1、剑桥商务英语高级-51 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BREADING/B(总题数：1，分数：8.00)BPART ONE/B Look at the statements below and the five introductions for goods. Which introduction A, B, C, D or E does each statement 1-8 refer to? For each statement 1-8, mark one letter A, B, C, D or E. You will need to use some of
2、these letters more than once.A.Shopping goods arent bought very often, are bought only after the consumer has compared their features with those of competing brands, and are found in only a few stores in one area. These goods usually have a higher unit price than convenience goods, and an individual
3、 salesperson, rather than a cashier, may be needed to sell them. Examples of shopping goods are automobiles, furniture, mens suits, ladies wear, shoes, and major appliances.B.Specialty goods like prestige automobiles, photographic equipment, fine jewelry, and high-fashion clothing and furniture are
4、bought by consumers after a special shopping effort. They are bought infrequently and are generally available only in exclusive outlets. Theyre usually high-priced, but price isnt the main consideration of a consumer buying them. A consumer is often willing to go out of the way to find a certain bra
5、nd.Specialty goods prove the point that goods are often considered not just for their physical qualities but also for the economic utility, ego enhancement, status, and satisfaction they carry with them. For example, when people buy a new car, they may want it not just for basic transportation but a
6、lso for recognition, status, or prestige.Youve probably figured out that this classification of consumer goods is far from rigid. It may differ according to buyers intent or wishes. As consumers incomes and buying habits change, or as prices drop, goods shift from one classification to another. Usua
7、lly they shift downward, from the specialty to the shopping, or from the shopping to the convenience goods category. Television sets became shopping goods years ago. When microwave ovens first came on the market, they were regarded by many as an expensive new toy a kind of specialty goods-for the ri
8、ch. Now theyre considered indispensable shopping goods by working couples and single people who buy them to save cooking time.C.Durable goods can be further classified as either consumer goods or industrial goods, each of which requires a different set of marketing strategies. Consumer goods are use
9、d by the consumer or household that buys them and come in a ready-to-use form that calls for no further industrial or commercial processing. On the basis of how much effort a consumer takes to obtain them, consumer goods can be further subdivided into (1) convenience goods, (2) shopping goods, and (
10、3) specialty goods.D.Durable goods have physical qualities and uses that permit them to last a relatively long time, even while being used. Theyre designed to be used up over an extended period of time and are made of materials that will take considerable wear and tear. For example, you probably own
11、 such durable goods as a car, tape deck, cassette player, TV set, or stereo that should remain usable for several yearsor at least until the warranty runs out. Houses are built to last thirty to fifty years or more. Refrigerators and mattresses both have a life expectancy of about twenty years, and
12、quality jewelry, silverware, china, and furniture are frequently handed down from one generation to the next.The fact that a product is durable influences its whole marketing strategy. Obviously, goods like these are packaged differently, sold more personally and aggressively, and priced higher than
13、 a tube of toothpaste or a bottle of shampoo.E.Instead of being bought by the ultimate consumer, industrial goods are used by businesses to produce other goods or to provide services to consumers. These goods are usually bought by institutions such as manufacturers, utilities, government agencies, c
14、ontractors, wholesalers, retailers, hospitals, and schools that use them in producing their own products or services. Buyers of these goods usually provide prospective suppliers with a description of the product or service and request that bids or price quotations be submitted. The buying decision i
15、s usually based on technical performance, cost, or expected monetary gain.There are many types of industrial goods, but the most common ones are (a) raw materials, (b) component parts, (c) installations, (d) transportation systems, (e) tools, (f) equipment, (g) materials, and (h) supplies.（分数：8.00）(
16、1).This kind of goods have physical qualities and uses that permit them to last a long rime.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).This kind of goods are used by businesses to produce other goods or to provide services to consumers.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Theyre usually high-priced, but price isnt the main consideration o
