1、上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟题 12及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、TRANSLATION TEST(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.I see from the current columns of the daily press that “Professor Plumb, of the University of Chicago, has just invented a highly concentrated form of food. All the essential nutritive elements are put together in t
2、he form of pellets, each of which contains from one to two hundred times as much nourishment as an ounce of an ordinary article of diet. These pellets, diluted with water, will form all that is necessary to support life. The Professor looks forward confidently to revolutionizing the present food sys
3、tem.“ Now this kind of thing may be all very well in its way, but it is going to have its drawbacks as well. In the bright future anticipated by Professor Plumb, We can easily imagine such incidents as the following: The smiling family were gathered round the hospitable board. The table bucket of ho
4、t water stood before the radiant mother, and at the head of the board was the Christmas dinner of the happy home, warmly covered by a thimble and resting on a poker chip. The expectant whispers of the little ones were hushed as the father, rising from his chair, lifted the thimble and disclosed a sm
5、all pill of concentrated nourishment on the chip before him. Christmas turkey, cranberry sauce, plum pudding, mince pieit was all there, all jammed into that little pill and only waiting to expand. Then the father with deep reverence, and a devout eye alternating between the pill and heaven, 1ifted
6、his voice in a benediction. At this moment there was an agonized cry from the mother. “Oh, Henry, quick! Baby has snatched the pill!“ It was too true. Dear little Gustavus Adolphus, the golden-haired baby boy, had grabbed the whole Christmas dinner off the poker chip and bolted it. Three hundred and
7、 fifty pounds of concentrated nourishment passed down the oesophagus of the unthinking child. “Clap him on the back!“ cried the distracted mother. “Give him water!“ The idea was fatal. The water striking the pill caused it to expand. There was a dull rumbling sound and then, with an awful bang, Gust
8、avus Adolphus exploded into fragments! And when they gathered the little corpse together, the baby“s lips were parted in a lingering smile that could only be worn by a child who had eaten thirteen Christmas dinners. （分数：25.00）_2.Franklin“s life is full of charming stories which all young men should
9、knowhow he peddled ballads in Boston, and stood, the guest of kings, in Europe; how he worked his passage as a stowaway to Philadelphia, and rode in the queen“s own litter in France: how he walked the streets of Philadelphia, homeless and unknown, with three penny rolls for his breakfast, and dined
10、at the tables of princes, and received his friends in a palace; how he raised a kite from a cow shed, and was showered with all the high degrees the colleges of the world could give; how he was duped by a false friend as a boy, and became the friend of all humanity as a man; how he was made Major Ge
11、neral Franklin, only to resign because, as he said, he was no soldier, and yet helped to organize the army that stood before the trained troops of England and Germany. This poor Boston boy, with scarcely a day“s schooling, became master of six languages and never stopped learning; this neglected app
12、rentice tamed the lightning, made his name famous, received degrees and diplomas from colleges in both hemispheres, and became forever remembered as “Doctor Franklin“, philosopher, patriot, scientist, philanthropist and statesman. Self-made, self-taught, and self-reared, the candle maker“s son gave
13、light to all the world; the street ballad seller set all men singing of liberty; the runaway apprentice became the most sought after man of two continents, and brought his native land to praise and honor him. He built America, for what our Republic is today is largely due to the prudence, the foreth
14、ought, the statesmanship, the enterprise, the wisdom, and the ability of Benjamin Franklin. He belongs to the world, but especially does he belong to America. As the nations honored him while living, so the Republic glorifies him when dead, and has enshrined him in the choicest of its nichesthe one
15、he regarded as the loftiestthe hearts of the common people, from whom he had sprung and in their hearts Franklin will liver forever. （分数：25.00）_3.What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the
16、reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality. You may say: “If one wants truth,
17、 why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.“ Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality. What these people write in their accounts of happenings is not confinin
