1、公共英语五级真题 2012 年 12 月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).Women generally need less fiber than men.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).Studies show that fiber can help lose weight.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).Daily intake of six kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables can
2、help meet the minimum fiber requirement.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).People who do not get enough fiber from food should take fiber supplements.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).People suffering high blood sugar can be freed from medication if they take a fiber-rich diet.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).It is hard to find the most
3、suitable fiber supplement on the market. （分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).Man-made fiber is as good as natural fiber.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).Both soluble and insoluble fibers help lower blood pressure.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).Although a fiber supplement is not medicine, instructions for taking it should be observed.（分
4、数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).It is advised that fiber supplements and medicine be taken at the same time.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following radio program “Science around Us“. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 13.（分数：3.00）(1).Why does Dr. Johns
5、on suggest building a greenhouse near a power station? （分数：1.00）A.It is convenient to get electricity.B.It helps to clean the air.C.The exhaust from the plant can be made use of.D.The wasteland around the station can be made use of.(2).Which of the following can be used as fertilizer? （分数：1.00）A.Was
6、te fuel from the power plant.B.Raw materials used to produce electricity.C.Waste water from the power plant.D.Carbon dioxide produced from burning fuel.(3).Why does Dr. Johnson want to use a gas-burning plant? （分数：1.00）A.It generates more hot air.B.It produces more carbon dioxide.C.It does not dump
7、sulfur dioxide into the air.D.It does not release pollutants into the air.(1).What was Mr. Wells doing when he learned about fair trade? （分数：1.00）A.Studying ecology.B.Working at a museum.C.Founding the friends of the Earth.D.Selling tradecraft products.(2).What is the next task for fair trade? （分数：1
8、.00）A.To carry out studies on consumers.B.To involve big companies in fair trade.C.To find out more about its existing market.D.To improve the quality of fair trade products.(3).What did Mr. Wells find out about the local people on his second visit to the tea estate? （分数：1.00）A.They made complaints
9、about fair trade.B.They began to have trust in fair trade.C.They became dependent on fair trade.D.They wanted to join the Fairtrade Foundation.(1).What is special about open-access journals? （分数：1.00）A.A higher frequency of citation.B.A collection of valuable data.C.Hard-won prominence.D.Established
10、 reputation.(2).What does the woman say is the possible result of the new policy? （分数：1.00）A.Some magazines may close down.B.It may provoke criticism from scientists.C.More funding will be offered to scientists.D.Research results will have to be published on a new system.(3).What does Lessig think o
11、f the open-access system? （分数：1.00）A.Taxpayers have to pay as much as usual.B.The costs depend on the research results.C.The costs will be considerably reduced.D.Publishing will be made much easier.(4).What does Lessig say should be done concerning intellectual property expansion? （分数：1.00）A.Revise
12、regulations.B.Expand the restriction.C.Identify the harm.D.Make no new restrictions.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).Due to historical reasons, people in the Czech Republic lacked（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What kind of organization did Ivo Jupa work for seven years ago?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Ivo Jupas job used to
13、focus on collecting donations from _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The seminar Ivo Jupa visited by accident completely _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What was the percentage of people who did not donate because they were never asked to?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The mobile operators agreed to charge only the running costs be
14、cause they thought it was a _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The area hit by a storm in Slovakia in 2004 was the Czech peoples _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Ivo Jupa is now planning to spread DMS to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).For a decade, Ivo Jupa has been in charge of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Ivo Jupa was moved when he hea
15、rd that several men drinking in a bar sent DMSs for the disaster-stricken people in _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Among the raft of books, articles, jokes, romantic comedies, self-help guides and other writings discussing marriage, some familiar ideas often crop up. Few appea
