1、公共英语五级-59 及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BThis section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section:
2、 Part A, Part B, and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. NOT on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto ANSWER SHEET 1.If
3、you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.BPart A/BYou will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Question 1 to 10 by circling True or False. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.B You now have 6
4、0 seconds to read Question 110./B（分数：10.00）(1).Recurrent education is designed for full-time students to gain knowledge outside their school study.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).Recurrent education also provides learners such pastimes as reading or watching television.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).In the United States
5、, more than a fourth of the adult population join some form of recurrent education.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).Pottery making or speed reading are the recurrent education activities some people long to get in their leisure time.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).People enroll-in some form of recurrent education activiti
6、es to use the knowledge they learn.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).The teaching in recurrent education is more advanced than the teaching children receive from school.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).A teacher often uses group discussions with children in school.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).Except the four chief sources of recurr
7、ent education, no other organizations provide recurrent education for adults.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).Adults can earn credit for the equivalent of a high school or college education by GED or CLEP.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Recurrent education is a means through which adults get the chance to arm themselves
8、with skills, knowledge and entertain themselves in their leisure time.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误二、BPart B/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.B Questions 1113 are based on the following talk.
9、 You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1113./B（分数：3.00）(1).Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because _ .（分数：1.00）A.the hunters wanted to see the picturesB.the painters were animal loversC.the painters wanted to show imaginationD.the pictures were thought
10、to be helpful(2).The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that _ .（分数：1.00）A.the former was easy to writeB.there were fewer signs in the formerC.the former was easy to pronounceD.each sign stood for only one sound(3).Which of the following statemen
11、ts is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.B.The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories.C.The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.D.The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.B Questions 14-16 are based on the following talk. You n
12、ow have 15 seconds to read Questions 1416./B（分数：3.00）(1).Why are the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important?（分数：1.00）A.They function as a hunting preserve.B.They are restricted to government use.C.They are heavily populated.D.They contain natural habitats of threatened species.
13、(2).The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as _ .（分数：1.00）A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointing(3).It can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of Glacier National Park is to _ .（分数：1.00）A.limit land develo
14、pment around the parkB.establish a new park in MontanaC.influence national legislationD.settle border disputes with CanadaB Questions 1720 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 1720./B（分数：4.00）(1).The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860s
15、 as “limited“ because _ .（分数：1.00）A.the track did not take the direct route from one city to the next.B.passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinationsC.passengers preferred stagecoachesD.railroad travel was quite expensive(2).What can be inferre
16、d about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded?（分数：1.00）A.They developed competing routes.B.Their drivers refused to work for the railroads.C.They began to specialize in private investment.D.There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them.(3).Why does the author ment
17、ion the Sierra Nevada?（分数：1.00）A.To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken.B.To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West.C.To point out the location of a serious train accident.D.To give an“ example of an obstacle faced by the central Pacific.(4).The w
18、ord “subside“ is closest in meaning to _ .（分数：1.00）A.persuasionB.financingC.explanationD.penalty三、BPart C/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)You will hear a talk about computers. As you listen, you must answer Questions 21-30 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the ta
19、lk TWICE. You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21-30.（分数：10.00）(1).Computers can process _ at great speed.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).So any particular computer can also be made _ without taking up too much room.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What are computers widely used for in banking?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What
20、is another development of computers known as?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Computers are being used more and more in medicine too. The commonest use is for keeping _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).What is one of the latest development of computer use in hospital?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What gap is increased owing to the de
21、velopment of computer-assisted diagnose?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Computers are revolutionizing the work of those who _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).What can office typists use to make their work easier and more efficient?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).What does the passage mainly talk about?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BSection Use
22、o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.One of the most important social developmentsU (31) /Uhelped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education was the effect of theU (32)
23、/Uboom of the 1950s and 1960s on the schools. In the 1920s, butU (33) /Uin the Depression conditions of the 1930s, the United States experienced a declining birthrateevery thousand women aged fifteenU (34) /Uforty-four gave birth to about 118 live children in 1920, 89. 2 in 1930, 75.8 in 1936, and 8
