1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 48 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)To develop a little the line of the poet Edmund Spenser, who in the sixteenth century wrote, “ Sweet Thames run softly, till I end my song“: it still runs softly enough but could
2、never be called sweet in any gustatory 1 . If its brown-black color 2 sound sufficient warning we could, but will 3 recalling the dreadful things that Thames oarsmen say a mere mouthful will do to anyone 4 . Probably Spenser was using the word “sweet“ in the sense of “dear“ rather than of 5 . Not ne
3、cessarily though, for the river was still, a century after Spenser, clear enough for 6 to dive into it from the terraces of their waterside mansions. However, Spenser would probably 7 to learn that today the river is chemically in better shape than it has been for many yearsa fact borne out by the 8
4、 of fish now to be found, and angled for, in the reaches of Central London, that is, between, 9 , Battersea and Tower Bridges. More important, perhaps, than its 10 or opacity, the Thames is an 11 vantage point from which to see London, 12 how the great machine works and how it has changed. The river
5、 traffic was once brisker: engravings of the Thames around London Bridge 13 depict almost as many craft on the water as buildings on the bank. Traders and ferries plied up, down and across, 14 at the numerous water-steps and warehouses 15 . For Romantics, seeking a location to sympathize with a mood
6、, this is free; the river is a 16 source. By night the floodlighting of St. Pauls, the myriad bulbs on Chelsea Bridge, 17 the black liquid ribbon that winds between them. By day there are a hundred visits to make the spirit 18 , from Westminster to the Pool of London, and downstream to Greenwich. In
7、 a gender mood it is pleasant to move upstream, where the river seems narrower, and there imitate the mud-larks, 19 the shore at Strand-on-the-Green or Isleworth; it is calmer here, and 20 ducks seems almost to bring a whiff of the open countryside. （分数：30.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Qu
8、estions 1 to 5 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.To sign trade agreements respectively with France.B.To send some war material to Vietnam.C.To pull France out of its trouble in Indochina.D.To give France strong moral support in Indochina.A.Indochina was a complicated question .B.Britain wo
9、uld try to fend a way to solve the Indochina question.C.Britain could do nothing about Indochina as it was too far away from the UK.D.Indochina was essentially a French problem.A.The subject of playing golf.B.The question of how to dance waltz gracefully.C.The subject of body building by the young p
10、eople in France.D.The subject of literature.A.His understanding on the subject was superficial.B.He was prejudiced against translators.C.He had a rather deep appreciation of this subject.D.He really meant to say that one could not just translate literary works word for word.A.Walters just didn“t min
11、d that he had made a mistake.B.Walters was very nervous about the possible consequences of his incorrect translation.C.Walters immediately offered a sincere apology to Pidau.D.Walters felt extremely embarrassed as Pidau also happened to be an author and was quite proud of his writings too.Questions
12、6 to 10 are based on the following fieces of news. （分数：5.00）A.S. government.B.Washington.C.National Assembly.D.General Assembly.A.$ 100 million.B.$15 million.C.$2 million.D.$37 million.A.Because the resolution is non-binding.B.Because the sanctions are a bilateral issue.C.Because Cuba asks for too m
13、uch as compensation.D.Because the European Union supported America.A.45.B.8.C.37.D.53.A.Drug lords are attacking the police.B.Drug lords are assassinating the government officials.C.The government is sending suspected narcotics traffickers to the United States for trial.D.The government is clearing
14、up drug lords.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.At dawn.B.At sunset.C.In the middle of the day.D.In the afternoon.A.Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and it was still in perfect condition.B.Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and some of its parts were broken.C.Lady Be Goo
15、d was a wartime bomber and it was caught in a storm and had to land in the desert.D.Lady Be Good was a wartime bomber and it was shot down in the desert.A.Things can be well kept if it is hot and damp.B.Nothing can be preserved in wet weather.C.Things can be in good condition if it is hot and dry.D.
