1、公共英语五级-51 (1)及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BThis section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this secti
2、on: Part A, Part B, and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. NOT on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto ANSWER SHEET 1.
3、If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.BPart A/BYou will hear a conversation. As you listen, answer Question 1 to 10 by circling BTrue/B or BFalse/B. You will hear the conversation O
4、NLY ONCE.B You now have 60 seconds to read Question 110./B（分数：10.00）(1).They are talking about the problems of old people in general.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).It seems very sad that parents should devote themselves to bringing up their children and when they get old, be regarded as a problem.（分数：1.00）A.正
5、确B.错误(3).The research was mainly carried out in many countries.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).In Britain a widowed mother is considered natural to live with one of her married children.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).During the last fifty years in Britain, there has been strong resistance to the idea that a widowed moth
6、er should live with one of her married children.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).The old people themselves are often in favour of the idea of living with their married children.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).When the old people need care and attention, the situation becomes very difficult.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).Not all the
7、 old people can be sent to nursing homes run by the state because the number of such homes is strictly limited.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).We are having an ever smaller working population nowadays because life expectancy is increasing all the time and the birth rate has fallen.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Profess
8、or Taylor is not optimistic about the situation in the future because it is difficult to persuade people to spend a lot of money on nursing homes.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误二、BPart B/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will he
9、ar the recording ONLY ONCE.B Questions 1113 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1113./B（分数：3.00）(1).According to the police officer, how can people avoid the unpleasant accidents?（分数：1.00）A.By taking a little care and using a little common sense.B.By taking a l
10、ot of care and using all the common sense.C.By calling the police for help whatever happens.D.By having a companion wherever you go.(2).Which of the following is advised NOT to do when you go home late at night?（分数：1.00）A.Drive home by yourself.B.Go back home with somebody else.C.Ask for a lift from
11、 a stranger,D.Take a taxi.(3).According to the speaker, it is _ to carry a knife, spray or anything that can be used as a weapon.（分数：1.00）A.illegal even for self-defenseB.not demandedC.not recommendedD.abnormal even for self-protectionB Questions 1416 are based on the fallowing talk. You now have 15
12、 seconds to read Questions 1416./B（分数：3.00）(1).What kind of secondary school did Darwin study at?（分数：1.00）A.an extraordinary schoolB.a not well-conditioned schoolC.a very common schoolD.an eligible school(2).Why did Darwin quit medical school and go to the University of Cambridge?（分数：1.00）A.Because
13、he wanted to become a biologist.B.Because he wanted to study science.C.Because he wanted to be a naturalist.D.Because he wanted to be a clergyman.(3).When was young Darwin taken aboard the survey ship HMS Beagle?（分数：1.00）A.In the year 1825.B.In the year 1827.C.In the year 1831.D.In the year 1836.B Q
14、uestions 1720 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 1720./B（分数：4.00）(1).What is the easiest way to show the complex hierarchy of a newspaper?（分数：1.00）A.In the form of a chart.B.In the form of a diagram.C.In the form of a table.D.In the form of a tree.(2).Who is N
15、OT at the top of the complex hierarchy of a newspaper?（分数：1.00）A.The Executive Editor.B.The Assistant Editor.C.The Managing Editor.D.The Editor and his deputy.(3).Who looks after the paper, especially the front page, in the afternoon and evening, preparing for the next morning?（分数：1.00）A.The Assista
16、nt Editor.B.The head of the department.C.The Night Editor.D.The Deputy Editor.(4).What is the responsibility of the subeditors in the newspaper office?（分数：1.00）A.Check and prepare the copy for the printer.B.See that everything runs smoothly.C.Make decisions about what goes into the paper.D.Have clos
17、e contact with the House of Commons and the political content.三、BPart C/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)You will hear a news report about crimes in America. As you listen, you must answer Questions 21-30 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.B You now
18、have. 60 seconds to read Questions 21-30./B（分数：10.00）(1).According to the FBI, how many robberies were solved by the police last year in terms of percentage? （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What is the percentage of burglaries reported to the police?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).How long have solution rates for these fou
19、r crimes remained virtually unchanged?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Why are robberies solved more often than burglaries, larcenies or auto thefts?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Why cannot the police convict most burglars?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Whats the best way to increase the closure rate?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Whats the av
20、erage auto theft loss in 19977 （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Whom will teenagers kill?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).How is the nature of murder now?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).What is the topic of the news report?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with
21、ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Many parents who welcome the idea of turningU (31) /Uthe TV andU (32) /Umore time with the family are still worried thatU (33) /UTV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They rememberU (34) /UUp all sorts of thing
