1、公共英语五级-68 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BPart A/BI You will hear a report about the US citizenship and immigration policy. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1 to 10.
2、Questions 1 to 10:/I（分数：10.00）(1).President Bush intends to provide illegal immigrants with an opportunity to get legal residency or American citizenship.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).Applicants for residency will have to pay $1,000 from July 30 on.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).Crystal Williams believes that the new
3、fees may force some immigrants to delay or give up applications.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).Citizenship and Immigration Service receives no federal funds to process applications.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).USCIS spokesman recognizes that the application fees are a burden which has been causing pain since a long t
4、ime ago.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).Refugees and asylum-seekers do not have to pay the application fees.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).USCIS is constrained by its fee-charging system according to Donald Kerwin.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).Congressman Steve King opposes to shift the financial burden to US taxpayers.（分数：1.00）
5、A.正确B.错误(9).Immigration officials back the fee increase to improve spending flexibility.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Fewer and fewer immigrants applied for the US citizenship in recent decades than before.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误二、BPart B/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)B Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following talk on th
6、e anti-whaling movement. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 13./B（分数：3.00）(1).How many whales altogether does Japan plan to capture?（分数：1.00）A.50.B.935.C.985.D.Thousands of.(2).Why did the International Whaling Commission ban commercial whaling?（分数：1.00）A.In order to help understand wha
7、le stocks.B.In order to help understand the health of the Antarctic environment.C.In order to allow whale stocks to rebuild.D.In order to do scientific research.(3).What organization(s) hope public pressure will be more effective than lawsuits?（分数：1.00）A.Australias Antarctic Whale Sanctuary.B.Austra
8、lian government and environmental groups.C.The Hague.D.The International Court of Justice.B Questions 14 to 16 are based on the following talk on the colleges for the deaf in the US. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 to 16./B（分数：3.00）(1).Which of the following students can most probably g
9、et a scholarship at Gallaudet?（分数：1.00）A.A student in financial need.B.A freshman who does well.C.A sophomore from China whos been doing well.D.A senior from a developing country who does well currently.(2).Who is Robert Davila?（分数：1.00）A.The president of Gallaudet whom students protested against.B.
10、The new president of the National Technical Institute for the Deaf.C.The chief executive of Rochester Institute of Technology.D.The popular president of Gallaudet.(3).How much does an international graduate student pay at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf?（分数：1.00）A.$33,000 a year.B.$28,
11、000 a year.C.$12,000 a year.D.$20,000 a year.B Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following talk on how to become a doctor in the US. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 to 20./B（分数：4.00）(1).How can foreign-trained doctors get approved from the Educational Commission to complete a residenc
12、y in the US?（分数：1.00）A.By reporting to the Educational Commission.B.By passing several tests.C.By getting a visa.D.By getting hospital training.(2).What do the foreign-trained doctors have to do if they attended an unrecognized medical school?（分数：1.00）A.To list it in the FAIMER.B.To apply for a resi
13、dency.C.To attend an American medical school.D.To go back to their medical schools.(3).What do medical school applicants have to do?（分数：1.00）A.To report to the Association of American Medical Colleges.B.To submit their Medical College Admission Test scores.C.To report to the Medical College Admissio
14、n Test.D.To submit their school reports.(4).What have American doctors completed traditionally?（分数：1.00）A.Four years of medical school and a residency between three and seven years.B.Four years of medical school and an internship.C.Five years of medical school and a residency between six and seven y
15、ears.D.Five years of medical school and an internship.三、BPart C/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)（分数：10.00）(1).How have the once reasonably priced holidays in Europe become to Americans?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What is the dollar in the worlds economy as measured by various indicators?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What else does
