1、公共英语五级-阅读理解及答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart A/B(总题数：10，分数：70.00)Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 1.Text 1All that fault-finding about lowering cholesterol and eating less fat must finally be paying
2、 off. According to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, more Americans are eating a healthy diet now than 30 years ago. In tact, according to researchers from the University of North Carolina, just about the only people who ate right in the mid-1960s were poor black people, who
3、simply couldnt afford the steaks and high-protein meals that were then considered the most nutritious. According to survey data collected by the US Department of Agriculture, more than 16% of poor black people in 1965 ate a healthy diet, compared with less than 5% of high-income whites.And what cons
4、titutes a healthy diet? Less than 30% of calories from tat. Five or more servings a day of fruits and vegetables. Six or more helpings of legumes (peas and beans) and cereals. Exactly the diet that rich health-conscious people started adopting in the US in the 1980s.Theres still a long way to go, ho
5、wever. Although both high-income and low-income Americans have cut about 5% of the fat from their diet, they havent replaced it with fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes. By 1991 only 20% to 22% of the general population was eating a healthy diet. Indeed, among poor blacks, the average number of s
6、eI,Tings of grains and legumes declined from six to five servings a day, and now equals the number consumed by whites. “The message about lowering fat has been heard,“ says Barry Popkin, a professor of nutrition at the University of North Carolina who led the study, which was funded in part by the K
7、ellogg Corp. “But we havent been as loud and clear on fiber, sodium, fruits and vegetables, grains and legumes.“（分数：5.00）(1)._ people were the only people who ate right in the mid-1960s.（分数：1.00）A.WhiteB.Poor whiteC.BlackD.Poor black(2).What kind of food were considered the most nutritious around 30
8、 years ago?（分数：1.00）A.Cereals.B.Legumes.C.Steaks.D.Vegetables.(3).How many percent of the general population was eating a healthy diet by 1991?（分数：1.00）A.5%.B.16%.C.22%.D.30%.(4).When did the rich health-conscious people in the US started adopting the healthy diet? In the _.（分数：1.00）A.1960sB.1970sC.
9、1980sD.1990s(5).What is the implication of the last sentence of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Many people havent realized the importance of many other healthy diets.B.It is not clear whether we should eat more fiber, sodium, fruits, etcC.Fiber, sodium, fruits and vegetables, grams and legumes are healthy
10、diets.D.We didnt make it loud to people that they should have more other diets.Text 2Youd think that if the San Andreas Fault went to the trouble of having a perfectly good earthquake, the folks on the US West Coast might at least notice. A new study reveals, however, that in 1992, what should have
11、been a China-smashing 4.8 Richter-scale quake hit central California, and yet nobody felt a thing. The explanation for the odd shadow-quake was published last week in the journal Nature and may help improve sciences understanding of earthquakes in general.According to Alan T. Linda, a geophysicist a
12、t the Carnegie Institution of Washington and the studys leader, what makes seismic events so destructive is not just that the earth moves but the speed with which it does so. In many quakes the earths surface movement that leads to shaking takes only seconds to unfold, sending energy exploding in al
13、l directions. But recent analysis of data from strain gauges along the San Andreas Fault reveals that four years ago, a skip occurred that took a week to play out. Such slow sliding almost eliminates an earthquakes quaking.Exactly what determines the speed with which the earths plates move is unclea
14、r, but scientists have some ideas. “The fault material may play a role,“ Linda says, “Rock with holes containing water can move more smoothly than other rock. The pressure the plates are under can make a difference too: the bigher the stress, the likelier the fault will fail suddenly.“Lindas work ma
15、y never help seismologists determine which type of temblor is likely to strike which region, but he still believes the research has value. There may be no better way of understanding destructive quakes, he feels, than to learn what makes them less destructive.（分数：5.00）(1)._ has noticed the 4.8 Richt
16、er-scale quake in Central California in 1992.（分数：1.00）A.West Coast folksB.NobodyC.GeophysicistsD.People in California(2).According to Linda, what makes seismic events so destructive is _.（分数：1.00）A.the earth movementB.the energy explosionC.the speed of the earth movementsD.the earthquake(3).In Linda
17、s view, which of the following does NOT determine the speed with which the earths plates move?（分数：1.00）A.Fault material.B.Rock with holes.C.Pressure.D.Energy.(4).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Slow sliding of the San Andreas eliminates an earthquakes quaking.B.Rock with hol
18、es can move more smoothly than other rock.C.What determines the speed with which the earths plates move is unclear.D.Lindas study helps seismologists determine the type of temblor.(5).The word “temblor“ (Par. 4, sentence 1) can best be replaced by _.（分数：1.00）A.movementB.earthC.quakeD.rockText 3Large
19、 companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospects of raising the sort of sums need from friends and people we know, and while banks
20、 may agree to provide short term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on permanent basis for long-term project. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation
21、 the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the
22、services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us
23、properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to Finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whos
24、e standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new change exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.（分数：5.00）(1).Almost all companies involved in new prod
25、uction and development must _.（分数：1.00）A.rely on their own financial resourcesB.persuade the banks to provide long-term financeC.borrow large sums of money from friends and people they knowD.depend on the population as a whole for finance(2).The money which enables these companies to go ahead with t
