1、剑桥商务英语中级-138 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AULTMATE LEADERSHIP by John ConnorThis book is a well-researched study of the problem of leadership in global quoted companies. 160 international business leaders were asked how they added value to their compani
2、es and their answers form the main part of this book. Both managers and companies are analysed in order to show hew they cope with difficult issues. A useful book for all senior managers.BTWENTIETH CENTURY LEADERS by Maximilian Lander100 well-known US business leaders through this century are descri
3、bed in this book, which analyses how their fortunes were made and sometimes lost. The background, business career, character and personal life of each individual are outlined, creating an impressive collection of biographies and an excellent refererce work.CMY YEARS WITH BAIZE ENGINEERING by James S
4、alinasSalinas outlines the key qualities of good management in this autobiography. He believes that decisions should be based on fact, not opinions; that peoples strengths should be exploited; and that disagreement is sometimes necessary. But the main point he makes in that leadership means performi
5、ng well at all times and setting a good example.DLEADING ON edited by Frances PeakeIn this collection of essays, top business leaders predict how businesses will change over the next few years. They analyse changes in business and society and their effects on job markets, as well as taking a look at
6、 possible strengths and weaknesses of leading economies and their currencies. This collection outlines a vision of tomorrows business world and the type of leaders that will be required.（分数：7.00）(1).In this book you learn about the lives of business leaders from the past.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The writ
7、er of this book gives his personal views of what makes a good business leader.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).This book is based on interviews with business leaders.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).This book looks at how large companies deal with various problem areas.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).This is an account of one business l
8、eaders experience.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).This book describes both successes and failures.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).This book suggests probable trends in the business world.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Hikikomori has become a major issue in Japan. Loosely translated as “social withdrawal,“ Hikikom
9、ori refers to the state of anomie into which an increasing number of young Japanese seem to fall these days. Socially withdrawn kids typically lock themselves in their bedrooms and refuse to have any contact with the outside world.They live in reverse: they sleep all day, wake up in the evening and
10、stay up all night watching television or playing video games.(8) Their funk can last for months, even years in extreme cases. No official statistics are available, but it is estimated that more than one million young Japanese suffer from the affliction. One such young man was the protagonist of my l
11、atest novel, Symbiosis Worm.Hikikomori is a consequence of the phenomenal growth of the Japanese economy during the latter half of the 20th century and the tremendous technological progress the country made during that time. Japanese youth could not afford to be socially withdrawn if their parents w
12、ere not affluent enough to provide them a home, meals and extras that have come to be thought of as basics-audio and video equipment, software, mobile phones, computers. (9) Affluent Japanese do not know what kind of lifestyle to take up now. (10) “Socially withdrawn“ people find it extremely painfu
13、l to communicate with the outside world, and thus they turn to the tools that bring virtual reality into their closed rooms. (11) The country has to accept that World War II ended long ago-and so did the glory days of national restoration and economic growth. We dont need the state to come up with a
14、n alternative national goal. Instead Japan should develop into a society in which each member is able to set his or her own aims. Thats not easy, but not impossible. If the culture cannot adjust and drowns in a tsunami of technology. (12) A Some own computers or mobile phones, but most have few or n
15、o friends.B Socially withdrawn kids typically lock themselves in their bedrooms and refuse to have any contact with the outside world.C Japan, on the other hand, must face reality itself.D Great changes in a countrys social structure have always caused stresses.E That uncertainty has pulled people f
16、urther apart and caused a whole raft of social problems. Hikikomori is naturally one of them.F Japan will end up sinking even deeper into a labyrinth of confusion.G And there are plenty of newer technological devices for these youths to pursue.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE
17、(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The Difficulties Of Managing A Small BusinessRonald Meets asks who chief executives of entrepreneurial orsmall businesses can turn to for advice.The organisational weaknesses that entrepreneurs have to deal with every day would cause the managers of a mature company to panic, Andrew B
18、idden wrote recently in Boston Business Review. This seems to suggest that the leaders of entrepreneurial or small businesses must be unlike other managers, or the problems faced by such leaders must be the subject of a specialised body of wisdom, or possibly both. Unfortunately, neither is true. No
19、t much worth reading about managing the entrepreneurial or small business has been written, and the leaders of such businesses are made of flesh and blood, like the rest of us.Furthermore, little has been done to address the aspects of entrepreneurial or small businesses that are so difficult to dea
20、l with and so different from the challenges faced by management in big business. In part this is because those involved in gathering expertise about business and in selling advice to businesses have historically been more interested in the needs of big business. In part, in the UK at least, it is al
21、so because small businesses have always preferred to adapt to changing circumstances.The organisational problems of entrepreneurial or small businesses are thus forced upon the individuals who lead them. Even more so than for bigger businesses, the old saying is true-that people, particularly those
22、who make the important decisions, are business most important asset. The research that does exist shows that neither money nor the ability to access more of it is the major factor determining growth. The main reason an entrepreneurial business stops growing is the lack of management and leadership r
23、esource available to the business when it matters. Give an entrepreneur an experienced, skilled team and he or she will find the funds every time. Getting tile team, though, is the difficult bit. Part of the problem for entrepreneurs is the speed of change that affects their businesses. They have to
24、 cope with continuous change yet have always been suspicious about the latest management solution. They regard the many offerings from business schools as out of date even before they leave the planning board and have little faith in the recommendations of consultants when they arrive in the hands o
