1、剑桥商务英语中级-136 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AChief Michael Omisade, a lawyer, has been appointed chairman of the National Bank of Nigena. He succeeds Mr. C S. O. Akande, who relinquished the post at the end of his three-year term. The Board of Directors o
2、f the Bank has also been reconstituted with the appointment of five new persons: Mr. M A. AdAeniran, Mr. G. L. Oyawola, Chief Femi Oyebanjo, Mr. Tunde Oyefodunnn, Mr. ,J. O. Turki, Mr. S. O. Banjo (the managing director) and Mr. J. A. Ogunbiyi.BUnion officials from Australia, Barbados, Britain, Cana
3、da, India, Sierra Leone and Tanzania have been named as the steering committee of the newly-formed Commonwealth Trade Union Council (CTUC) . Dennis McDermott, President of the Canadian Labour Congress, was appointed chairman of the council, whose chief aim is promoting the interests of trade unions
4、and some 25m workers in the Commonwealth, specially those in the developing countries of Africa, Asia and the Caribbean. Mr. Len Murray, General Secretary of the British Trades Union Congress, said he hoped the new organization, officially formed on March 1, could help further the dialogue between t
5、he nations of the industrialized North and the developing South.CThe Sokoto Match Factory, opened in 1978, has been closed down due to acute shortage of spare pans, lack of raw materials and cash flow problems. The general manager of the company? Mr. Nasir Mikhali, regretted the closure because he h
6、ad thought the project was viable. The factory was a joint venture of the Sokoto State Government, Messrs Alawa A/C factory, and PAPCO (Nigeda) Ltd. It had 50 employees and was producing about 27,000 canons of good quality matches a year. The workers went on strike.DThe meeting of the international
7、Tin Council in London earlier this month decided to raise the price range of the buffer stock by ten percent. This lifted the “floor“ from 1,500 ringgit (Malaysian dollars) per picul (133 1/31bs) to M 1,650 per picul and the “ceiling“ from M 1,950 to M 2,145. At last weeks exchange rates that would
8、make the floor a bit under 6,000 a tonne and the ceiling over 7,250 a tonne, with the middle belt, where the buffer stock manager may neither buy nor sell without special permisson, from about 6,150 a tonne just over 6,700 a tonne.（分数：7.00）(1).The company has been out of business.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2)
9、.Tins price was raised.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Bank appoints chief Michael Omisade to the chairman of a branch bank.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Trade union is formed.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The organization aims to further the dialogue between the developed countries and developing countries.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).It
10、produces about 27,000 canons of matches a year.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).He beat his competitor and gained the appointment.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The Dollar in World MarketsAccording to a leading German banker, the U.S. dollar is “the most frequently discussed economic phenomenon of our
11、times“. He adds, “.the dollars exchange rate is at present the most important price in the world economy.“ . Because the dollar acts as a world currency its value affects many nations The central banks of many countries hold huge reserves of dollars, and over half of all world trade is priced in ter
12、ms of dollars. Any shift in the dollars exchange rate will benefit some and hurt others. Some people suggest, therefore, (8) .The dollars exchange rate has been too volatile and unpredictable. Several years ago the dollar was rapidly declining in value. This made it (9) The rise in the price of fore
13、ign goods made it possible for U. S. businesses to raise the price of competing goods produced here, thus worsening inflation. Foreigners who dealt in dollars or who held dollars as reserves were hurt. People in the United States who had borrowed foreign currencies found that they had to pay back mo
14、re than they borrowed (10) The United States lost face in the eyes of the rest of the world.The dollar went soaring upward, and the situation was reversed. United States exporters found it hard to sell abroad because foreigners would have to pay more for U.S. dollars. People in the United States now
15、 bought the relatively cheaper foreign goods, and U.S. manufacturers complained that they could not compete. Job losses were often blamed on the “overvalued“ dollar. Poor nations (11) found it difficult to repay both the loans and the interest because they had to use more and more of their own curre
16、ncies to obtain dollars. The solution to this problem is to end the system of floating exchange rates and return to fixed rates. We might even return to the gold standard.Fixed exchange rates did not work in the past. Currency values should be determined by market conditions. A drop in the exchange
