1、公共英语五级-72 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BThis section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section:
2、 Part A, Part B, and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. NOT on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto ANSWER SHEET 1.If
3、you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not he allowed to speak once the test has started.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.BPart A/BYou will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Question 1 to 10 by circling BTrue/B or BFalse/B. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.B You now
4、have 60 seconds to read Question 110./B（分数：10.00）(1).The speech is mainly about the organization of the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).People like to have changes in the organization of the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).All directors on the Board are full-time employees in the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误
5、(4).The job of the Board of Directors is to administrate the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).The chairman of the Board is appointed by the Board.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).MD refers to a doctor of medicine.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).MD is the absolute head of the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).MD decides companys po
6、licies and carried them out.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).MD has six departmental managers at the moment.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).The speaker will introduce six departmental managers one by one.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误二、BPart B/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions b
7、y choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.B Questions 1113 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1113./B（分数：3.00）(1).What is the speaker mainly discussing?（分数：1.00）A.Traditional European architecture.B.Techniques for building log cabins.C.The
8、 history of log structures.D.How to build a home yourself.(2).According to the speaker, what gives modern log homes their warm atmosphere?（分数：1.00）A.Their small size.B.Their rustic dirt floors.C.Their wails made up of rounded logs.D.Their sliding board windows.(3).According to the speaker, why were
9、log cabins especially popular to settlers who moved west?（分数：1.00）A.They could easily build the log houses themselves.B.They could construct the houses from kits.C.They liked the cozy atmosphere of the log interior.D.They wanted homes that could be transported.B Questions 1416 are based on the follo
10、wing conversation. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1416./B（分数：3.00）(1).Who is the man?（分数：1.00）A.Student advisor.B.Course teacher.C.Admissions officer.D.Department secretary.(2).Which subject does the student say she was good at?（分数：1.00）A.Computer programming.B.Art and design.C.Electronic
11、s.D.Mathematics.(3).What will she most likely do eventually?（分数：1.00）A.Do basic electronics.B.Teach English literature.C.Produce educational games.D.Write computer programs.B Questions 1720 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 1720./B（分数：4.00）(1).Frank Damrosch
12、was born in _ .（分数：1.00）A.1871B.1862C.1885D.1859(2).1897 was the year Frank Damrosch _ .（分数：1.00）A.became the director of music in the New York public schoolsB.became the conductor of the Oratorio Society and the Symphony SocietyC.became chorus master at the Metropolitan OperasD.founded the Institut
13、e of Musical Art in New York(3).In 1885, Walter Johannes Damrosch _ .（分数：1.00）A.was made director of music in the New York public schoolsB.founded the Institute of Musical Art in New YorkC.came to New York with his fatherD.succeeded Leopold as conductor of the Oratorio Society and the Symphony Socie
14、ty(4).After the talk the audience will _ .（分数：1.00）A.listen to some music conducted by Frank DamroschB.listen to some music written by Frank DamroschC.write a paper on the Damrosch familyD.watch some slides about Damrosch三、BPart C/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)You will hear a talk on how to make oral presentatio
15、ns. As you listen, you must answer Questions 21-30 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.B You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21-30./B（分数：10.00）(1).Besides the form of reports, in what other forms can we give oral presentations?（分
16、数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Whats the essential point we should realize about speech and writing?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What can the listeners rely on when they are listening?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Whats one of the best ways to help your audience?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Besides the problem of speaking too fast, what el
17、se will make listening more difficult?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Before delivering the new information, what should the speaker give his audience?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).After delivering the new information, why should the speaker also give his audience some time?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).What does repetition of ide
18、as mean?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).Whats the third method mentioned here to give the listener time for think?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Can you give an example of “filler words“?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Wr
19、ite your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.You may say that the business of marking books is going to slow down your reading. U(31) /Uprobably will. Thats one of theU (32) /Ufor doing it. Most of us have been taken in by the notion that speed ofU (33) /Uis a measure of our intelligence. There isU (34) /Usuc
20、h thing as the rightU (35) /Ufor intelligent reading. Some things should beU (36) /Uquickly and effortlessly, and some should be readU (37) /Uand even laboriously. The sign of intelligenceU (38) /Ureading is the ability to readU (39) /Uthing differently according to their worth. In theU (40) /Uof go
21、od books, the point is not to see how many of them you can get through, U(41) /Uhow many cart you get through-bow many you canU (42) /Uyour own. A few friends areU (43) /Uthan a thousand acquaintances. If this be your goal, U(44) /Uit should be, you will not be impatient if it takes more time and ef
22、fort to read a great book than itU (45) /Ua newspaper.You may have another objection toU (46) /Ubooks. You cant lend them to your friendsU (47) /Unobody else can read themU (48) /Ubeing distracted by your notes. Whats more, you wont want to lend them because aU (49) /Ucopy is a kind of intellectual
23、diary, andU (50) /Uit is almost like giving your mind away.If your friend hopes to read your “Shakespeare“, or “The Federalist Papers“, tell him, gently but firmly, to buy a copy. You will lend him your car or your coat-but your books are as much a part of you as your head or your heart.（分数：20.00）(1
