1、公共英语五级-214 及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Walkinglike swimming, bicycling and runningis an aerobic exercise, 1 builds the capacity for energy output and physical endurance by increasing the supply of oxygen to skin and muscles. Such exercises may be a primary factor in
2、 the 2 of heart and circulatory disease. As probably the least strenuous, safest aerobic activity, walking is the 3 acceptable exercise for the largest number of people. Walking 4 comfortable speed improves the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system 5 stimulating the lungs and heart, but at a mo
3、re gradual rate 6 most other forms of exercise. In one test, a group of men 40 to 57 years of age, 7 at a fast pace for 40 minutes four days a week, showed improvement 8 to men the same age on a 30 minute, three-day-a-week jogging program in the same period. Their resting heart rate and body fat dec
4、reased 9 . These changes suggest 10 of the importanteven vitalbenefits walking can 11 about. Walking 12 burns calories. It takes 3,500 calories to gain or 13 one pound. Since a one-hour walk at a moderate pace will 14 up 300 to 360 calories. By walking one hour every other day, you can burn up a pou
5、nd-and-a-half monthly, or 18 pounds 15 providing there is no change in your intake of food. To 16 weight faster, walk an hour every day and burn up 3 pounds a month, or 36 pounds a year. 17 your age, right now is the time to give your physical well being as much thought as you 18 to pensions or insu
6、rance. Walking is a vital defense 19 the ravages of degenerative diseases and aging. It is nature“s 20 of giving you a tuneup.（分数：20.00）二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)From China to America, political leaders are wondering how to handle with the newly
7、-elected Russian President Vladimir V. Putin. The 47-year-old leader has not yet to reveal details of his foreign-policy vision, but this is much clear. He wants Russia to stand tallor at least, tallerin the world. “It would be unreasonable to be afraid of a strong Russia, but one should reckon with
8、 it, “he declared in an “open letter“ to voters shortly after they elected him on March 26. “One can insult us only at one“s own peril.“ The important point is whether Putin“s efforts to build new respect for Russia will lead to confrontation with the West. For now, Putin seems hopeful of putting Ru
9、ssianWestern relations on a better standing despite U.S. and European criticism of the Chechen War. Putin is the one taking the initiative, media say, for a tete-a-tete with U. S. President Bill Clinton. The pair discussed a possible meeting when Clinton called Putin on March 27 to congratulate him.
10、 They hope to meet before the July Group of Eight meetimg in Okinawa. “Putin wants it to be constructive,“ says Robert Legvold, a Russia watcher at Columbia University. The new president, Putin seems willing to negotiate arms control and security issues with Washington. Clinton wants Russia“s agreem
11、ent to revise the 1972 anti-ballistic missile treaty so that the U. S. can build a limited national missile defense. Putin would want something in returnperhaps the right to sell its missile-defense technology to potential customers such as South Korea. Putin is also looking for a deal from the Pari
12、s Club of creditor governments on reducing $40 billion in Soviet debt. Encouraged by Putin“s promises to enforce the rule of law, the creditors are likely to give him a break. Any sober calculation of Russia“s global status suggests that Russia needs the West more than the West needs Russia. And wha
13、tever is generally thought, Russia has more to gain from America and Europe than it does from China. That“s why the West should be unafraid of laying down rules for Putinand brace for a time of testing. Putin is often described as both an opportunist and a cynic, but there is no doubt one attribute
14、that he respects: power.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the sentence “one can insult us only at one“s own peril“ mean in the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.One can insult us only when one is in peril.B.Anyone who offends us will be in danger.C.Anyone who is in peril can insult us.D.We“ll never offend those who a
15、re in danger.(2).According to the passage, which of the statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Putin was elected on March 26.B.Clinton called Putin on March 27 to congratulate him.C.Clinton wants Putin to maintain the 1972 anti-ballistic missile treaty.D.Putin wants the fight to sell its missile-defence
16、technology to will-be customers.(3).Which of the following statements about Putin is true?（分数：1.00）A.He was born in 1950.B.He is often considered as the one who takes advantage of any opportunity to gain power or money.C.He has shown details of his foreign-policy attitude.D.He is very powerful.(4).W
17、hat does the last paragraph imply?（分数：1.00）A.China is vital to Russia.B.Russia is a threat to China.C.Russia needs the West in some aspects.D.Russia is a threat to the West.(5).In the last sentence of the last paragraph the word “cynic“ is closest in meaning to（分数：1.00）A.“a fault-finding critic“.B.“
18、a peace-loving man“.C.“an outgoing man“.D.“a favorite companion“.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Paul Straussmann, retired vice president of Xerox, indicates in his book Information Pay-off that“ almost half of the U. S. information workers are in executive, managerial, administrative and professional positi
19、ons. “ He further states that “managers and professionals spend more than half of their time in communicating with each other. “ In other words ,people are a corporation“s most expensive resource. For a typical office, over 90 percent of the operating budget is for salaries, benefits and over head.