17、value of a nations currency means that (12) that it is too inefficient to compete in world markets, that it is permitting a high rate of inflation which makes its goods too expensive, that it is going too deeply in debt, or that others have lost confidence in the nations stability. A nation should b
18、ring its exchange rate back up by addressing these problems, not by interfering with the money market.A that had borrowed dollarsB that the dollars value should be more tightly controlledC because the declining dollar would buy fewer units of the foreign moneyD its value affects many nationsE diffic
19、ult for Americans to purchase foreign goods and servicesF that have a lot of U. S. dollarsG it is importing too much（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Research and Development in IndustryIt is only through innovation that large companies will be able to survive, a
20、ccording to Mark Peter, vice-chair- man of UK-owned industrial giant 5P. However, says Peter, it remains difficult to run a truly innovative company. Innovation involves speculation, unproven technologies and unpredictable costs. It takes a lot of managing, because managers really have to be on top
21、of whats happening. In addition, innovation does not fit easily into the orderly kind of organization that company accountants like. Despite this, Peter claims it is an essential policy to pursue.The 5P groups record of growth aid profitability indicates that it manages the orderly part of the busin
22、ess pretty well. The statistics are big: operations in more than 60 countries, sales in more than 200. around 60, 000 products and 70, 000 employees. But what makes 5P different is its innovative approach to innovation itself. Although it is a massive multi-national with a turnover of $ 15 billion,
23、the whole company is bro- ken down into tiny groups which work together and help each other and are then encouraged to consult internally with the other groups. This positively encourages individual and collaborative research.A further encouragement is that all research staff world-wide are expected
24、 to work on 5P projects for only 85% of their times for the remaining 15% of time they are free to pursue ideas of their own, using company facilities. In this time they can work on their own or in a group. One hugely successful project that has come out of this 15% rule is the Post-it note. The ide
25、a came from an individual inventor and then. using the business skills of a large organization, was rapidly developed into a major product. The success of the Post-it note proves how profitable the innovative 15% rule can be.Mark Peter says innovation is at the heart of 5P. In 1996. more that 30% of
26、 sales were generated by products less than four years old. He says: “We almost always get into new markets through innovation. Were very good at adapting these innovations to lots of different markets so we have a high success rate. We take an idea and see how many applications its got. Then we try
27、 to establish market dominance. We have a tremendous variety of technologies so we can adapt anything but we still need the original ideas to develop.“ In the past year 5P has introduced a group-wide program called Pacing Plus. This means that they are still actively seeking new ideas, but with the
28、difference that they hope many of them will eventually lead to the establishment of completely new business. In this way, 5P will be able to invest in a wide range of markets and even create some new ones.This emphasis on innovation creates unusual stresses and strains and makes a company like 5P a
29、difficult business To manage. Technical people at 5P are given a large degree of intellectual freedom, and the company appears to specifically try to recruit people who think for themselves and who dont necessarily solve things by the traditional routes. The management encourages people to step outs
30、ide of the security that comes from working in a big, stable group, and then to handle the consequences. So far the mixture of freedom and heavy responsibility seems to work: the 25 research schemes now under review could generate business worth $ 6 billion a year.（分数：6.00）(1).5Ps approach to innova
31、tion is different because it allows researchers to A. work for more than one company. B. work on a variety of products. C. work with groups in other organizations. D. work alone as well as in a team（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Mark Peter says it can be difficult for companies to be innovative because this in
32、volves A. giving more power to the accountants. B. employing a lot of managers. C. being orderly and organized. D. being prepared to take risks.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).When 5P has a new idea it tries to A. sell it only in new markets. B. sell it in markets it already controls. C. think of different ways