22、s to do when they were kids. But their own kids seemU (35) /U, less resourceful, somehow. When theres nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with anything to doU (36) /Uturning on the TV.One father, for example, says, “When I was aU (37) /U, we were alway
23、s thinking up things to do, projects and games. We certainly never complainedU (38) /Uan annoying wayU (39) /Uour parents, I have nothing to do ! “He compares this with his own children today: “They are simply lazy. If someoneU (40) /Uentertain them, theyll happily sit there watching TV all day. “Th
24、ere is one word for this fathers disappointment; unfair. U(41) /Uis as if heU (42) /Udisappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores his childrensU (43) /Uof inventiveness, as if the ability to play was missing. In fact, U(44) /Uthe tendency to pla
25、y is built into the human species, the actual ability to play-to imagine, to invent, to elaborate on reality in a playful way-and the ability toU (45) /Ufulfillment from it, these are skills that have to beU (46) /Uand developed.Such disappointment, however, is not onlyU (47) /U, it is also destruct
26、ive. Sensing their parents disappointment, children come to believe that they are. U(48) /U, lacking something, and that thisU (49) /Uthem less worthy of admiration and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources, to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing th
27、ingsU (50) /Utheir own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
28、 1:_填空项 1:_五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：25.00)BPart A/BRead the following texts answer the questions accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.BText 1/BWhile its true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those i
29、nstructions are inactivated, and with good reason. The last thing you want is for your brain cells to start producing stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem ce
30、lls havent begun to specialize.Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells-brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct t
31、heir growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and m
32、ay have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power.The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin. True cloning, as first shown with Dolly the sheep two
33、 years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent.For agriculture, in which purely physical
34、 characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie
35、 in the coming year.Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells:
36、 the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a tree “miracle cure“.（分数：5.00）(1).The passage mainly discusses _ .（分数：1.00）A.the cloning technologyB.types of body cellsC.stem cellsD.methods of growing body tissues(2).The reason a nose is no
37、t likely to turn into a kidney is that _ .（分数：1.00）A.cells in the nose do not contain instructionsB.a nose does not contain brain cellsC.instructions in a nose cell are inactivatedD.the stem cells have not been specialized(3).When stem cells specialize, they _ .（分数：1.00）A.grow into body partsB.are d
38、estroyedC.are set back to a pristine stateD.turn nose into kidney(4).The phrase “biological carbon copies“ (para. 4) refers to _ .（分数：1.00）A.physical characteristics of real market valueB.body tissuesC.cloned animalsD.stem cells(5).The author would most likely agree with which of the following state
39、ments?（分数：1.00）A.Human cloning is a technical impossibility.B.Human cloning may cause ethical concerns.C.Cloning contributes to understanding of stem ceils.D.The potential medical values of cloning have been exaggerated.BText 2/BHotels were among the earliest facilities that Ubound/U the United Stat
40、es together. They were both creatures and creators of communities, as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community. Even in the first part of the nineteenth century, Americans were already forming the habit of gathering from all comers of the nation for both public and private, business and
41、pleasure purposes. Conventions were the new occasions, and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible. The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate for President (that of the National Republican Party, which met on December 12, 1831, and nominat
42、ed Henry Clay for President) was held in Baltimore, at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country. The presence in Baltimore of Barnums City Hotel, a six-story building with two hundred apartments, helps explain why many other early national political conventions were held there.In
43、the longer run, too. American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial. The growing custom of regularly Uassembling/U from afar the representatives of all kinds of groups-not only for political conventions, but also for commercial, professional, learned, an
44、d avocational ones-in turn supported the multiplying hotels. By mid-twentieth century, conventions accounted for over a third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation; about eighteen thousand different conventions were held annually with a total attendance of about ten million person
45、s.Nineteenth-century American hotelkeepers, who were no longer the genial, deferential “hosts“ of the eighteenth-century European inn, became leading citizens. Holding a large stake in the community, they exercised power to make it prosper. As owners or managers of the local “palace of the public“,
46、they were makers and shapers of a principal community attraction. Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “bound“ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _ .（分数：1.00）A.ledB.protectedC.tiedD.strengthened(2).The National Republican Party is mentione
47、d in paragraph 1 as an example of a group _ .（分数：1.00）A.from BaltimoreB.of learned peopleC.owning a hotelD.holding a convention(3).The word “assembling“ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _ .（分数：1.00）A.announcingB.motivatingC.gatheringD.contracting(4).It can be inferred from the passage that early hotel keepers in th
