1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 42 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Welcome to the University Library. Our library is an 1 and the core of undergraduate teaching programs. A million 2 supply the needs of all members of the University and form 3 fo
2、r research throughout the southwest region. The main library, comprising the headquarters of the system and the 4 Library, is a modern functional building which seats over 700 readers and provides 5 lending services. The remainder of the Library“s stock and services are located in faculty and 6 in M
3、edicine, Science, Engineering, Education and Law. All branches have access to the Library“s automated catalogue. Special attention is given to the 7 of heavily used books to 8 of material essential for undergraduate study. Reference and reading facilities remain available through the weekend. It is
4、planned to extend automated lending services and to provide 9 catalogues throughout the campus. Next, I“d like to talk about our computer facilities. Our Computer Centre, in the Winston Churchill Building, offers 10 to both students and staff. In addition to 11 the computer services in common use; t
5、he Computer Centre organizes 12 and provides documentation for all services. In addition to 13 , the Centre has several based on video cassettes and others using 14 . And finally, let me mention our Language Laboratory and 15 . The Centre is situated in 35 Woodland Road in the new Faculty of 16 . Th
6、ere are three language laboratories which may be used for classes or individual work to 17 . The installation comprised sixty booths and three console teacher desks with machines capable of 18 at the same time. The tape library of more than 3,000 tapes includes languages at various levels. Provision
7、 is also made for 19 and for listening to recordings of plays and poetry in a number of languages. The Centre is 20 for the making in audio material. That completes my introduction to our University Library. I hope you“ll enjoy using our facilities. If you have any questions, please stop by at any t
8、ime. Thank you. （分数：30.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.From 6 am to 6 pm.B.From 9 am to 9 pm.C.From 6 am to midnight.D.All day.A.Because maternity patients get very tired if they have visitors all the time.B.Because matern
9、ity patients want to be quiet.C.Because hospitals open during this period.D.Because doctors visit patients early in the morning.A.Everyone.B.Children only.C.Friends only.D.Immediate family.A.Patients“ relatives are allowed to be there for them.B.Each patient shall have up to 4 visitors.C.Everyone ca
10、n visit the emergency department at all hours.D.The room gets very crowded if there are many visitors in Emergency.A.Dr. Thomas in the morning and Dr. Robertson in the afternoon.B.Dr. Thomas in the afternoon and Dr. Robertson in the morning.C.Dr. Kim in the morning and Dr. Robertson in the afternoon
11、.D.Dr. Kim only.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.Encouraging industrial mergers and acquisitions.B.Curbing monopolies in certain industries.C.Re-writing the EU“s governing treaty.D.Solving their conflicts with national governments in EU.A.Serious petrol shortage.B.S. and
12、 British invasion.C.Unreliable power supply.D.Insurgent attacks.A.They have combed London“s theater and entertainment district for bombs.B.They have launched a new anti-terrorism command.C.They hired more explosive officers for safety concerns.D.They have found one more bomb packed into a car.A.Insu
13、lting Islam in its government news release.B.Awarding a knighthood to Salman Rushdie.C.Offending Ayatollah Khomeini.D.Constantly sheltering Salman Rushdie from one safe house to another.A.10 million dollars.B.15 million dollars.C.20 million dollars.D.25 million dollars.Questions 11 to 15 are based o
14、n the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.To concentrate on people who the general public didn“t know.B.To focus on people who had something original to say.C.To write about the lifestyles of local people.D.To write a weekly column for a local paper.A.Actor.B.Film producer.C.Director.D.Editor.A.An actre
15、ss.B.An editor.C.A journalist.D.A film producer.A.The owners were reluctant to change things.B.The magazine didn“t make any profit.C.The owners wanted her to leave.D.The magazine was unpopular.A.She had to read everything about six times.B.She didn“t have the brilliant writers.C.She didn“t have righ
16、t staff to read all the material when it came in.D.She trusted her employees.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.Because of its quality.B.Because of its price.C.Because of commercials and advertisements.D.Because of its package.A.It gives us true information about everythi
17、ng.B.It informs consumers about new products available on the market.C.It confuses our sense of reality.D.It tells us the products benefits.A.To whiten our teeth immediately.B.To be a member of a football team.C.To become a movie star.D.To be popular and have friends.A.Certain colors.B.Consumers“ pe