16、r more often than the (31) that many old couples look alike. You have probably seen it beforetwo elderly people walking hand-in-hand down the street or sitting at a cafe, (32) each other so strongly that they could be siblings. Do these couples actually look alike, and if (33) , what has caused them
17、 to develop this way? A study published in the March 2006 issue of Personality and Individual Differences may have the (34) . Twenty-two people, divided equally (35) male and female, (36) in the study. They were asked to judge the looks, personalities and ages of, 160 married couples. The participan
18、ts viewed photographs of men and women separately and were (37) told who was married to (38) . The subjects consistently judged people who were married (39) being similar (40) appearance and personality. The researchers also found that couples who had been together longer appeared (41) similar. This
19、 result (42) itself may not seem surprising, but the study also offered some answers on (42) couples may look alike. To start, consider that life experiences can end up (44) reflected physically. Someone (45) is happy and smiles more will develop the facial muscles and wrinkles related to smiling. T
20、he years of experience of an elderly couples marriage, happy (46) not, would then be reflected in their (47) . Genetic influences are (48) factor. A past study showed that genetically similar people have better marriages. Such families have (49) incidents of child abuse and a lower rate of miscarria
21、ges. People also appear to be more selfless (50) involved with genetically similar partners. （分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Section Reading Co(总题数：3，分数：15.00)Text 1 On the heels o
22、f its recent decision to criminalize consumers who rip songs from albums they have purchased to their computers (or iPods), the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) has now gone one step further and declared that “remembering songs“ using your brain is criminal copyright infringement. “T
23、he brain is a recording device,“ explained RIAA president Cary Sherman. “The act of listening is an unauthorized act of copying music to that recording device, and the act of recalling or remembering a song is unauthorized playback.“ The RIAA also said it would begin sending letters to tens of milli
24、ons of consumers thought to be illegally remembering songs, threatening them with lawsuits if they do not settle with the RIAA by paying monetary damages. In order to avoid engaging in unauthorized copyright infringement, consumers will now be required to immediately forget everything they have just
25、 hearda skill already mastered by the former US President George Bush. To aid in these memory wiping efforts, the RIAA is teaming up with Big Pharma to include free psychotropic prescription drugs with the purchase of new music albums. Consumers are advised to swallow the pills before listening to t
26、he music. The pills block normal cognitive function, allowing consumers to enjoy the music in a more detached state without the risk of accidentally remembering any songs (and thereby violating copyright law). Consumers caught humming their favorite songs will be charged with a more serious crime: T
27、he public performance of a copyrighted song, for which the fines can reach over $250,000 per incident. “Humming, singing and whistling songs will not be tolerated,“ said Sherman. Consumers attempting to circumvent the RIAAs new memory-wiping technology by actually remembering songs will be charged w
28、ith felony crimes under provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The Act, passed in 1998, makes it a felony crime to circumvent copyright protection technologies. The RIAAs position is that consumers who actually use their brains while listening to music are violating the DMCA. With this
29、decision, the RIAA now considers approximately 72% of the adult U.S. population to be criminals. Putting them all in prison for copyright infringement would cost US taxpayers an estimated $683 billion per yearan amount that would have to be shouldered by the remaining 28% who are not imprisoned. The
30、 RIAA believes it could cover the $683 billion tab through royalties on music sales. The problem with thatthe 28% remaining adults not in prison do not buy music albums. That means album sales would plummet to nearly zero, and the US government (which is already deep in debt) would have to borrow mo
31、ney to pay for all the prisons. When asked whether he really wants 72% of the US population to be imprisoned for ripping music CDs to their own brains, Sherman shot back, “You dont support criminal behavior, do you? Every person who illegally remembers a song is a criminal. We cant have criminals ru
32、nning free on the streets of America. Its an issue of national security.“（分数：5.00）(1).What does the phrase “copying music to that recording device“ (para. 1, line 6) mean? （分数：1.00）A.Ripping music to their PCs.B.Recalling or remembering a song.C.Unauthorized playback of a song.D.Criminal copyright v