24、).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：25.00)Read the following texts answer the questions accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SH
25、EET 1.BPart A/BBText 1/BOne theory of human evolution is that our ancestors were semi-aquatic apes. They spent much time in water that they lost their body hair, which makes swimming difficult. Daedalus points out that in fact, water is a deadly environment for human beingsnot by drowning; but by ch
26、illing. Our alleged aquatic ancestors should have grown even thicker, longer fur to minimize heat transfer. Indeed, in a maritime accident, it is worth putting on all the clothes you can find; you will live that much longer in the water. As for swimmingforget it. It stirs away all the body heat it g
27、eneratesSadly, many sea disasters happen so suddenly that there is no time to look for spare clothes. So Daedalus is devising a nautical uniform which reacts with water to form an ideal survival garment. His first inspiration was the absorptive acrylate polymer used in bandages, and babies nappy. It
28、 can take up hundreds of times its weight of water, expanding into soft jellylike stuff as it does so. In fibrous form, it can be woven into cloth. Underclothes of this fabric would swell in water into a splendid wet-suit to prevent heat losing. But Daedaluss suit will not merely insulate; it will a
29、ctively generate heat. He recalls the immersion batteries on aircraft life-jackets, which use sea water to generate electricity, and power a signal lamp. His new garment will be one large distributed battery, triggered by immersion in water.Its electrochemistry is an interesting challenge. At first
30、Daedalus wanted it to generate hydrogenperhaps enough of it to fill a balloon and lift the wearer out of the water. But more sanely, he now wants it to exploit the high energy for metal oxidation. A distributed zinc-air battery, exploiting the oxygen dissolved in the water, seems best. A few hundred
31、 grams of zinc could keep the wearer warm for hours in the coldest water. Hydrogen generated in a side reaction might usefully inflate floating pockets in the garment.Swollen by gas and absorbed water, the survival suit will usefully discourage attempts to swim. Its wearer may generate a little adde
32、d heat by shivering, though this also will stir away all the body heat. Only young babies can combat cold by passive thermogenesis. Advocates of our aquatic origins are welcome to the uninteresting argument that their ability is a very small remnant of our ancestral watery metabolism.（分数：5.00）(1).Fr
33、om the passage we learn that man dies in sea disasters mainly because _ .（分数：1.00）A.he has too thick clothes onB.he can not swimC.he does not have waterproof clothesD.he loses too much of body heat in the water(2).Daedaluss survival water garment is _ .（分数：1.00）A.to use sea water to produce heatB.to
34、 use the body to generate heatC.to use the power produced by aircraft life-jacketD.to use passive thermogenesis.(3).Daedaluss survival water garment can _ .（分数：1.00）A.generate heatB.generate gas and heatC.help the wearer swim and keep warmD.help the wearer float(4).We can infer from the passage that
35、 _ .（分数：1.00）A.with less sea accidents fewer people will dieB.Daedaluss new design of water garment costs too muchC.with thicker fat under skin we may survive sea accidents betterD.an aircraft life-jacket can do the same as Daedaluss water better(5).The main idea of the passage is _ .（分数：1.00）A.baby
36、 can stay“ alive in cold water longer than adultsB.how to keep out the cold in waterC.how to float better in waterD.human beings came from semi-water apesBText 2/BManagers spend a great deal of their time in meetings. According to Henry Mintzbery, in his book, The Nature of Managerial Work, managers
37、 in large organizations spend only 22 per cent of their time on meetings. So what are the managers doing in those meetings?There have conventionally been two answers. The first is the academic version: Managers are coordinating and controlling, making decisions, solving problems and planning. This i
38、nterpretation has been largely discredited because it ignores the social and political forces at work in meetings.The second version claims that meetings provide little more than strategic sites for corporate gladiators to perform before the organizational emperors. This perspective is far more attr
39、active, and has given rise to a large, and often humorous, body of literature on gamesmanship and posturing in meetings.It is, of course, true that meeting rooms serve as shop windows for managerial talent, but this is far from the truth as a whole. The suggestion that meetings are actually battle g
40、rounds is misleading since the raison detre of meetings has far more to do with comfort than conflict. Meetings are actually vital props, both for the participants and the organization as a whole.For the organization, meetings represent recording devices. The minutes of meetings catalogue the change
41、 of the organization, at all levels, in a more systematic way than do the assorted memos and directives which are scattered about the company. They enshrine the minutes of corporate history, they itemize proposed actions and outcomes in a way which makes one look like the natural culmination of the
42、other.The whole tenor of the minutes is one of total premeditation and implied continuity. They are a sanitized version of reality which suggests a reassuring level of control over events. What is more, the minutes record the debating of certain issues in an official and democratic forum, so that th
43、ose not involved in the process can be assured that decision was not taken lightly.As Dong Bennett, an administrative and financial manager with Allied Breweries, explains: “Time and effort are seen to have been invested in scrutinizing a certain course of action. “Key individuals are also seen to h
44、ave put their names behind that particular course of action. The decision can therefore proceed with the full weight of the organization behind it, even if it actually went through“ on the nod “. At the same time, the burden of responsibility is spread, so that no individual takes the blame.Thus, th
45、e public nature of formal meetings confers a degree of legitimacy on what happens in them. Having a view pass unchallenged at a meeting can be taken to indicate consensus.However, meetings also serve as an alibi for action, as demonstrated by one manager who explained to his subordinates: “I did wha
46、t I could to prevent itI had our objections minutes in two meetings. “The proof of conspicuous effort was there in black and white.By merely attending meetings, managers buttress their status, while non-attendance can carry with it a certain stigma. Whether individual managers intend to make a contr
47、ibution or not, it is satisfying to be considered one of those whose views matter. Ostracism, for senior managers, is not being invited to meetings.As one cynic observed, meetings are comfortingly tangible: “Who on the shop floor really believes that managers are working when they tour the works? But assemble them behind closed
