain that would force the predator to hesitat
44、e when it encounters mockingbirds. Mobbing calls are signals made by the mobbing species while harassing a predator. These differ from alarm calls; they are effective in traveling to long distances. Sometimes a group of songbirds will aggressively chase and harass a predator, like a hawk or an owl, while producing loud and raucous mobbing calls. This “mobbing“ behavior alerts others of the appearance of the predator, and sometimes can successfully drive the predator away.