18、g itself to what happened. The novel does not simply recount experience; it adds to experience. I hope you will see what I mean. It is not news at all, not anything sensational or spectacular. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist“s imagination has a power of
19、 its own. It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, greater truth and greater inner reality to what may well be ordinary and everyday things. So much is artthe art that, in common with poetry, drama, painting, and music, does, we all know, e
20、nter into the novel. But not less and absolutely joined with the art is craft, and craftcraftsmanshipis absolutely and surely an essential for the writing of a novel. I have said the novel is a story. It is the story aspect that I am talking about first and now, and the craft of the novelist does li
21、e first of all in story telling. Would you or I, as readers, be drawn into a novel if our interest was not pegged to the personalities and outlooks and the actions of the people whom we encounter inside the story? They are the attractive elements in the book. This being so, which comes first actuall
22、y into the mind of the novelist when he begins to work: the people, or character, or the plot? Do not think it strange when I say that the plot comes first. The actual idea or outline of a book is therethe possibilities of a situationand then the novelist thinks, “what would be the kind of person wh
23、o would perform such an action? What would be the other kind of person who would react in a particular way?“ I think to myself “I need a proud man,“ or “I need a woman so idiotically romantic in temperament that she will do unwise things.“ or “I need perhaps an almost excessively innocent or ignoran
24、t young person.“ In that sense the characters are called into existence by the demands of the plot; but I do not want you to feel that the characters are merely invented to formula. That is not so at a11. Their existence having begun, they take into themselves a most extraordinary and imperative rea
25、lity. And their relation with plot is a dual one because, though to an extent the demands of the plot control them, the plot also serves to give them force and purpose. And, because of the plot, those characters are so shown and so brought into action that as little as possible of them shall go to w
26、aste. The people, the characters in a novel, must carry with them into the book their own kind of inevitability. We are conscious when we meet the people involved in a story that they have something within them which will probably take them towards some inevitable fate or end. If that inevitability
27、breaks downif the characters are compelled by the author to do what we instinctively know they would not dothen I think we feel that there is a flaw in the reality of the novel. （分数：25.00）_4.Like the replacement of its old buildings with skyscrapers and the widening of two-lane roads into superhighw
28、ays, China is instituting massive financial reform to foster growth and prosperity. The government has won global respect for its willingness to tackle banking, securities and state enterprise reform and to begin opening China“s markets. At the same time, the government has wisely realized that expo
29、rt growth and foreign direct investment alone cannot drive the kind of growth necessary to sustain development in China. The fact is that domestic consumption will become increasingly more important in fueling China“s continuing economic growth. As we have seen in many markets around the world, the
30、development of consumer finance has been critical in stimulating domestic consumption. The use of credit plays an essential role in economic development. Credit provides consumers with more options, and allows them to choose from a wider variety of products and services to meet their desired lifesty
31、les. And the use of credit cards in particular gets cash out from under the bed and begins to build banking habits. But the role of credit does not stop here. It is merely a starting point in the economic development cycle. An increase in consumer spending power leads to greater demand for goods and
32、 services. This in turn spurs growth in small-to-medium-sized businesses. The end result is a more mature, diversified economy. based around strong domestic demand and supply, and less vulnerable to external pressures. Think of it as an insurance policy against another regional economic downturn. Wh
33、ile parallel development of the consumer finance and credit card industries is needed for long-term economic growth, other initiatives are also necessary to fully develop a sound. strong credit environment. China is changing, and so are its consumers. It wasn“t so long ago that consumers had limited
