1、上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟题 2-(1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、听写填空(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Women who are stressed while trying 1 are more likely to have girls, research suggests. A study found that those who were under pressure 2 , work or in their love life in the weeks or months before becoming 3 had higher than u
2、sual odds of giving birth to a daughter 4 a son. The finding, by Oxford University and U.S. researchers, 5 the economic downturn could see more women give birth to 6 . The study follows others that have shown 7 goes down following major upheavals. For instance, in the months after the 9.11 8 , the n
3、umber of boys born in New York plunged, while the economic chaos 9 followed the collapse of the Berlin Wall saw far fewer boys born 10 in the former East Germany in 1991. But the latest study is the first 11 to the stresses and strains of everyday life and to rising levels of stress hormones. 12 fro
4、m around the U.K. who were trying to get pregnant kept diaries about their lives and 13 about how stressed they felt. Levels of stress hormones including cortisol were measured 14 before pregnancy. Among the 15 of the women who had the highest amounts of cortisol 16 , the sex ratio was clearly skewe
5、d towards girls, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine“s annual conference heard. The most stressed women were up to 17 to have boys than the least stressed, the conference in Orlando, Florida, 18 . Cortisol levels rise when people suffer long-term stress such as pressure at work and bad re
6、lationships. It isn“t known why 19 cortisol appear to cut the odds of having a boy. But, if the link is firmed up, 20 may be told about the benefits of relaxation, in the same way as they are now advised to take care of their health in other ways. （分数：50.00）Workers who commute by 21 to the office ar
7、e more likely to suffer from stress and exhaustion, 22 . Scientists assessed 23 employees aged between 18 and 65. They found that those who travelled to work by car or 24 reported higher levels of stress and tiredness compared to 25 who travelled by foot or bicycle. It is now expected that 26 , from
8、 Lund University in Sweden, will encourage 27 the health impacts of commuting and the best forms of transportation. Researcher Erik Hansson said: “Generally 28 suffered more everyday stress, 29 , exhaustion and, on a seven point scale, felt that they struggled with their health 30 the active commute
9、rs. “ “The negative health of public transport users increased with 31 .“ According to the Office for National Statistics, the average Briton commutes for 32 But now the scientists claim that the advantages of daily travel, such as higher pay or 33 , need to be weighed against the adverse health eff
10、ects. It may also have a cost impact on industry. According to a CBI and Pfizer Absence and Workplace Health Survey, the U.K. economy lost 34 working days to absence last year, with each employee taking an average of 35 , costing employers 17billion. However researchers 36 that the findings, publish
11、ed in the journal BMC Public Health, 37 commuting causes ill health and further research is needed. Income, family background and 38 are other variables that need to be considered. Hansson added that 39 to “readdress the balance between economic needs, health, and 40 .“ （分数：50.00）上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟题
12、2-(1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、听写填空(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Women who are stressed while trying 1 are more likely to have girls, research suggests. A study found that those who were under pressure 2 , work or in their love life in the weeks or months before becoming 3 had higher than usual odds of giving
13、birth to a daughter 4 a son. The finding, by Oxford University and U.S. researchers, 5 the economic downturn could see more women give birth to 6 . The study follows others that have shown 7 goes down following major upheavals. For instance, in the months after the 9.11 8 , the number of boys born i
14、n New York plunged, while the economic chaos 9 followed the collapse of the Berlin Wall saw far fewer boys born 10 in the former East Germany in 1991. But the latest study is the first 11 to the stresses and strains of everyday life and to rising levels of stress hormones. 12 from around the U.K. wh
15、o were trying to get pregnant kept diaries about their lives and 13 about how stressed they felt. Levels of stress hormones including cortisol were measured 14 before pregnancy. Among the 15 of the women who had the highest amounts of cortisol 16 , the sex ratio was clearly skewed towards girls, the
16、 American Society for Reproductive Medicine“s annual conference heard. The most stressed women were up to 17 to have boys than the least stressed, the conference in Orlando, Florida, 18 . Cortisol levels rise when people suffer long-term stress such as pressure at work and bad relationships. It isn“
17、t known why 19 cortisol appear to cut the odds of having a boy. But, if the link is firmed up, 20 may be told about the benefits of relaxation, in the same way as they are now advised to take care of their health in other ways. （分数：50.00）解析：for a baby 听力原文 Women who are stressed while trying for a b
18、aby are more likely to have girls, research suggests. A study found that those who were under pressure at home, work or in their love life in the weeks or months before becoming pregnant had higher than usual odds of giving birth to a daughter rather than a son. The finding, by Oxford University and
