1、剑桥商务英语中级-154 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)ASherwood House is only a stones throw away from the city centre and yet provides a stress- free and relaxing atmosphere for your business meetings. We have six meeting rooms, each with full conference facilitie
2、s. Our reception desk is staffed around the clock, ready to deal with any calls; our highly experienced catering staff are responsible for an exciting variety of menus at affordable prices.BThe Manor Hotel is committed to giving you the perfect conference environment. As part of an extensive investm
3、ent programme, all our meeting rooms have been upgraded to include the most up-to-date facilities. Our wide range of rooms will meet every possible need one-to- one interviews, seminars, product launches, major presentations etc. We also guarantee to return your fee, should you be disappointed with
4、our service.CBroomfield Hall, a magnificent country house set in 80 acres of peaceful parkland, has been completely refurbished in order to re-create the elegance and comfort of times gone by. We have extensive conference facilities and specialist staff, dedicated to the success of your business eve
5、nt. We also offer special deals on accommodation for large delegations.DThe Carlton Hotel, conveniently situated just minutes from the motorway, is the ideal venue for your conference. Not only do we offer superb hospitality, but our fully equipped business centre provides a complete typing and copy
6、ing service, included in the conference fee. The restaurant also enjoys an excellent reputation, offering everything from a midday sandwich to a formal dinner.（分数：7.00）(1).This conference centre is well known for the quality of its food.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Discounts are available for some clients.（分
7、数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).There is someone on duty here at all times.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The very latest conference equipment is available here.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).This conference centre now has a traditional atmosphere.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Secretarial support is available at no extra charge.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
8、(7).The centre is willing to give a refund if a client is not completely satisfied.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Several types of financial risks are encountered in international marketing. The major problems include commercial, political and foreign exchange risks.Commercial risks are ha
9、ndled essentially as normal credit risks encountered in everyday business. They include solvency, default, or refusal to pay bills. The major risk, (8) which can only be dealt with through consistently effective management and marketing. One unique risk encountered by the international marketer invo
10、lves financial adjustments. Such risk is encountered when a controversy arises about the quality of goods delivered, a dispute over contract terms, or (9) One company, for example, shipped several hundred tons of dehydrated potatoes to a distributor in Germany. The distributor tested the shipment an
11、d declared it to be below acceptable taste and texture standards. The alternatives for the exporter were reducing the price, reselling the potatoes, or shipping them home again, each involving considerable cost.Political risk relates to the problems of war or revolution, currency inconvertibility, e
12、xpropriation or expulsion, and restriction or cancellation of import licenses. Political risk is an environmental concern for all businesses. Management information systems and effective decision-making processes are the best defenses against political risks. As many companies have discovered someti
13、mes there is no way to avoid political risk, (10) .Exchange-rate fluctuations inevitably cause problems, but for many years, most firms could take protective action to minimize their unfavourable effects. Floating exchange rates of the worlds major currencies have forced all marketers (11) . Interna
14、tional Business Machine Corporation, for example, reported that exchange losses resulted in a dramatic 21.6 percent drop in their earnings in the third quarter of 1981. (12) devaluations of major currencies were infrequent and usually could be anticipated, but exchange rate fluctuations in the float
15、 system are daily affairs. ABefore rates were permitted to float Bcommercial, political and foreign exchange risks. Cso marketers must be prepared to assume them or give up doing business in a particular market DCorporation can take some measure to avoid financial risks. Ehowever, is competition Fan
16、y other disagreement over which payment is withheld Gto be especially aware of exchange-rate fluctuations and the need to compensate for them in their financial planning（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)FAMILY BUSINESSESA great many people maybe at some stage in
17、their lives consider setting up a business with their family members. The idea may seem very attractive, but the reality of working with someone close to you can often cause unforeseen problems. 80% of family-run businesses think that when times get tough, love, romance or family bonds will see them
18、 through. But the fact is that although 70% of businesses are family-run, only 40% of these companies survive to the second generation.Why do so many family businesses fail? While money has traditionally been thought to be the root of all difficulties, the major problem is much more clear. In busine