17、f a consumer buying them.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).They are used by the consumer or household that buys them and come in a ready-to-use form that calls for no further industrial or commercial processing.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The fact that a product is durable influences its whole marketing strategy.（分数：1.00
18、）填空项 1:_(6).These goods usually have a higher unit price than convenience goods, and an individual salesperson rather than a cashier, may be needed to sell them.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).These goods prove the point that goods are often considered not just for their physical quality but also for the econom
19、ic utility.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Buyers of these goods usually provide prospective suppliers with a description of the product.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPART TWO/B(总题数：1，分数：6.00) Read this text taken from a business magazine. Choose the best sentence from below to fill in each of the gaps. For each gap 9-14,
20、 mark one letter A-H. Do not use any letter more than once.Diance Dunlap was annoyed when a local laundry charged more to wash and iron her white blouses than to clean her husbands white shirts. Actually, she was more than just annoyed. U(9) /U. Twenty-one of them quoted higher prices for blouses. T
21、hen she did an experiment. She cut the label out of a blouse, sewed in the label for a mans Shirt, and took the blouse to the cleaner along with three of her husbands shirts. The cleaner charged her $1.25. U(10) /U. The cleaner charged her $2.25. Dunlap feels that the cleaners pricing is unethicalth
22、at they are discriminating against women and charging arbitrarily higher prices.U (11) /U. The president of the Association of Launderers and Cleaners in Dunlaps state has a different view. “The automated equipment we use fits a certain range of standardized shirts,“ he said. “A lot of womens blouse
23、s have different kinds of trim, different kinds of buttons, and lots of braid work, and it all has to be hand-finished. If it involves hand-finishing, we charge more.“ In other words, some cleaners charge more for doing womens blouses because the average cost is higher than the average cost for mens
24、 shirts.U (12) /U. A consumer-protection specialist in the Attorney Generals office in Dunlaps state said that there were no federal or stare laws to regulate what the cleaners could charge. U(13) /U. Many firms face the same problem of how to set prices when the costs are different to serve differe
25、nt customers. For example, poor, inner-city consumers often pay higher prices for food. U(14) /U. Some firms dont like to charge different consumers different prices, but they also dont want to charge everyone a higher average priceto cover the expense of serving high-cost customers.A. Later she did
26、 the same thing, but with a blouse that had the original label.B. Of course, the cost of cleaning and ironing any specific shirt may not be higher or lower than the average.C. But inner-city retailers also face higher average costs for facilities, shop lifting, and insurance.D. She telephoned 61 cle
27、aners and asked each ones price to launder a nonfrills, white cotton blouse the same style and size as a mans shirt.E. Inner-city consumers enjoy better quality goods.F. Dunlap wont take any actual measures to urge the government to pass such a law.G. She said that customers who dont like a particul
28、ar cleaners rates are free to visit a competitor who may charge less.H. She wants her local city government to pass an ordinance that prohibits laundry and drycleaning businesses from discriminatory pricing based on gender.（分数：6.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPART THREE
29、/B(总题数：1，分数：6.00) Read the following extract from an article about French bank and answer the questions. For each question 15-20, mark one letter A, B, C or D for the answer you choose.If you are buying a property in France, whether for a permanent or a holiday home, if is important to open a French
30、 bank account. Although it is possible to exist on travellers cheques, Eurocheques and credit cards issued by British banks, the fees for these services can be expensive.The simplest way to pay regular bills, such as electricity, gas, or telephone, particularly when you are not in residence, is by d
31、irect debit from your French account.To open a current account, you will need to show your passport and birth certificate and to provide your address in native country. You will be issued with a cheque book within weeks of opening the account. In France it is illegal to be overdrawn. All accounts mu
32、st be operated in credit. However, there are no bank charges.Note that cheques take longer to clear in France than in Britain, and can only be stopped if stolen or lost.The easiest way to transfer money from a British bank to a French one is by bank transfer: simply provide your British bank with th