33、iolation.(2).Which of the following best summarizes Paragraph 3? （分数：1.00）A.The absurdity of the RIAAs memory-wiping efforts.B.The possibility of cooperation between the RIAA and Big Pharma.C.The effectiveness of the new prescription pills.D.The necessity to take measures against the violation of co
34、pyright law.(3).The following will be criminal acts EXCEPT （分数：1.00）A.humming a song in public.B.going to the public performance of a song.C.using your brain while listening to a song.D.accidentally remembering a copyrighted song.(4).What will the RIAAs decision lead to? （分数：1.00）A.Crime rates in th
35、e US will rise sharply.B.Much will be gained through royalties on music sales.C.The US government will get even deeper in debt.D.Only 28% of the total music albums could be sold out.(5).What category does this essay fall into? （分数：1.00）A.News reportB.SatireC.ReviewD.HumourText 2 The threat of diseas
36、es such as influenza or tuberculosis re-emerging in virulent form has been a common theme in recent years. That threat is not limited to human diseases. Our food plants get sick too, and just as human diseases evolve to evade antibiotics, so the diseases that strike our crops evolve to sidestep the
37、resistance genes we have bred into them. For the vast majority of the calories the world eats, the key crop is grain. A ruinous wheat disease we have not had to worry about since the 1950s is making a comeback, and unless we are very lucky, we will not have sufficient defences to protect crops every
38、where in the world against it in time. That stem rust would evolve and return to plague us was inevitable, but our lack of preparation to ward it off was not. Research into stem rust was bound to tail off once the disease seemed beaten, but the world let down its guard too far, for ideological reaso
39、ns. In the 1980s governments of industrialized countries, especially the UK and US, started to lose patience with the “multilateral“ agencies that engineered much of the global progress in agriculture after the Second World War. Each government wanted the agencies to dance only to its tune. This inc
40、luded the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research, the global network of labs that created the “Green Revolution“. The CGIAR remains the leading, sometimes only source of agricultural research devoted to global good rather than private profit. “Multilateral“ funding meant these la
41、bs received income from rich donors with no strings attached. Researchers at the labs were able to spend the money the way they thought bestincluding the unglamorous task of making sure that crops disease resistance kept pace with the diseases. However, for more than two decades, donors have been cu
42、tting this funding in favour of only financing projects allied to their own interests. As wheat stem rust re-emerged in 1999, the main CGIAR wheat lab was entering a major funding crisis, and ended up sacking a quarter of its scientists. It has taken until now to beg enough money to fight the diseas
43、e. There are now signs that donors may be moving back to more open-ended funding, which is to be encouraged. They should also increase their derisory funding for this vital research: stem rust is poised to teach us the dangers of complacency. The world population is predicted to rise by another 3 bi
44、llion by 2050, yet increases in food production have stagnated, technological fixes are spent, and global warmingand the return of diseases like stem rustlook likely to take back many of the gains we have made. Food security affects political security, and one of the first regions to suffer from ste
45、m rust will be the volatile Middle East, including Iraq. Agricultural research for the public good is the only way to provide that security. It is certainly cheaper than building armies.（分数：5.00）(1).The human and crop diseases once under control have come back again because （分数：1.00）A.antibiotics do
46、 not work anymore.B.human diseases spread to plants.C.there is genetic resistance in them.D.human interventions no longer work.(2).In the battle against the re-emergence of stem rust, the author （分数：1.00）A.does not see a positive prospect of it.B.feels that humans are very unfortunate.C.sees no need
47、 to worry about it.D.foresees possible defences against it.(3).Multilateral research institutions have not functioned properly since the 1980s （分数：1.00）A.when the disease of stem rust was brought under control.B.when a lot of progress was made in agricultural research.C.because some member countries
48、 only care about their own benefits.D.because they failed to meet the needs of each member country.(4).According to the author, the research labs have failed to fight stem rust because （分数：1.00）A.there is insufficient funding for the research.B.few scientists would undertake the unglamorous task.C.experienced scientists left for