19、sses which dont have family ties or relationships, people find it easier to communicate and to say what is on their mind. In contrast, with family businesses, people often make the mistake of thinking they know what views other family members have without actually discussing with them.There is one s
20、trategy which should be used in all family businesses to protect potential problems. As time goes by, one partner may lose interest or not work as effectively as they are expected to. If each partners responsibilities are identified from the start so that they know exactly what is required of them,
21、difficulties are less likely to arise as the business develops. It is also recommended to ask yourselves a few “what if“ questions before starting a family business. For example, what if one of the partners brought a friend into the family business and others didnt like this person? What would you d
22、o? To avoid this kind of problem, you should talk it over amongst yourselves. This sort of research can make you aware of both your own attitudes and the attitudes of the other members of the family before problems actually occur.Contracts are another potential problems. Too many family businesses a
23、re run on the most informal terms. People often think it is unfriendly to ask a relative to sign a contract outlining the terms of a business venture. But you should treat the family business like any other business and be professional to draw up a contract. Whether the business is profitable or not
24、, it is supposed who owns the shares must be clearly defined and written into a formal contract. It must also be clear who is running the company. Some family businesses take a vote on every decision. Perhaps this exercise in democracy should be applauded, but it created so many complications that i
25、n the end the business failed. Even a small committee can sometimes be too large. In matters affecting the entire company. only one of you should be the decision-maker. He or she doesnt have to be the largest shareholder, but should be the one best able to lead the business.Another type of problem a
26、rises when a relative decides to join an already established business. In these cases, you should do everything you can to avoid favourism. It is important to avoid putting him straight into any kind of managerial position. Instead, encourage him to learn not only the company but the people who make
27、 it work by working on the shop floor on the assembly line. They have to prove to be a valuable asset not to the family but to the business.（分数：6.00）(1).Why do many people find it appealing to start a family business?（分数：1.00）A.Because there would be abundant capital for operation.B.Because family b
28、onds are helpful in overcoming difficulties.C.Because they hope to survive for generations.D.Because they can make profits without unforeseen problems.(2).According to the passage, why did so many family-run businesses fail?（分数：1.00）A.Because they are frequently facing financial problems.B.Because t
29、he family members in these companies do not trust each other.C.Because there are often communicative problems within family members.D.Because they do not focus on family ties.(3).Which of the following can help avoid potential problems in family businesses?（分数：1.00）A.Dont bring friends into your bus
30、iness.B.Clarify each family members responsibility.C.Ask your friends what you should do during tough times.D.Persuade others to like the person you introduce.(4).Why do people seldom sign contracts with relatives?（分数：1.00）A.They wholly trust each other.B.Because they prefer casual relationship.C.Th
31、ere are potential dangers with contracts.D.It is believed to hurt the feeling of relatives.(5).Why may a democracy on every decision cause problems?（分数：1.00）A.It creates few opportunities for employees.B.It is controlled within the family.C.Small committees have to be set up.D.Sometimes there are to
32、o many people involved in decision making.(6).What should be done when a relative decides to join?（分数：1.00）A.Try not to be partial.B.Help him to gain popularity among employees.C.Never promote him to a higher position.D.Encourage him to find proof for his knowledge.五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Gianni
33、Agnelli, Chairman of Fiat, Italys largest private industrial corporation, is known in Italy as the lawyer, because he trained in law at Turin University. Though A he has never practiced, his training may be useful. On April 17th Mr. Agnelli admitted to a group of Italian industrialists in Venice (19
34、) Fiat had been (20) in some corruptions in Italy. On April 21st, Fiats lawyers and Cesare Romiti, its managing director, met Milan magistrates to (21) the firms involvement in bribery to win business from state-owned companies.Fiat is not the (22) Italian company caught up in Italys increasing poli
35、tical corruption scandal. According to the latest figure, some 200 businessmen and politicians were sitting in prison (23) a result of judicial inquiries into kickbacks paid to politicians by firms. Hundreds more are still (24) influence of Fiat, (25) sales are equal to 4% of Italys home product, th
36、e scandal at the company has (26) the industrial establishment.Though neither Mr. Agnelli (27) Mr. Romiti has been (28) of wrong doing, several other senior Fiat managers have allegedly been involved in paying kickbacks to win state-owned contracts. (29) arrested include Francesco Mattiol, Fiats fin
37、ance director, and Antonio Moscon, the (30) head of its Toro insurance branch. (31) men have been (32) about their previous roles on the board of Cogefar-Impresit, Fiats construction subsidiary. Last May, Enzo Papi admitted paying a 1.5 million-dollar bribe for a contract (33) to Milans underground.