18、rsonal preferences.C.Certain words.D.Motives of fear.A.Because they think they have the freedom of choice.B.Because they like to think they make wise choices.C.Because they probably don“t realize the powerful effect of advertising.D.Because they don“t watch TV a lot.四、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：4，分数：5
19、0.00)You have seen them in movies: scientists who are infallible and coldly objective-little more than animated computers in white lab coats. They take measurements and record results as if the collection of data were the sole object of their lives. The assumption= If one gathers enough facts about
20、something, the relationships between those facts will spontaneously reveal themselves. Nonsense! The myth of the infallible scientist evaporates when one thinks of the number of great ideas in science whose originators were correct in general but wrong in detail. The English physicist John Dalton ge
21、ts credit for modern atomic theory, but his mathematical formulas for calculating atomic weights were incorrect. The Polish astronomer Copernicus, who corrected Ptolemy“s ancient concept of an Earth-centered universe, nevertheless was mistaken in the particulars of the planets“ orbits. Luck, too, ha
22、s played a determining role in scientific discovery. The French chemist Pasteur demonstrated that life does not arise spontaneously from air. But it may have been luck that he happened to use an easy-to-kill yeast and not the hay bacillus that another, long-forgotten, investigator had chosen for the
23、 same experiment. We now know that hay bacillus is heat-resistant and grows even after the boiling that killed Pasteur“s yeast. If Pasteur had used the hay bacillus, his “proof“ would not have materialized. Gregor Mendel, the founder of modern genetics, epitomizes the humanness of the scientist. Pla
24、nt hybridization intrigued and puzzled Mendel, an Augustinian monk with some training in mathematics and the natural sciences. He had read in the professional literature that crosses between certain species regularly yielded many hybrids with identical traits; but when hybrids were crossed, all kind
25、s of strange new combinations of traits cropped up. The principle of inheritance, if there was one, was elusive. Mendel had the basic idea that there might be simple mathematical relationships among plants in different generations. To pursue this hypothesis, he decided to establish experimental plot
26、s in the monastery garden at Brunn, raise a number of varieties of peas, interbreed them, count and classify the offspring of each generation, and see whether any reliable mathematical ratios could be deduced. After many years of meticulously growing, harvesting, and counting pea plants, Mendel thou
27、ght he had something worth talking about. So, in 1865, he appeared before the Brunn Society for the Study of Natural Science, reported on his research, and postulated what have since come to be called the Mendelian laws. Society members listened politely but, insofar as anybody knows, asked few ques
28、tions and engaged in little discussion. It may even be that, as he proceeded, a certain suspicion emerged out of the embarrassed silence. After all, Mendel lacked a degree and had published no research. Now, if Pasteur had advanced this idea. Mendel“s assertion that separate and distinct “elements“
29、of inheritance must exist, despite the fact that he couldn“t produce any, was close to asking the society to accept something on faith. There was no evidence for Mendel“s hypothesis other than his computations; and his wildly unconventional application of algebra to botany made it difficult for his
30、listeners to understand that those computations were the evidence. Mendel undoubtedly died without knowing that his findings on peas had indeed illuminated a well-nigh universal pattern. Luck had been with him in his choice of which particular traits to study. We now know that groups of genes do not
31、 always act independently. Often they are linked, their effect being to transmit a package of traits. Knowing nothing about genes, let alone the phenomenon of linkage, Mendel was spared failure because the traits that he chose to follow were each controlled separately. The probability of making such
32、 a happy choice in random picks is only about 1 in 163!（分数：12.50）(1).The word “Nonsense!“ conveys the extent to which the author（分数：2.50）A.objects to the tendency of scientists to rely on existing dataB.rejects the way in which scientists are portrayed in the mediaC.is amused at the accidental natur
33、e of some scientific findingsD.opposes the glorification of certain scientists at the expense of others(2).The author cites the example of Copernicus to substantiate which of the following claims?（分数：2.50）A.The achievements of scientists are not always recognized.B.Scientific progress depends on a v
