1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题 2017 年 09 月及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1: LISTENING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A: Spot Directi(总题数：1，分数：30.00)For years we have been talking about addiction to the Internet, and then to the mobile phone. A recent survey in UK found that 1 would rather live without their own childr
2、en for a week than give up their mobile phone, while 2 admitted they were addicted to their handsets. Now we are putting together a support group for those who 3 . By speaking of the group, I mean, what we offer as some of the treatments are 4 for those people. The group itself becomes a therapeutic
3、 tool, because people are getting out of their rooms where they 5 or the mobile phone for many hours and even days, surfing the Internet or the WeChat. People are 6 and are dealing with other people face-to-face. They are getting 7 . They realize that it is not just them, that there are other people
4、 who are engaged in the same behavior and 8 , and also they can help each other strategize about what is the best way for them to 9 , to figure out other things to do. And also we 10 . it is important to figure out what is going on in the person“s life that is contributing to 11 . Why is the person
5、spending so much time on 12 ? Are they avoiding something? Or are they trying to 13 ? As far as how many people are actually addicted to the Internet or the Wechat, there was one study which said 14 . I would say at least 5 percent of people who are 15 . The thing is, though, it is very easy to slip
6、 into and you don“t realize it, 16 . For instance, we have 17 where people can just go in, they may be doing 18 on the computer, and then they just 19 and see what is going on, and then before they know it, 20 . （分数：30.00）三、Part B: Listening Co(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the follow
7、ing conversation. （分数：5.00）A.He wanted to see the Ice Hotel.B.He organized a fashion show there.C.He was on his winter vacation.D.He was on a business trip.A.The hotel is a favorite haunt for movie stars.B.The hotel is located on a frozen river.C.The hotel is rebuilt every year.D.The hotel is submer
8、ged every summer.A.He had to spend some time warming himself up in a bar.B.He had to run around the lake to get some exercises.C.He had to take enough food in a warm restaurant.D.He had to get a reindeer skin ready for the night.A.Ice creams.B.Alcoholic drinks.C.Fashion shows.D.Polar lights.A.It“s n
9、ot her cup of tea.B.It“s not as good as the fashion show.C.It“s a place for cool people.D.It“s the shooting site of a movie.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.They need German men as godfathers.B.They have the right to register for social welfare.C.They can qualify
10、 for residency in Germany.D.They want to get paid in work as German citizens.A.She was lost in Mountain Gate.B.She was abducted by unknown captors.C.She was taken to a local hospital.D.She was found bound alongside an interstate.A.6.1%.B.6.9%.C.7.0%.D.7.1%.A.Children were immunised with the wrong va
11、ccine.B.Children were vaccinated with the same unsterilised syringe.C.The immunisation campaign was not led by the health minister.D.The administering team was not trained by the UNICEF.A.84,000.B.117,000.C.248,000.D.250,000.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.By t
12、aking a student loan.B.By consulting a specialist.C.By developing a budget.D.By finding a decent job.A.Purchasing a new smart phone.B.Saving money for a vacation.C.Paying for college.D.Keeping track of their spending.A.Because it avoids the possibility of additional tuition costs.B.Because it helps
13、college students secure more scholarships.C.Because it can substitute credits for other elective courses.D.Because it shows their potential in finding a good job upon graduation.A.They can have more access to educational resources.B.They can afford to take extra-curricular courses.C.They need to bec
14、ome more disciplined and focused.D.They need to spend more time on their home assignments.A.It is not as easy as finding a part-time job.B.It is not as good as taking a part-time job.C.It should be recommended for college students.D.It should resolve the problem of budget shortfalls.Questions 16 to
15、20 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.They were all killed by an unexpected meteorite attack.B.They died out as a result of sudden climatic change.C.They were all killed by a sudden nuclear explosion.D.They died out because of their enormous size as land animals,A.Their blood is in
16、intimate contact with the water they live in.B.Their size is not big enough for them to live on land.C.They cannot hibernate in polluted water.D.They cannot survive the big animals in the Amazon rain forest.A.Big animals usually could not survive little ones in major extinctions.B.It is a bad thing