38、（分数：15.00）A.whatB.thatC.whenD.ifA.involvedB.connectedC.relatedD.doneA.talkB.sayC.speakD.discussA.oneB.singleC.worstD.onlyA.asB.forC.speakD.afterA.inB.underC.atD.onA.whoB.whichC.whoseD.itsA.rockedB.ruinedC.damagedD.destroyedA.orB.alsoC.andD.norA.accusedB.chargedC.criticizedD.blamedA.WhoB.ThoseC.Which
39、D.WhoseA.oldB.formerC.lateD.lastA.EitherB.AllC.EveryD.BothA.solvedB.answeredC.questionedD.repliedA.contractedB.relatedC.connectedD.communicated六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Ethics and Mission StatementsAs business emerged from the profit-oriented 1980s, values and socialresponsibilities were being emph
40、asized on in corporate mission statements.34Because greed was out, and ethics were in. Businesses and their employees35became actively engaged in less activities that contributed to their communities.36To spell out their goals, companies were increasingly developed codes of ethics.37Mission statemen
41、ts that were written because they required consensus and38commitment. Not everyone who, however, agreed with the trend toward the39strong social stances of some public corporations. Respected economist Milton40Friedman contended, “Many few trends could so thoroughly undermine the very41foundation of
42、 our free society as the acceptance by corporate officials of a social42responsibility other than to make as much more money for their stockholders as43possible. “ The CEO of Levi Strauss our highly experienced catering staff are responsible for an exciting variety of menus at affordable prices.BThe
43、 Manor Hotel is committed to giving you the perfect conference environment. As part of an extensive investment programme, all our meeting rooms have been upgraded to include the most up-to-date facilities. Our wide range of rooms will meet every possible need one-to- one interviews, seminars, produc
44、t launches, major presentations etc. We also guarantee to return your fee, should you be disappointed with our service.CBroomfield Hall, a magnificent country house set in 80 acres of peaceful parkland, has been completely refurbished in order to re-create the elegance and comfort of times gone by.
45、We have extensive conference facilities and specialist staff, dedicated to the success of your business event. We also offer special deals on accommodation for large delegations.DThe Carlton Hotel, conveniently situated just minutes from the motorway, is the ideal venue for your conference. Not only
46、 do we offer superb hospitality, but our fully equipped business centre provides a complete typing and copying service, included in the conference fee. The restaurant also enjoys an excellent reputation, offering everything from a midday sandwich to a formal dinner.（分数：7.00）(1).This conference centr
47、e is well known for the quality of its food.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：精析 根据题意：这个会议中心因食物质量而闻名。段落 D 在谈 Carlton Hotel 的时候提到“The restaurant also enjoys an excellent reputation，offering everything from midday sandwich to a formal dinner.”即：饭店从午餐的三明治到正餐都赢得美誉。故选 D。拓展be well known for 或 be famous for“因而闻名
48、”。(2).Discounts are available for some clients.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：精析 根据题意：部分客户可以享受优惠。段落 C 主要介绍的是 Broomfield Hall.根据“We also offer special deals on accommodation for large delegations”即：我们还为大的代表团在食宿方面提供特殊待遇。故选 C。拓展 deal 这里指待遇。(3).There is someone on duty here at all times.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：精析 本题题意：这里总是有人值班。段落 A 介绍的是 Sherwood House 这个商务会议场所。根据“Our reception desk is staffed around the clock”即：我们的接待台 24 小时有人值班。故选 A。拓展 on duty“值班”；at all times“总是”； around the clock“二十四小时，全天”。(4).The very latest conference equipment is available here.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答