25、f young, inexperienced graduates. But such impatience with management solutions does not mean that problems can be left to solve themselves. However, the leaders of growing businesses are still left with the problem of who to turn to for advice.The answer is horribly simple: leaders of small busines
26、ses can ask each other. The collective knowledge of a group of leaders can prove enormously helpful in solving the specific problems of individuals. One leaders problems have certainly been solved already by someone else. There is an organisation called KITE which enables those responsible for small
27、 businesses to meet. Its members, all of whom are chief executives, go through a demanding selection process, and then join a small group of other chief executives. They come from a range of business sectors and each offers a different corporate history. Each group is led by a moderator, an independ
28、ently selected businessman or woman who has been specially tranined to head the group. Each member takes it in turn to host a meeting at his or her business premises and most important of all, group discussions are kept strictly confidential. This encourages a free sharing of problems and increases
29、the possibility of solutions being discovered.（分数：6.00）(1).Whet does the writer say about entrepreneurs in the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.It is wrong to assume that they are different from other managers.B.The problems they have to cope with are specific to small businesses.C.They find it difficult
30、to attract staff with sufficient expertise.D.They could learn from the organisational skills of managers in large companies.(2).According to the second paragraph what has led to a lack of support for entrepreneurs?（分数：1.00）A.Entrepreneurs have always preferred to act independently.B.The requirements
31、 of big businesses have always taken priority.C.It is difficult to find solutions to the problems faced by entrepreneurs.D.Entrepreneurs are reluctant to provide information about their businesses.(3).What does the writer say about the expansion of small businesses?（分数：1.00）A.Many small businesses d
32、e not produce enough profits to finance growth.B.Many employees in small businesses have problems working as part of a team.C.Being able to recruit the right people is the most important factor affecting growth.D.Leaders of small businesses lack the experience to make their companies a success.(4).W
33、hat does the writer say is an additional problem for entrepreneurs in the fourth paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.They rely on management systems that are out of date.B.They will not adept measures that provide long-term solutions.C.They have little confidence in the business advice that is available.D.They de
34、not take market changes into account when drawing up business plans.(5).What does the writer say the members of the KITE organisation provide?（分数：1.00）A.Advice on how to select suitable staff.B.A means of contacting potential clients.C.A simple checklist for analysing problems.D.Direct experience of
35、 a number of industries.(6).The writer says that KITE groups are likely to succeed because（分数：1.00）A.members are able to elect their leader.B.the leaders have received extensive training.C.members are encouraged to adopt a critical approach.D.information is not passed on to non-members.五、PART FOUR(总
36、题数：1，分数：15.00)LTC AUSTRALIA 618 82377725 Apr. 1999P. 02Dear Mr. LinThank you for your fax, which we received on 21 April. However, I have been away at a conference for a few days and I have only just had the (19) to read it. I apologize for the consequent delay in (20) to you.It appears that you wer
37、e not completely (21) with the training videos that we sent you. However, there seems to be some confusion, and I would just like to (22) a couple of points.First of all, I would like to (23) what I said in my original letter: if you (24) the videos unusable we will be quite prepared to (25) all you
38、r money. However, it was not clear from your fax whether you had (26) all the videos, or just one or two. We have received favorable (27) about the videos from a number of our customers. In particular, the “Safety at Work“ and First Aid “videos are extremely“ (28) I would be grateful, therefore, if
39、you could (29) that all ten videos are checked. Please (30) out the ones that you find most (31) or your needs, and return the (32) cassettes. I will then be able to (33) the amount payable to you.I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely, (Signature )John Peters(Customer Services)（分数：15.00
40、）A.pauseB.opportunityC.momentD.breakA.answeringB.rewritingC.replyingD.correspondingA.satisfiedB.gladC.convincedD.sureA.showB.markC.takeD.makeA.reproduceB.repeatC.recycleD.returnA.findB.discoverC.noticeD.observeA.offerB.provideC.replaceD.refundA.recognizedB.glancedC.viewedD.lockedA.storiesB.reportsC.
41、documentsD.sayingsA.favoriteB.commonC.popularD.typicalA.recommendB.trustC.commentD.ensureA.putB.pickC.placeD.giveA.suitableB.closeC.rightD.convenientA.unnecessaryB.incorrectC.unrequestedD.unwantedA.calculateB.measureC.countD.value六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Im SorryDear Customer(0) Over the last two
42、years Milair has been experienced unprecedented growth.(00) Whilst we are delighted at the increasing popularity of our products, this suc-(34) cess has brought with it some problems. Even though with(35) over 450 trained customer service staff, our telephone answering standards(36) have fallen down
43、 on a number of occasions, particularly Caring July and Au-(37) gust. The vast majority of our customers have continued so to receive a good(38) quality of service, but some have experienced by a service well short of(39) their, and our, expectations. As a result, we are speeding up our recruitment(
44、40) program to have the more people available to take your calls. We are also(41) making much greater use of automated telephone technology. As to Managing(42) Director of Milair, I want to take up this opportunity to contact those of you(43) who have been affected and for assure you that my colleag
45、ues and I are ded-(44) icated to delivering the highest possible standard of service. I am confident in that(45) the steps we are taking on will help up to do this and apologize forany inconvenience caused.Yours sincerely（分数：12.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
46、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、WRITING(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1.PART ONE You are a manager at an auditors called Golding that peoples strengths should be exploited; and that disagreement is sometimes necessary. But the main point he makes in that leadership means performing well at all times and setting a good example.DL
47、EADING ON edited by Frances PeakeIn this collection of essays, top business leaders predict how businesses will change over the next few years. They analyse changes in business and society and their effects on job markets, as well as taking a look at possible strengths and weaknesses of leading econ
48、omies and their currencies. This collection outlines a vision of tomorrows business world and the type of leaders that will be required.（分数：7.00）(1).In this book you learn about the lives of business leaders from the past.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：(2).The writer of this book gives his personal views of what makes a good business leader.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：(3).This book is based on interviews with business leaders.（分数：1.