17、that we humans have brought animals from place to place.C.The introduction of foreign animals will spread diseases to us humans.D.The travel of big animals will spread diseases and disrupt the ecosystem.A.Dinosaurs.B.Mammoths.C.Saber toothed cats.D.Tropical frogs.A.The distance they have travelled s
18、hould be at least 1,600 kilometers.B.The foreign animals run amuck as they have no natural predators.C.There should be land bridges connecting the continents.D.There are humans who bring pets from one continent to another.四、SECTION 2: READING T(总题数：4，分数：50.00)A major study of the grocery-buying habi
19、ts of millions of Americans released late last year found that people using food stamps generally make the same unhealthy food choices as everyone else in America. Too many sweets, salty snacks and prepared desserts. Junk food, in other words. But when it came to soda and its sugary ilk, the results
20、 were more surprising, and not in a good way. According to the USDA-funded study, shoppers using food stamps spent a larger share of their budget9.25% to be exacton sugar-sweetened beverages than other shoppers. Even more startling: Food-stamp shoppers bought more soda than any other single grocery
21、item. The new data revived an old debate about banning soda from the $71 billion food-stamp program. In February, the House Agriculture Committee held a hearing to gather testimony about the pros and cons of such a restriction. It does seem counterproductive to spend billions of taxpayer dollars in
22、an effort to improve the nutrition of low-income Americans on a product with little or no nutritional value. It is called the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, after all. And soda had been identified as one of the prime culprits in soaring U.S. obesity and Type 2 diabetes rates. The study a
23、nd committee debate raised some of the same uncomfortable issues that have caused the proposal to languish in the past. On the conservative side, folks have worried that this type of nannystate regulation will lead to other heavy-handed health-related restrictions. Liberals, meanwhile, have been con
24、cerned that it is patronizing and punitive to tell people how to spend their government benefits. Add in the opposition from beverage industry lobby and it“s no surprise this idea hasn“t gotten very far when it“s been proposed. In recent years, a handful of states and cities have tried to impose suc
25、h a requirement, but were blocked by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The difference now is that the attitude toward soda has rapidly soured as more evidence has poured in that beverages with added sugars are making people fat and sick. The USDA has issued dietary guidelines warning people to lim
26、it their consumption of food with added sugars, the largest sources of which are sweetened beverages. This belief helped San Francisco, Philadelphia and handful of other cities push through new taxes on soda. A handful more are considering their own soda levies. We know that there are detrimental he
27、alth effects of drinking lots of soda, but we don“t know if barring SNAP recipients from spending their benefits on soda will really improve their health. It“s worth finding out by undertaking a limited pilot program, regardless of the qualms we may have about imposing restraints on the poor that be
28、tter-off Americans don“t face. The assumption is that those billions of dollars not going to buy Coke will be spent on healthier food. But that may not be the case. What if consumption of other sugary items increases? Or if SNAP recipients simply transferred their sweet drink habit ounce-for-ounce t
29、o more expensive and still sugar-laden fruit juice? Or if they spent their non-SNAP money on soda? Before making a permanent change, we need to know if it would improve nutrition or be pointlessly punitive. But it is a good step to take to gather data. And the argument that it would be too hard on g
30、rocers to carve out sugary drinks doesn“t hold water. As the study shows, modern grocery check stand technology is sophisticated enough to easily separate out purchases by UPC code. Indeed, SNAP already comes with restrictions on alcohol, tobacco and hot foods. Grocers don“t have a problem sorting t
31、hem out. The Women, Infant and Children food-assistance program is even more prescriptive, permitting only specific items to be purchased: milk, cheese, cereal and formula, for example, but absolutely nothing with added sugar or artificial sweetener. Ideally, a pilot program would also find ways to
32、improve access to safe drinking water. Denying poor people the ability to use food aid to buy a Coke on a hot day may raise some unsettling questions. Yet the findings in the USDA“s study about excessive soda consumption shouldn“t be ignored.（分数：12.50）(1).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.50）A.