26、heir projects is _.（分数：1.00）A.repaid to its original owners as soon as possibleB.raised by the selling of shares in the companiesC.exchanged for part ownership in the Stock ExchangeD.invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange(3).When the savers want their money back they _.（分数：1.00）A.ask
27、another company to obtain their money for themB.look for other people to borrow money fromC.put their shares in the company back on marketD.put their money to a more successful company(4).All the essential services on which we depend are _.（分数：1.00）A.run by the Government or our local supportB.in co
28、nstant need of financial supportC.finance wholly by rates and taxesD.unable to provide for the needs of the population(5).The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries _.（分数：1.00）A.to borrow as much money as they wishB.to make certain everybod
29、y saves moneyC.to raise money to finance new developmentD.to make certain everybody lends money to themPart BIn the following article some paragraphs or sentences have been removed. For questions 1620, choose the most suitable paragraph or sentence from the lists AF to fit into each of the numbered
30、gaps. There is one paragraph which doesnt fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 1.A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps, for there is a companionship of books as well as of men. And one should always live in the best company, whet
31、her it is of books or of men.16._Men often discover their attractions to each other by the love they have each for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both have for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog.“ But there is more wisdom in this:
32、“Love me, love my book.“17._A good book is often the best container of a life, containing the best that life could think out, for the world of a mans life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts.18._“They are never alone,“ said Sir Philip Sidney, “that are accompanied by noble thoughts.
33、“The good and tree thought may in times of temptation be as an angel of mercy, purifying and guarding the soul. It also preserves the seeds of action, for good words almost always inspire good works.19._Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which ar
34、e as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to separate the bad products, for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really g
35、ood.20._We hear what they said and did. We see them as if they were really alive. We sympathize with them, enjoy with them, and sorrow with them. Their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe.The great and good do not die eve
36、n in this world. Well preserved in the books, their spirits walk abroad.A Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort.B A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the mo
37、st patient and cheerful of companions. It does not tum its back upon us in times of misfortune or suffering. It always receives us with the same kindness, amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting us in age.C Thus the best books are treasuries of good words and golden thoughts, which, reme
38、mbered and cared about, become our lasting companions and comforters.D The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens. Hence we ever remain under the influence of the great men of the past.E The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize
39、with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.F Books introduce us into the best society. They bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Part CAnswer questions by referrin
40、g to the following 3 passages.Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET. Some choices may be required more than once.A=The Role of a Teacher B=The Task of a Teacher C=A Good TeacherIn which passage . is it likely to say that students share the similar approach take
41、n by experts in tackling their tasks?21. _ can we learn that students wish to confront and resolve difficulties rather than gloss over them in the learning environment?22. _is it possible for the teacher to shift his role when students are busy making up their own minds?23. _can we get the view that
42、 the act of teaching is looked upon as a flow of knowledge from a higher source to an empty container?24. _does a teachers task include that he must be carefully tailored to suit both that which is to be learnt and those who are to learn it?25. _is it most possible for a teacher to teaching mini-les
43、sons for individuals and groups who need a particular skill?26. _do readers learn that tasks of a teacher are complicated and not easy to achieve?27. _are we told that teaching need not be the province of a special group of people nor need it be looked upon as a technical skill?28. _is it probably f
44、or a teacher to guide on the side while students are conducting their investigations?29. _can we learn that each member of our cultures should come to realize our potential as teachers?30. _The Role of a TeacherTeaching is supposed to be a professional activity requiring long and complicated trainin
45、g as well as official certification. The act of teaching is looked upon as a flow of knowledge from a higher source to an empty container. The students role is one of receiving information; the teachers role is one of sending it. There is a clear distinction assumed between one who is supposed to kn
46、ow (and therefore not capable of being wrong) and another, usually younger person who is supposed not to know. However, teaching need not be the province of a special group of people nor need it be looked upon as a technical skill. Teaching can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing informa
47、tion into a supposedly empty head. If you have a certain skill you should be able to share it with someone. You do not have to get certified to convey what you know to someone else or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves. All of us, from the very youngest children to the oldest members
48、of our cultures should come to realize our own potential as teachers. We can share what we know, however little it might be, with someone who is in need of that knowledge or skill.The Task of a TeacherThe task of the teacher in higher education has many dimensions: it involves the provision of a bro
49、ad context of knowledge within which students can locate and understand the content of their more specific studies; it involves the creation of a learning environment in which students are encouraged to think carefully and critically and express their thoughts, and in which they wish to confront and resolve di