33、e name, address and number of your French bank account. The procedure takes about a week and costs between 25 and 40 for each transaction, depending on your British bank.Alternatively, you can transfer money via a French bank in London. You can also send a sterling cheque (allow at least 12 days for
34、 the cheque to be cleared), Eurocheques or travellers cheques.Finally, it is a good idea to make a friend of your French bank manager. His help can prove invaluable.（分数：6.00）(1).If you buy a property in France, you can save money by _.（分数：1.00）A.having a French bank accountB.transferring money from
35、BritainC.cashing travellers cheques or EurochequesD.using credit cards issued by British banks(2).The word “debit“ in the second paragraph means _.（分数：1.00）A.remitB.withdrawC.depositD.loan(3).One advantage French banks have over British banks is that _.（分数：1.00）A.you may take out more money than wha
36、t is in the accountB.the interest rates on bank accounts are higherC.cheques are dealt with more rapidlyD.you dont have to pay for services(4).If you want to open a current account in France, you will NOT need to _.（分数：1.00）A.show your passportB.show your birth certificateC.buy a house in FranceD.pr
37、ovide your address in native country(5).The swiftest way to send money from England to France is _.（分数：1.00）A.to forward an English cheque to your French bank accountB.to go to a French bank in LondonC.to use a cashiers chequeD.to arrange a bank transfer(6).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：1
38、.00）A.How to Open a French Bank AccountB.The Difference between Banking in Britain and FranceC.The Way to Transfer Money from Britain to FranceD.A Guide to Banking in France四、BPART FOUR/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00) Read the article below about success in the business world. Choose the best word to fill in each
39、 gap. For each question 21-30, mark one letter A, B, C or D.According to certain beer commercials, the contemporary version of success consists in moving up to a premium brand that costs a dime or so more per bottle. Credit-card companies would have youU (21) /Usuccess inheres in owning their partic
40、ular piece of plastic.Under the flag of success, modern-style, liberal arts colleges are witheringU (22) /Ubusiness schools are burgeoning. and yet even business schools are having an increasingly hard time finding faculty members, because teaching isntU (23) /U“successful“ enough. Amid a broad cons
41、ensus that there is a glut of lawyers and an epidemic of strangling litigation, record numbers of young people continue to flock to law schoolU (24) /U, for the individual practitioner, a law degree is still considered a safe ticket.Many, by external standards, will be “successes“. Yet there is a de
42、adening and dangerous flaw in their philosophy: It has little room, little sympathy and less respect for the noble failure, for the person whoU (25) /Upast the limits, who aims gloriously high and falls unashamedlyU (26) /U.That sort of ambition doesnt have much place in a world where success is pro
43、ved by worldly rewardU (27) /Uby accomplishment itself. That sort of ambition is increasingly thought of as the domain of irredeemable eccentrics, of people who havent quite caught onand there is great social pressure not to be one of them.The irony is that todays success-chasers seem obsessed with
44、the idea of not settling. Yet in doggedlyU (28) /Uthe rather brittle species of success now in fashion, they are restricting themselves to a chokingly narrow swath of turf along the entireU (29) /Uof human possibilities. Does it everU (30) /Uto them that, frequently, success is what people settle fo
45、r when they cant think of something noble enough to be worth tailing at?（分数：10.00）A.believeB.believedC.believingD.to believeA.whileB.howeverC.butD.neverthelessA.acknowledgedB.consideredC.regardedD.recognizedA.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.whetherA.venturesB.surpassesC.attemptsD.risksA.shortB.apartC.behindD.t
46、hroughA.other thanB.more thanC.rather thanD.less thanA.huntingB.pursuingC.seekingD.followingA.rangeB.extentC.scopeD.domainA.happenB.occurC.comeD.approach五、BPART FIVE/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00) Read the article below about corporate downsizing. For each question 31-40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS.BCrazy
47、 Downsizing/BIn recent years corporate downsizing has been on the rise throughout the world. Downsizing is reducing costs by dismissing employees and reassigning their duties to the employees who remain. They usually call it restructuring, rightsizing, reallocating resources, or job separation. They
48、 sometimes use dieting metaphors like “trimming the fat“ “getting lean and mean,“ or “shedding weight.“ Whatever the euphemism, employees affected by these practices know what the words mean to them: U(31) /U. And no “kinder, gentler“ words can de much to alleviate the anxiety and distress that comeU (32) /Ulosing a job.In their quest to lower costs to stay competitive