16、Nothing can be well preserved in a desert.A.an aero-plane.B.an illusion.C.a large rock.D.a truck.A.They would help the crew to get out of the desert.B.They would help the crew to have radio contact.C.They would help people to identify them.D.They would help the engineers to know what had befallen th
17、em.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.A controversial public-land policy.B.How independence from Britain was won.C.The land holdings of Massachusetts.D.How New Jersey developed its western land.A.Ohio.B.Illinois.C.The Mississippi River.D.The Appalachian Mountains.A.North
18、Carolina.B.South Carolina.C.Virginia.D.Georgia.A.To explain how one state strengthened its land claims.B.To criticize an effort to acquire additional resources.C.To show that many explorers searched for new lands.D.To question the validity of Virginia“s claims.A.Collecting taxes.B.Exporting crops.C.
19、Selling land.D.Raising cattle.四、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：4，分数：50.00)Biological clocks are physiological systems that enable organisms to live in harmony with the rhythms of nature, such as the cycles of day and night and of the seasons. Such biological “timers“ exist for almost every kind of periodi
20、city throughout the plant and animal world, but most of what is known about them comes from the study of circadian, or daily, rhythms. Circadian rhythms cue typical daily behavior patterns even in the absence of external cues such as sunrise, demonstrating that such patterns depend on internal timer
21、s for their periodicity. No clock is perfect, however. When organisms are deprived of the hints the world normally provides, they display a characteristic “free-running“ period of not quite 24 hours. As a result, free-running animals drift slowly out of phase with the natural world. In experiments i
22、n which people are isolated for long periods of time, they continue to eat and sleep on regular, but increasingly out-of-phase. Such drift does not take place under normal circumstances, because external hints reset the clocks each day. Light, particularly bright fight, is believed to be the most po
23、werful synchronizer of circadian rhythms. Recent studies on humans have shown that the amount of artificial indoor fight to which people are exposed per day can resynchronize the body“s cycle of sleep and wakefulness. People can inadvertently reset their body clocks to an undesired cycle by such act
24、ivities as shielding morning fight with shades and heavy curtains or by reading in bed at night by bright lamp fight. Many organisms also make use of rhythmic variations in temperature or other sensory inputs to readjust their internal timers. When a clock“s error becomes large, complete resetting s
25、ometimes requires days. This phenomenon is well known to long-distance air travelers as jet lag. Apparently, biological clocks can exist in every cell and even in different parts of a cell. Hence, an isolated piece of tissue removed from an organismfor example, the eye of a sea slugwill maintain its
26、 own daily rhythm but will quickly adopt that of the whole organism when restored to it. In the brains of most animals, a master clock appears to exist that communicates its timing signals chemically to the rest of the organism. For example, a brain removed from a moth pupa and exposed to an artific
27、ial sunrise of one time zone, then implanted into the abdomen of a headless pupa on a different time zone schedule, will cause the second pupa to emerge at the time of day appropriate to the disconnected brain floating in its abdomen. The clock in the brain triggers the release of a hormone that swi
28、tches on all the complex behavior involved in pupa emergence. In hamsters, experiments have shown a master biological clock to be located in the hypothalamus. Scientists believe that the biological clock in humans is located in the hypothalamus, the part of the brain that regulates such basic drives
29、 as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire. The biological clock itself is believed to be a cluster of nerve cells called the suprachiasmatic nucleus.（分数：10.00）(1).Biological docks cannot be found in_.（分数：2.50）A.stonesB.plantsC.animalsD.human beings(2).To reset a person“s biological dock, the most effect
30、ive way is the use of_.（分数：2.50）A.free-runningB.rewinding the clockC.lightD.changing the temperature(3).The word “maintain“ in paragraph 4 means_.（分数：2.50）A.keepB.abandonC.adoptD.protect(4)._is not controlled by the hypothalamus.（分数：2.50）A.Biological clockB.HungerC.ThirstD.WritingWholly aside from a
31、esthetic and moral considerations, fashion is an economic absurdity, and there is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we can appreciate the wisdom in Gina Lombroso“s belief that the enormous stress which women lay on everything pertaining to clothes and the art of personal adornment is con
32、nected with the tendency to crystallize sentiment into an object. Woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful gown means to a woman what an official decoration means to a man. “The temptation of dress is the last step in the ceremony to which the
33、 novice has to submit before entering the cloister. The memory of the gown which she too might have worn was the strongest temptation that assailed St. Catherine before she took her solemn vowsa gown, embroidered with gold and stars, like those her sister had worn, which her grandchildren would have
34、 gazed at with eyes filled with wonder and admiration If a woman“s clothes cost the family and society a little time, money, and activity, they allow woman, independent of lies and calumnies, to triumph and come to the fore outside of man“s world and competition. They allow woman to satisfy her desi
35、re to be the first in the most varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of woman“s activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worth-while ends; they give woman real satisfactiona
36、 satisfaction complete in itself, and independent of others, and they constitute a safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause. “ The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and distinctive.