34、ariety of factors.C.Scientists often suffer from professional jealousy and competition.D.Noted scientists are not always wholly accurate in their theories.(3).The authors imply that in comparison to Mendel, Pasteur（分数：2.50）A.was a more proficient researcherB.based his theories on more extensive inve
35、stigationsC.possessed a more impressive professional reputationD.was more meticulous in his observations(4).The “universal pattern“ in the last paragraph refers to（分数：2.50）A.the way traits usually reappear in succeeding generationsB.a tendency of botanists to resist purely theoretical proofC.the way
36、 peas tend to exhibit the quality of linked traitsD.a similarity between Mendel“s experiments and those of succeeding geneticists(5).The passage suggests that Mendel“s experiments succeeded because（分数：2.50）A.Mendel discovered flaws in his research design and corrected themB.Mendel had a thorough und
37、erstanding of the concept of linked traitsC.the scientific community finally understood the connection between mathematical computations and heredityD.the traits in peas happen to reappear in a distinct and predictable wayAn eccentric is by definition someone whose behavior is abnormal, someone who
38、refuses to conform to the accepted norms of his society. This, of course, immediately begs the question, “What is normal?“ Most of us, after all, have our quirks and oddities. It may be a passion for entering newspaper competitions, a compulsion for collecting beer mats, a tendency to write indignan
39、t letters to the press on every conceivable subject. Eccentricity is the assertion of our individuality. Within most of us that urge is constantly in conflict with the contrary force. It is as though in the depths of our psyche we have two locomotives head-to- head on the same track, pushing against
40、 each other. One is called individualism and the other conformity, and in most of us it is conformity that is more powerful. The desire to be accepted, loved, appreciated, to feel at one with our fellows, is stronger than the desire to stand out in the crowd, to be our own man, to do our own thing.
41、Notice, for example, how people who have unusual hobbies, strong opinions, or unconventional behaviour, tend to congregate. They form clubs, hold meetings, and organize rallies where they can get together and discuss their common enthusiasms or problems. The important word is “common“. They look for
42、 other people with whom they can share what in the normal run of events is regarded by relatives, friends and neighbors as an oddity. A crowd, even a small crowd, is reassuring. Probably all of us recognize a tension within ourselves between the two forces of individualism and conformity, for at the
43、 same time that most of us are going with the crowd, we tend to resent any suggestion that this is what we are doing. We feel a self-conscious need to assert our individuality as when the belligerent man at the bar informs his small audience, “Well, I say what I think.“ Or the wary stranger to whom
44、we have just been introduced announces, “You must take me as you find me. I don“t stand on ceremony.“ Any of us can, at any time, reverse this trend. We can stoke the boiler of individualism, assert our own personality. Many people have made it to the top in their chosen professions. One example is
45、Bob Dylan, the American singer, who has gone on record as saying, “When you feel in your gut what you are doing and then dynamically pursue itdon“t back down and don“t give upthen you“re going to mystify a lot of folk.“ But that self-conscious assertion of individuality is not eccentricity, at least
46、 not in the early stages. When a pop singer deliberately wears bizarre clothes to gain publicity, or a society hostess makes outrageous comments about her guests in order to get herself noticed in the gossip columns, that is not eccentricity. However, if the pop star and the society hostess perpetua
47、te such activities until they become a part of themselves, until they are no longer able to return to what most of us consider “normal behaviour“, then they certainly would qualify. For the most important ingredient of eccentricity is its naturalness. Eccentrics are not people who deliberately try t
48、o be odd, they simply are odd. The true eccentric is not merely indifferent to public opinion, he is scarcely conscious at all. He simply does what he does, because of who he is. And this marks the eccentric as essentially different from, for example, enthusiasts, practical jokers, brilliant crimina
49、ls, exhibitionists and recluses. These people are all very conscious of the world around them. Much of what they do, they do in reaction to the world in which they live. Some wish to make an impression on society, some wish to escape from society, but all are very much aware of society. The eccentric alone goes on his merry way regardless.（分数：12.50）(1).According to the writer, eccentric people（分数：2.50）A.want to show that they are differentB.try to do what is expected of themC.express their own views in publicD.pretend to be something they are not(2).Eccentric people tend to form into group