16、the value of a currency reflect besides the financial circumstances of a country?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What is the currency of a country compared to?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).How has foreign investing in the US become since the US underwent an economic slowdown?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).What can solve Americas pr
17、oblem of trade imbalance according to economists?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Economist Bivens says the Bush administration talks to support a “strong“ dollar in order to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).When the dollar decreases in value, the Chinese currency _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).How are part of the dollars that Chin
18、a accumulates spent in the US?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).How must the shifts in the value of the dollar be in order to prevent market “shocks“?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)An allergy is an unusually strong reactionU (31) /Ua substance. Many things can cause allergies. The most common ca
19、use is pollen. Trees usually produce pollen in the spring, grasses in the summer and weeds in the fallU (32) /Upart of their reproductive process.Other causes include organisms such as dust mites and molds. Chemicals, plants and dead skin particlesU (33) /Udogs and cats can also cause allergic react
20、ions. U(34) /Ucan insect stings and some foods.The most common kind ofU (35) /Ureaction is itchy, watery eyes and a blocked or watery nose. Allergies can alsoU (36) /Ured, itchy skin. Some reactions can be life-threateningfor example, when breathing passages becomeU (37) /U.AvoidingU (38) /Ucauses a
21、n allergy may not always be easy. Antihistamine drugsU (39) /Uoffer an effective treatment. AnotherU (40) /Uused in some cases is called immunotherapy. A patient isU (41) /Uwith small amounts of the allergy-causing substance. The idea is that larger and larger amounts are given over timeU (42) /Uthe
22、 patient develops a resistanceU (43) /Uthe allergen.In the United States, experts estimate that up to four percent of adults and up to eight percent of young children have foodU (44) /U. Every year these allergies cause about thirty thousandU (45) /Uof anaphylaxis, a severe reaction that requires im
23、mediate treatment.It can resultU (46) /Utrouble breathing and in some cases death. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases says one hundred to two hundred people die. It says most of the reactions are causedU (47) /Upeanuts and tree nuts such as walnuts.People can also be allergic
24、to medicines. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology says about five to ten percent of bad reactions to commonly usedU (48) /Uare allergic. In other words, a persons immune system overreacts andU (49) /Uan allergic reaction. TheU (50) /Ucommon reactions include skin rashes, itching,
25、breathing problems and swelling in areas such as the face.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、BSection Readi(总题数：3，分数：15.00)BText 1/BIt takes only a tiny magnetic field to
26、 see clear through a persons head, a new study shows. A method called ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has captured its first, blurry shots of a human brain, revealing activity as well as structure.MRI scanners image the human body by detecting how hydrogen atoms respond to magnetic
27、fields. They typically require fields of a few teslaabout 10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than the Earths magnetic field. The powerful magnets necessary make scanners pricey and also dangerous for people with metal implants.The new device hits a sample with a 30 millitesla magnetic field, about 100
28、 times weaker than is normally used in MRI. The device then uses a 46 microtesla magnetic fieldabout the same as the Earths magnetic fieldto capture images of the sample.The first target for the device was the head of lead researcher Vadim Zotev of Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, US.“T
29、he cost of MRI can be reduced dramatically,“ Zotev says. The new set-up uses several ultra-sensitive sensors called superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), which have to be kept at very low temperatures. “The most expensive part of our system is the liquid helium cryostat, which costs
30、 about $20,000,“ Zotev adds.Ultra-low field MRI scanning was first performed with a single SQUID in 2004 by a group led by John Clarke at University of California, Berkeley, US, but this only allowed objects about the size of an apple to be scanned. The new device uses seven SQUIDs and can scan much
31、 larger objects.MRI machines in the clinic today require a patient to be slotted into a long, cylindrical tube. Ultra-low field MRI machines can be much more open. “Microtesla MRI is more suitable for surgical environment than high-field MRI,“ Zotev says. “Some medical equipment can be conveniently
