1、剑桥商务英语中级-152 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)APartnershipsOn the whole, this is not a popular form of business organization, but it is often used by people in the professions, like doctors, dentists or lawyers, to expand their business. Greater efficiency
2、is possible because people in this sort of association can spend their time doing what they are best at. If one person is sick, then the remaining partner(s) can carry on the work. The main disadvantage is that even with this form of ownership, the amount of money available to the business may be li
3、mited. If people quarrel or disagree over decision making there can be problems and serious delays.BPublic (Plc) CompaniesThese are the largest businesses in the private sector. There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it and many of the larger companies have their shares listed o
4、n the stock exchange. The advantage of big businesses like this is that they find it easier to raise money as banks consider them a good risk. There are strict laws governing the setting-up of this kind of business and each year the company has to publish its accounts. The larger such businesses gro
5、w, the more difficult it is to control them. Workers in such businesses may feel that management doesnt understand their problems.CPrivate (Ltd) CompaniesSuch businesses are net allowed to sell shares to the public. They must consist of at least two members, but there is no upper limit to the number
6、s who own the company. The larger size makes it possible for such companies to borrow more money from the banks or from issuing additional shares to its members. The advantage is that such a business is able to offer its members limited liability (responsibility) for debts and losses. Many companies
7、 of this type exist in England, Europe and the U. S.DSole ProprietorshipsSole proprietorships, the most common business form, consist of one person doing business with no legal charter. While they offer the owner great freedom and are easy to form, they also present grave financial risks. General pa
8、rtnerships are merely proprietorships with multiple ewers.（分数：7.00）(1).There is no limit to the number of people holding shares in it.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The company can list on the stock exchange and the share can be sold to the public.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The company usually is organized by doctor
9、and lawyer.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The shares of the company are not allowed to be sold to the public（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The company has to publish its accounts each year.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The members of the company bear limited liability for debts and losses.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).In this form, people c
10、an spend their time in doing what they are best at.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Corporation MergerThe most common kind of consolidation today is the merger. A merger occurs when two or more companies get together to from one companyWith the deregulation of natural gas, the nations 20 int
11、erstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition. Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging. In 1985 Internorth of Omaha paid $ 2, 3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation, (8) . The system connected markets from coast
12、to coast and raised sales to $10 billion.On occasion, mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms. These smaller companies claim that (9) . They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it. The Antitrust Division of the Jus
13、tice Department has not always agreed with them. Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country. The first started in 1887, just prior to the pas sage of the Sherman Antitrust Act, and ended in 1904. It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monop
14、olies in their industries. From the end of World War I until the 1930s, large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies. The monopoly has no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy.The third major merger movement began in the 1960s, reached
15、 a peak in 1969, (10) . Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries. Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers. A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporations purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward You have 30 sec
16、onds to read the task carefully, and then 3 minutes to discuss and decide about it together. You should give reasons for your decisions and opinions. You dont need to write anything. Is that clear?Interlocutor places the card in front of the candidates.Interlocutor:Im just going to listen and then a
17、sk you to stop after 3 minutes. Please speak so that we can hear you.Candidates have about 3 minutes to complete the task.A: You know, the board is considering introducing a No-Smoking policy.B: Yes. Its bad news for smokers, especially those heavy smokers. Unfortunately, Im just one of them.A: So y
18、ou are against it.B: Well, personally, I do not want to see the No smoking policy. You non-smokers can not imagine what a cigarette means to a smoker when he is tired. It can make us refreshing and energetic a gain.A: Thats its advantages for you smokers. If we consider the company as a whole, we ma
19、y get to know the real advantages of introducing a Nosmoking policy. It means every member staff can breath clean air without pollution. You see, when you are smoking, you give harm to yourself as well as to other staff.B: I also know its good for all of us in the long term. But its expected that th
20、ere will be objections from staff who are smokers.A: We can leave some rooms for smokers. They can smoke here if they want.B: Thats good.Materials are collected.the interlocutor asks one or more questions as appropriate, to extend the discussion.If you leave some place for smokers, does it signify you do not really put a No smoking policy into practice?B: Maybe you are right to some extent. But Im afraid we have to do so in order to have it introduced successfully.)解析：