19、 U.S. researchers, means the economic downturn could see more women give birth to daughters. The study follows others that have shown the number of baby boys goes down following major upheavals. For instance, in the months after the 9.11 terrorist attacks, the number of boys born in New York plunged
20、, while the economic chaos that followed the collapse of the Berlin Wall saw far fewer boys born than expected in the former East Germany in 1991. But the latest study is the first to link the phenomenon to the stresses and strains of everyday life and to rising levels of stress hormones. Some 338 w
21、omen from around the U.K. who were trying to get pregnant kept diaries about their lives and filled in questionnaires about how stressed they felt. Levels of stress hormones including cortisol were measured in the months before pregnancy. Among the 50 percent of the women who had the highest amounts
22、 of cortisol before pregnancy, the sex ratio was clearly skewed towards girls, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine“s annual conference heard. The most stressed women were up to 75 percent less likely to have boys than the least stressed, the conference in Orlando, Florida, was told. Corti
23、sol levels rise when people suffer long-term stress such as pressure at work and bad relationships. It isn“t known why high levels of cortisol appear to cut the odds of having a boy. But, if the link is firmed up, would-be mothers may be told about the benefits of relaxation, in the same way as they
24、 are now advised to take care of their health in other ways.解析：at home解析：pregnant解析：rather than解析：means解析：daughters解析：the number of baby boys解析：terrorist attacks解析：that解析：than expected解析：to link the phenomenon解析：Some 338 women解析：filled in questionnaires解析：in the months解析：50 per cent解析：before pregnan
25、cy解析：75 percent less likely解析：was told解析：high levels of解析：would-be mothersWorkers who commute by 21 to the office are more likely to suffer from stress and exhaustion, 22 . Scientists assessed 23 employees aged between 18 and 65. They found that those who travelled to work by car or 24 reported high
26、er levels of stress and tiredness compared to 25 who travelled by foot or bicycle. It is now expected that 26 , from Lund University in Sweden, will encourage 27 the health impacts of commuting and the best forms of transportation. Researcher Erik Hansson said: “Generally 28 suffered more everyday s
27、tress, 29 , exhaustion and, on a seven point scale, felt that they struggled with their health 30 the active commuters. “ “The negative health of public transport users increased with 31 .“ According to the Office for National Statistics, the average Briton commutes for 32 But now the scientists cla
28、im that the advantages of daily travel, such as higher pay or 33 , need to be weighed against the adverse health effects. It may also have a cost impact on industry. According to a CBI and Pfizer Absence and Workplace Health Survey, the U.K. economy lost 34 working days to absence last year, with ea
29、ch employee taking an average of 35 , costing employers 17billion. However researchers 36 that the findings, published in the journal BMC Public Health, 37 commuting causes ill health and further research is needed. Income, family background and 38 are other variables that need to be considered. Han
30、sson added that 39 to “readdress the balance between economic needs, health, and 40 .“ （分数：50.00）解析：car, bus or train 听力原文 Workers who commute by car, bus or train to the office are more likely to suffer from stress and exhaustion, according to a study. Scientists assessed 12,000 employees aged betw
31、een 18 and 65. They found that those who travelled to work by car or public transport reported higher levels of stress and tiredness compared to active commuters who travelled by foot or bicycle. It is now expected that the study, from Lund University in Sweden, will encourage further investigation
32、into the health impacts of commuting and the best forms of transportation. Researcher Erik Hansson said: Generally car and public transport users suffered more everyday stress, poorer sleep quality, exhaustion and, on a seven point scale, felt that they struggled with their health compared to the ac
33、tive commuters. “The negative health of public transport users increased with journey time.“ According to the Office for National Statistics, the average Briton commutes for 54 minutes every day. But now the scientists claim that the advantages of daily travel, such as higher pay or housing conditio
34、ns, need to be weighed against the adverse health effects. It may also have a cost impact on industry. According to a CBI and Pfizer Absence and Workplace Health Survey, the U.K. economy lost 190 million working days to absence last year, with each employee taking an average of 6.5 days off sick, co
35、sting employers 7 billion. However researchers highlight that the findings, published in the journal BMC Public Health, do not prove that commuting causes ill health and further research is needed. Income, family background and environmental factors are other variables that need to be considered. Ha
36、nsson added that the findings would help to “readdress the balance between economic needs, health, and the costs of working days lost“.解析：according to a study解析：12,000解析：public transport解析：active commuters解析：the study解析：further investigation into解析：car and public transport users解析：poorer sleep quality解析：compared to解析：journey time解析：54 minutes every day解析：housing conditions解析：190 million解析：6.5 days off sick解析：highlight解析：do not prove that解析：environmental factors解析：the findings would help解析：the costs of working days lost