37、But fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware of the p
38、rimitive, tribal impulsion; and this is true of fashions in manners, morals, and literature, as well as in clothes.（分数：15.00）(1).To a woman, a dress is_.（分数：2.50）A.a symbol of an important event in her lifeB.a sign to enable her to compete with manC.as meaningful as official decoration is to a manD.
39、both A and C(2).A woman“s clothes allow her to_.（分数：2.50）A.triumph outside of man“s worldB.compete on an equal basis in a man“s worldC.become an sexual objectD.deceive both men and women(3).Gina Lombroso believes that with regard to clothes and the art of personal adornment, women_.（分数：2.50）A.are in
40、dividualisticB.tend to crystallize sentiment into an objectC.are not sentimentalD.are really not fashion conscious(4).The author believes that fashion_.（分数：2.50）A.is primarily concerned with beautyB.is concerned only with the clothes that are beautiful and distinctive_.C.promotes individualityD.prom
41、otes conformity(5).According to the passage, women“s absorption in clothes_.（分数：2.50）A.constitutes a great danger to societyB.saves society from more dangerous evils than those it causesC.is the only satisfaction a woman gets out of lifeD.is a source of constant dissatisfaction to a woman(6).Accordi
42、ng to the author, women who follow fashions vigorously_.（分数：2.50）A.are highly individualisticB.follow their own inclinationsC.obey a primitive, tribal impulseD.are wealthy and beautifulThe Microsoft antitrust trial inched close to a final ruling from U. S. District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson on T
43、uesday, as the software vendor fried a brief refuting his contention that the company has a monopoly in PC operating systems. Microsoft also claimed that U. S. government prosecutors have not satisfied the burden of proof for any of their antitrust claims. Microsoft made the arguments in its propose
44、d conclusions of lawa document of more than 100 pagesfried with the court Tuesday stating the company“s interpretation of how antitrust law should be applied to Jackson“s findings of fact. The software giant said having an extremely popular productWindowsdoes not make it a monopolist. In his finding
45、s of fact issued November 5, 1999, Jackson said Microsoft “enjoys a monopoly“ in the personal computer market. A month later the government and 19 U. S. states alleged in their proposed conclusions of law that Microsoft engaged in illegal “monopoly maintenance“ to protect and extend Windows“ dominan
46、ce and then tried to monopolize the Internet browser market. Microsoft refuted all those claims in its brief Tuesday, citing numerous cases and court findings over the past 30 years. The company said the case law demonstrates that it did not engage in anticompetitive conduct that contributed signifi
47、cantly to the maintenance of a monopoly. Microsoft also cited the June 1998 Appeals Court ruling that called the union of Windows and Internet Explorer “a genuine integration“ The brief comes one week after reports began circulating that the government is preparing to propose the breakup of Microsof
48、t into two or three parts. It restates many of Microsoft“s defenses, claiming that the integration of Web browsing software into Windows benefited millions of consumers and that the software vendor did not prevent users from obtaining Netscape Navigator. Jackson“s findings of fact expressly found th
49、at “manyif not mostconsumers can be said to benefit from Microsoft“s provisions of Web browsing functionality with its Windows operating system at no additional charge,“ the document says. The brief further states that the findings of fact did not say that Microsoft acted with a specific intent to obtain monopoly power in the market for Web browsers. “The Court instead found that Microsoft attempted to increase Internet Explorer“s usage share to such a level as would prevent Netscape Navigator from becoming the “standard“ We