32、placed inside the scanner,“ including surgical robots, Zotev says.Todays MRI machines can also be problematic for people with metal implants, since intense magnetic fields can move or heat them causing damage to surrounding tissue.Experiments show that ultra-low field MRI can image materials even wh
33、en metal is placed near the magnets.However, ultra-low field MRI hasnt been tested on animals or people with metal implants yet. “It would be wrong to claim that it is absolutely safe,“ Zotev says.Since the new device also doubles as magnetoencephalography (MEG) machine, by picking up the feeble mag
34、netic fields from electrical activity in the brain, it could perhaps let surgeons more easily identify areas of the brain with abnormal activity, such as in epilepsy.“This is the main advantage of the new set-up,“ Clarke says. “Its a nice step forward.“（分数：5.00）(1).The ultra-low field MRI captures i
35、mages by using fields about（分数：1.00）A.10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than the Earths magnetic field.B.100 times weaker than the Earths magnetic field.C.100 times weaker than is normally used in MRI.D.the same as the Earths magnetic field.(2).What was the first ultra-low field MRI scanning of a hum
36、an brain?（分数：1.00）A.The one by Vadim Zotev group with a single SQUID.B.The one by Vadim Zotev group with seven SQUIDs.C.The one by John Clarke group with a single SQUID.D.The one by John Clarke group with seven SQUIDs.(3).Why is ultra-low field MRI more suitable for surgical environment than high-fi
37、eld MRI?（分数：1.00）A.Because the former can reduce the cost of MRI scanning dramatically.B.Because patients today need slotting into a tube for high-field MRI scanning.C.Because the former captures clearer images.D.Because surgical robots can be conveniently placed into ultra-low field MRI scanners.(4
38、).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Tests show ultra-low field MRI scanning cannot move patients metal implants.B.Powerful magnets are dangerous for people with metal implants.C.High-field MRI scanning can heat or move patients metal implants.D.The body tissue surrounding a me
39、tal implant can be damaged by todays MRI scanning.(5).What is the main advantage of ultra-low field MRI according to John Clarke?（分数：1.00）A.It can be adopted to implant metal device into a patients body.B.It can be used to cure abnormal areas of brain.C.Areas of brain with abnormal activity could be
40、 more easily identified by doctors using it.D.It doubles as MEG machine.BText 2/BA rocket thruster based on an engine designed to power a lunar lander on an expedition to the Moon has been successfully tested by the Northrop Grumman aerospace company in the US.The thruster runs on a mix of liquid me
41、thane and liquid oxygen, which has the potential to be more efficient than other engines, but has never before been used to power or steer a spacecraft.Methane engines are a candidate for powering the liftoff vehicle NASA is developing to return astronauts from the lunar surface. Methane thrusters c
42、ould be used for steering in space.Missions such as landing on and taking off from the Moon put stringent requirements on engines. Importantly, rockets must be liquid-fuelled so they can be shut down and restarted if needed.The Apollo lunar landers used exotic mixtures called “hypergolic“ fuels, whi
43、ch ignite when they come into contact with a matched oxidizer. Because they are liquids at or near room temperature, hypergolic fuels dont require heavy cryogenics or pressurized tanks, and can be stored longer than liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen (LOX) without boiling away.But the specific impuls
44、ea measure of propulsion powerof hypergolic engines is only 260 to 310 seconds, compared to 425 to 455 seconds from liquid hydrogen and LOX. And hypergolic engines require the use of compounds such as nitrogen tetroxide and hydrazine, which are extremely toxic for astronauts and ground crews.Methane
45、 requires cooling to -161.6, close to the temperature of LOX, but well above the -252.9 degrees C needed for liquid hydrogen, reducing the mass of insulation and cooling equipment.Liquid methane is also denser than liquid hydrogen, so fuel tanks can be smaller than those for liquid hydrogen. And Nor
46、throps test engine has already beaten the specific impulse of hypergolic fuels, although it cant match that of a liquid-hydrogen engine.The Northrop tests are a step toward answering NASA concerns about the ease of igniting methane, crucial for engine function, and have earned the company a 10-month
47、 contract for further engine development. “The engine far exceeded performance requirements,“ said Northrop programme manager Mark Trinidad. It was fired more than 50 times, a key capability for thrusters, which are used repeatedly.Meanwhile other teams are also working on more powerful methane/LOX engines suitable for lunar liftoff. Last year, NASA engineers fired a methane-LOX engine for 103 se