33、 of exploiting it. D. keep it secret as long as possibl（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The writer says that the Post-it note was invented as a result of A. a researchers own initiative. B. research carried out by a group. C. research originally done on another product. D. a managers innovative ide（分数：1.00）填空项 1
34、:_(5).The researchers at 5P need to be people who A. feel relaxed about their work. B. have an individual approach to problems. C. are academically gifted. D. are willing to stay with the company for a long tim（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).5P sees the Pacing Plus program as A. something other companies are li
35、kely to copy. B. an opportunity to take over some of its competition. C. a departure from its previous approach. D. a way of solving certain problems.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Charlie Has a Chance to Get AheadCharlie is employed known an accountant in a small assembly plant in the M
36、idwest. In his seven years at Astro-Technology, he has become (19) with most of the 200 employees and enjoys the (20) of his office and the company attitude toward him. However, in the past three years, he has not received a promotion, and there is little chance for one in the near future. The raise
37、s he has (21) have not kept up with inflation. He has discussed the situation frequently with his wife, Rita, who is. working as a personnel officer at a research firm in town.Although Rita has never told Charlie, she feels that her job has more status than his (22) Charlie earns slightly more than
38、income, she has more flexible hours, more holidays with pay, better company fringe benefits, and apparently more status when the two companies organizational charters are (23) Rita enjoys her present position and the salary she receives.The two daughters are doing well in grammar school and are acti
39、ve in girl scouts and the 4H Club.A month ago Charlie (24) a new position for an accountant in their home office in Dallas. He knows that his company has a (25) of promoting from within, and his supervisor feels that he would have a good chance of getting the position. It would mean an immediate 15
40、percent (26) in pay; more prestige, because he would have a private officer and more (27) for promotions. He applied for the position, but was afraid to tell his wife. When the interview was (28) he informed Rita that he had to go to Dallas for a seminar.Charlie was (29) with Dallas and the possible
41、 neighbourhoods his family could select to make their home. The home office was impressive! Dark walnut and chrome were everywhere, and the personnel in the office were very friendly. After a tour of the facility he had an interview with five managers.A week later he was (30) that he was one of the
42、three finalists. He was excited and eager to accept the position if it was offered him. That night, when he told Rita, she Was (31) The move would mean they would have to leave their lovely home that they had been remodeling over the last seven years. The girls would have to find new friends.Finally
43、 and most (32) could Rita find a job as good as the one she has? It seemed unfair to force her to move and give up a good job, just so Charlie could satisfy his own (33) It turned into a real argument. Charlie wanted to move and Rita did not. Charlie was saying that he is a striver and Rita was sayi
44、ng she is happy with their status in life.（分数：15.00）A.knownB.acquaintedC.acquaintD.knowedA.environmentB.contextC.atmosphereD.relationA.acceptedB.getC.receiveD.receivedA.IfB.Even thoughC.HoweverD.OrA.comparedB.comparingC.contrastD.contrastedA.heard ofB.heardC.listenedD.listened toA.ruleB.habitC.pract
45、iceD.practicesA.raiseB.raisingC.ariseD.arisingA.chancesB.chanceC.opportunityD.opportunitiesA.scheduleB.scheduledC.schedulingD.metA.impressiveB.impressingC.impressD.impressedA.noticingB.noticedC.informedD.informA.upsettingB.excitedC.pleasantD.upsetA.importantB.unhappyC.sadD.unfortunatelyA.goalB.spiri
46、tsC.wantsD.ego六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)A Memo to Some Marketing DirectorsRe: New Ad CampaignDevelopment of our next magazine advertising campaign is underway, our newadvertising firm, Marshall and Dupree, has have prepared two contrasting34. approaches for us to consider. We must ought choose betw
47、een these two35. concepts at this stage so that Marshall and Dupree can continue the36. development of our choice. Development of two both approaches beyond this37. stage is prohibitively expensive. Therefore, I am enclosing two sketches which38. are intended to give you an my idea of what the final
48、, photographed ads39. would look like. As you will see from the first sketch, this ad reflects our40. the traditional advertising approach of presenting our automobiles in an41. attractive setting that would appeal to affluent customers. This particular42. ad shows our spirit model and they associates it with an active, sporting couple.43. To using a new departure for the second ad, Marshall and Dupree has responded44. it to the current demand for high quality workmanship, The quote from the45. assembly line worker is intended to instill confidenc