33、The investigation of the grocery-buying habits of Americans.B.New taxes on soda to be levied to restrict the use of food stamps.C.A comparison between SNAP and Women, Infant and Children food-assistance program.D.An argument over SNAP recipients“ use of food stamps to buy soda.(2).The expression “na
34、nnystate regulation“ (para.3) _.（分数：2.50）A.reveals the confrontation between the conservatives and liberalsB.displays the affirmative attitude of the conservativesC.shows the conservatives“ contemptuous opinion towards the regulationD.tells us the concerning and caring nature of such regulation(3).W
35、hich of the following CANNOT be true about the SNAP?（分数：2.50）A.It is a government program involving the distribution of $71-billion food-stamps.B.It has restrictions on the purchase of alcohol, tobacco and hot foods.C.It targets at the American population of obesity and Type 2 diabetes patients.D.It
36、 triggers heated argument about the use of food-stamps to purchase soda.(4).The word “qualms“ from the expression “regardless of the qualms we may have“(para.5) can be paraphrased as _.（分数：2.50）A.non-descriptive sentimental emotionsB.feelings of uncertaintyC.empathies and concernsD.fears and depress
37、ions(5).Which of the following shows the author“s approach towards the soda issue?（分数：2.50）A.Subjective, critical and negative.B.Objective, analytical and explorative.C.Descriptive, neutral and imaginative.D.Vehement, concerning and sympathetic.Any downtime such as the Easter weekend break takes me
38、back to the summer of 2007 when I went on holiday and nearly died. It was the year the iPhone was born. The world was beginning to gorge on the gold rush of the Internet, social networks and mobile phonesthe so called “triple revolution“. I was no exception. With a new business and a new baby, I was
39、 exhausted. Whenever possible, I was going online in a world which, a decade on, posts more than 6,000 tweets a second, where 60% of Britons are on Facebook and 14m of us are on Instagram. There is a cost to all this connectedness and being “always on“. In 2007, arriving in Aldeburgh, Suffolk, famou
40、s for its lack of technology as much as its shingle shore, I went for a gentle jog along the beach to get in the holiday mood. Yet I felt myself grinding to a halt. I bad ignored a cold for months. Now I had the strange sensation that I was filling up with the shingle beneath me. Dragging myself bac
41、k to the cottage, I muttered: “I think I have overdone it.“ My husband and our children looked on with scepticism: wasn“t I just incapable of switching off? Three days later I was in Ipswich Hospital with pneumonia and sepsis. I was a few hours from all my organs shutting down. During my recovery I
42、mulled on what had happened to me and whether I was uniquely bad at managing my life. I began to notice there was something unhealthy about this new era of “infobesity“ and time poverty which has steadily worsened. I“ve been studying the effects of connectedness and its discontents and have been dev
43、ising strategies to counteract the impact that the Age of Overload is having on our health. I“m now publishing my findings about what I call “social health“. In it I recommend ways in which we can get the best of the fully connected era and not suffer its worst excesses. I have started by looking at
44、 the history of connectedness itself. The human has fought to become “king of the jungle“ in 200,000 short years. But in just an evolutionary nanosecond150 yearswe have jumped into an entirely new era. Everything from the telephone to central heating and. of course, the computer has transformed us f
45、or ever. Yet we are seeing a society and a “system“ that are not, for want of a better word, healthy. Evidence shows we are not happier, more productive, or always safer: more than 10m working days a year in the UK are lost to “stress“, anxiety and depression and global productivity is stagnant and,
46、 if anything, falling. Now that we live cheek by jowl with a new species, technology, we must preserve the very essence of what makes us human and which led us to the top of the animal kingdom: our instincts, our communication skills, our organisational abilities. They can be complemented but not co
47、mprehensively outsourced to technology or we pay a price: inefficiency, inaccuracy, incompetence. And disaffection, low productivity, stress and economic weakness. Yet we all hurtle on. The Road Runner Show cartoon tells a smart bird outruns the hapless Wile E Coyote who chases him, overrunning the
48、cliff edge, legs spinning hopelessly in perpetuity. It is useful to look at the postwar period because that is when the modern concept of health was first conceived with the creation of the World Health Organisation (WHO). Within its original definition is the goal of physical and mental health, “no
49、t merely the absence of disease or infirmity“. It refers to “social well-being“ but with no detail. We need an updated definition fit for purpose in this century. What exactly is social health? It means managing all forms of connectedness, online and offline. It means getting our “diet“ of information from people as much as from algorithms. It means developing habits around connectednessmuch as we do around keeping fit and watching what we eat. It means managing your networks as systematically as you would your finances. And it means one thing above all: managing your time and