34、 choices in the purchase of goods and services. But today, consumers are faced with a tremendous amount of choice, which is increasing every day. The development of new payment systems and options must proceed in tandem with growth in consumer choice. To ensure appropriate consumer response and to h
35、elp make for a smooth transition, educational and legislative programs are paramount. For example, consumer education on the wise use of credit and financial planning will promote responsible card usage. And consumer rights legislation will help instill consumer confidence in the industry. Providing
36、 a strong foundation for the sound issuance of credit cards can also be achieved through risk management initiative such as the establishment of a centralized credit bureau. This will allow banks to ascertain if consumers have a past credit rating and are a “good“ risk. All these compelling areascon
37、sumer education, legislation, and risk managementcombined with continued infrastructure development, will enable China“s payment systems to expand and evolve to the next level. （分数：25.00）_上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟题 12答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、TRANSLATION TEST(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.I see from the current colum
38、ns of the daily press that “Professor Plumb, of the University of Chicago, has just invented a highly concentrated form of food. All the essential nutritive elements are put together in the form of pellets, each of which contains from one to two hundred times as much nourishment as an ounce of an or
39、dinary article of diet. These pellets, diluted with water, will form all that is necessary to support life. The Professor looks forward confidently to revolutionizing the present food system.“ Now this kind of thing may be all very well in its way, but it is going to have its drawbacks as well. In t
40、he bright future anticipated by Professor Plumb, We can easily imagine such incidents as the following: The smiling family were gathered round the hospitable board. The table bucket of hot water stood before the radiant mother, and at the head of the board was the Christmas dinner of the happy home,
41、 warmly covered by a thimble and resting on a poker chip. The expectant whispers of the little ones were hushed as the father, rising from his chair, lifted the thimble and disclosed a small pill of concentrated nourishment on the chip before him. Christmas turkey, cranberry sauce, plum pudding, min
42、ce pieit was all there, all jammed into that little pill and only waiting to expand. Then the father with deep reverence, and a devout eye alternating between the pill and heaven, 1ifted his voice in a benediction. At this moment there was an agonized cry from the mother. “Oh, Henry, quick! Baby has
43、 snatched the pill!“ It was too true. Dear little Gustavus Adolphus, the golden-haired baby boy, had grabbed the whole Christmas dinner off the poker chip and bolted it. Three hundred and fifty pounds of concentrated nourishment passed down the oesophagus of the unthinking child. “Clap him on the ba
44、ck!“ cried the distracted mother. “Give him water!“ The idea was fatal. The water striking the pill caused it to expand. There was a dull rumbling sound and then, with an awful bang, Gustavus Adolphus exploded into fragments! And when they gathered the little corpse together, the baby“s lips were pa
45、rted in a lingering smile that could only be worn by a child who had eaten thirteen Christmas dinners. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：日前，我从日报的专栏上看到这样一段话：“芝加哥大学的普伦姆教授刚发明了一种高浓缩食品。所有必需的营养元素统统集中在小丸里，每一粒小丸所含营养，是一盎司普通食品的一百到二百倍。这种小丸一经水稀释，会形成维持生命所必需的一切营养。普伦姆教授充满信心地期待着对现在的食品系统进行一场革命。” 这种事情也许自有好处，但也会有自身的缺陷。在普伦姆教授预期的光明未
46、来，我们不难想象会发生下面这样的事故： 一家人满面笑容，围坐在丰盛的餐桌前。红光满面的母亲面前放着一桶热水，餐桌的一头是这个幸福人家的圣诞大餐，放在一片圆形筹码上，暖暖和和地盖在一个顶针箍下面。孩子们充满期待，轻声地交头接耳，这时候父亲站起身来，孩子们顿时鸦雀无声。父亲提起他面前的顶针箍，露出了筹码片上的一粒食物浓缩小丸。圣诞火鸡、越橘酱、洋李布丁、肉馅饼应有尽有，统统塞在这粒小小的丸子里，只等膨胀开来。这时候，父亲深怀敬意，用虔诚的目光一会儿看看小丸子，一会儿又看看上天，然后抬高嗓门做起感恩祷告。就在这个时候，母亲痛苦地大声叫了起来：“哦，亨利，快!小宝宝抓走了丸子!” 可不是么，可爱的小古
47、斯塔瓦斯阿道尔弗斯，这个金发小不点，刚刚一把从筹码片上抓走了全部圣诞大餐，一口吞进嘴里。350 磅浓缩食物全都穿过了这个没头脑的孩子的食管。 “拍他的背!”手足无措的母亲大叫起来。“给他水喝!” 这可是个要命的主意。小丸子一碰到水就胀开了。只听得一阵低低的隆隆声，紧接着是可怕的“砰”的一声，古斯塔瓦斯阿道尔弗斯炸成了碎片! 当一家人把小不点的尸体碎片捡到一起时，他的嘴唇微微张开着，嘴角上挂着一丝微笑，这样的微笑只有一人吃了十三份圣诞大餐的小孩子才会发出来!2.Franklin“s life is full of charming stories which all young men shou
48、ld knowhow he peddled ballads in Boston, and stood, the guest of kings, in Europe; how he worked his passage as a stowaway to Philadelphia, and rode in the queen“s own litter in France: how he walked the streets of Philadelphia, homeless and unknown, with three penny rolls for his breakfast, and dined at the tables of princes, and received his friends in a palace; how he raised a kite from a cow shed, and was showered with all the hi