24、0 in 1940. U(35) /Uthe growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom thatU (36) /Uit, young people married and established households earlier and began toU (37) /Ularger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. BirthU (38) /Urose to 102 per thousand i
25、n 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. Although economics was probably the most important determinant, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placedU (39) /Uthe idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming into th
26、e first grade by the mid-1940s and became a floodU (40) /U1950. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of schoolchildrenU (41) /Ubecause of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to copeU (42) /Uthe flood. The war
27、time economy meant that few new schools were builtU (43) /U1940 and 1945. Moreover, during the war and in the boom times that followed, largeU (44) /Uof teachers left their profession for better-paying jobs elsewhere in the economy.Therefore, in the 1950s and 1960s, the baby boom hit an antiquated a
28、nd inadequate school system. Consequently, the “custodial rhetoric“ of the 1930s and early 1940s no longer madeU (45) /U; that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older outU (46) /Uthe labor market by keeping them in school could noU (47) /Ube a high priority for an institution unableU (48) /Ufind s
29、pace and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skillsU (49) /Udiscipline. TheU (50) /Uno longer had much interest in offering nontradi
30、tional, new, and extra services to older youths.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：25.00)BPart A/BRead the following texts answer the questions ac
31、company them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.BText 1/BSince the late 1970s, in the face of a severe loss of market share in dozens of industries, manufacturers in the United States have been trying to improve productivityand therefore enhance their international competi
32、tivenessthrough cost-cutting programs. (Cost-cutting here is defined as raising labor output while holding the amount of labor constant. ) However, from 1978 through 1982, productivity-the value of goods manufactured divided by .the amount of labor input did not improve; and while the results were b
33、etter in the business upturn of the three years following, they ran 25 percent lower than productivity improvements during earlier, post 1945 upturns. At the same time, it became clear that the harder manufactures worked to implement cost-cutting, the more they lost their competitive edge.With this
34、paradox in mind, I recently visited 25 companies; it became clear to me that the cost-cutting approach to increasing productivity is fundamentally flawed. Manufacturing regularly observes a “40,40,20“ rule. Roughly 40 percent of any manufacturing-based competitive advantage derives from long-term ch
35、anges in manufacturing structure (decisions about the number, size, location, and capacity of facilities) and in approaches to materials. Another 40 percent comes from major changes in equipment and process technology. The final 20 percent rests on implementing conventional cost-cutting. This rule d
36、oes not imply that cost-cutting should not be tried. The well-known tools of this approach including simplifying jobs and retraining employees to work smarter, not harder do produce results. But the tools quickly reach the limits of what they can contribute.Another problem is that the cost-cutting a
37、pproach hinders innovation and discourages creative people. As Abernathys study of automobile manufacturers has shown, an industry can easily become prisoner of its own investments in cost-cutting techniques, reducing its ability to develop new products. And managers under pressure to maximize cost-
38、cutting will resist innovation because they know that more fundamental changes in processes or systems will wreak havoc with the results on which they are measured. Production managers have always seen their job as one of minimizing costs and maximizing output. This dimension of performance has unti
39、l recently sufficed as a basis of evaluation, but it has created a penny-pinching, mechanistic culture in most factories that has kept away creative managers.Every company I know that has freed itself from the paradox has done so, in part, by developing and implementing a manufacturing strategy. Suc
40、h a strategy focuses on the manufacturing structure and on equipment and process technology. In one company a manufacturing strategy that allowed different areas of the factory to specialize in different markets replaced the conventional cost-cutting approach; within three years the company regained
41、 its competitive advantage. Together with such strategies, successful companies are also encouraging managers to focus on a wider set of objectives besides cutting costs. There is hope for manufacturing, but it clearly rests on a different way of managing:（分数：5.00）(1).The author of the passage is pr
42、imarily concerned with _ .（分数：1.00）A.summarizing a thesisB.recommending a different approachC.comparing points of viewD.making a series of predictions(2).The author refers to Abernathys study (paragraph 3) most probably in order to _.（分数：1.00）A.qualify an observation about one rule governing manufac
43、turingB.address possible objections to a recommendation about improving manufacturing competivitenessC.support an earlier assertion about one method of increasing productivityD.suggest the centrality in the United States economy of a particular manufacturing industry(3).The authors attitude toward t
44、he culture in most factories is best described as _.（分数：1.00）A.cautiousB.criticalC.disinterestedD.respectful(4).In the passage, the author includes all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.personal observationB.a definition of productivityC.an example of a successful companyD.an illustration of a pr
45、ocess technology(5).The author suggests that implementing conventional cost-cutting as a way of increasing manufacturing competitiveness is a strategy that is _.（分数：1.00）A.flawed and ruinousB.shortsighted and difficult to sustainC.popular and easily accomplishedD.useful but inadequateBText 2/BWhile
46、there is no blueprint for transforming a largely government-controlled economy into a free one, the experience of the United Kingdom since 1979 clearly shows one approach that works: privatization, in which state-owned industries are sold to private companies. By 1979, the total borrowings and losse
47、s of state-owned industries were running at about 3 billion a year. By selling many of these industries, the government has decreased these borrowings and losses, gained over 34 billion from the sales, and now receives tax revenues from the newly privatized companies. Along with a dramatically improved overall economy, t