20、With this investment, is it any wonder that managers are focusing more and more attention on employee productivity? They realize that the paper jungle cannot be tamed simply by hiring more people. To receive a return on their investment, wise corporate executive officers are realizing what industria
21、lists and agriculturists learned long ago-efficient tools are essential for increased productivity. A direct relationship exists between efficient flow of information and the quality and speed of the output of the end product. For those companies using technology, the per document cost of informatio
22、n processing is only a fraction of what it was a few years ago. The decreasing cost of computers and peripherals( equipment tied to the computer) will continue to make technology a cost-effective tool in the future. An example of this type of saving is illustrated in the case of the Western Division
23、 of General Telephone and Electronics Company(GTE). By making a one-time investment of $10 million to automate its facilities, management estimates an annual saving of $ 8.5 million for the company. This savings is gained mainly through the elimination of support people once needed for proposal proj
24、ects. Through a telecommunications network that supports 150 computer terminals with good graphics capabilities, the engineers who conceptualize the projects are now direct participants. They use the graphics capacities of the computer rather than rely on drafters to prepare drawings, they enter the
25、ir own text rather than employ typists, and they use the network to track project progress rather than conducting meetings.（分数：5.00）(1).In the first paragraph,the author quotes Straussmann“s words in order to make clear（分数：1.00）A.the importance of communicative capability in businessB.the need for p
26、eople of higher positions in a companyC.the importance of assigning people to proper positionsD.the necessity for people in higher positions to know information science(2).Today“s corporate executive officers resemble the industrialists and agriculturists in the past in their realization of_.（分数：1.0
27、0）A.the essential roles of the workers in turning out more productsB.the importance of information to a company“s developmentC.the importance of technology leading to high employee productivityD.the necessity of providing employees with a comfortable environment(3).Which of the following might be th
28、e result from the use of efficient technology in corporations?（分数：1.00）A.The quantity of products will be considerably increased.B.The cost of computers will be decreased.C.The per document cost of information processing will be reduced.D.The newest information will be easier to obtain.(4).The GTE“s
29、 example shows that _.（分数：1.00）A.efficient technology is cost-effectiveB.many meetings in a company are unnecessaryC.many positions like that of a typist can be done away withD.it doesn“t cost much to automate the facilities of a company(5).According to this passage,what is the most expensive resour
30、ce in a corporation?（分数：1.00）A.Product.B.Human resource.C.Raw materials.D.Clients of the corporation.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Painting your house is like adding something to a huge communal picture in which the rest of the painting is done either by nature or by other people. The picture is not static
31、; it changes as we move about, with the time of day, with the seasons, with new planting, new buildings and with alterations to old ones. Any individual house is just a fragment of this picture, nevertheless it has the power to make or mark the overall scene. In the past people used their creative t
32、alents in painting their homes, with great imagination and in varied but always subtly blending colors. The last vestiges of this great tradition can still be seen in the towns of the extreme west of Ireland. It has never been recognized as an art form, partly because of the physical difficulty of h
33、anging a street in a gallery and partly because it is always changing, as paint fades and is renewed. Also it is a communal art which cannot be identified with any person, except in those many cases where great artists of the past found inspiration in ordinary street scenes and recorded them in pain
34、t. Following the principles of decoration that were so successful in the past, you should first take a long look at the house and its surroundings and consider possible limitations. The first concerns the amount of color and intensity in the daylight in Britain. Colors that look perfectly in keeping
35、 with the sunny, clear skies of the Mediterranean would look too harsh in the grayer light of the north. Since bright light is uncomfortable for the eyes, colors must be strong in order to be seen clearly. Viewed in a dimmer light they appear too bright. It is easy to see this if you look at a brick
36、 house while the sun is alternately shining and then going behind a cloud. The brick work colors look much more intense when the sun is hidden. The second limitation is the colors of the surroundings: the colors which go best with Cotswold stone and a rolling green countryside will be different from
37、 those that look best by the sea or in a red-brick/ blue-slate industrial town. In every area there are always colors that at once look in keeping. In many areas there are distinctive traditions in the use of color that may be a useful guide. The eastern countries of England and Scotland, particular
38、ly those with a local tradition of rendering of plastering, use colors applied solidly over the wall. Usually only the window frames and doors are picked out in another color, often white or pale grey. Typical wall colors are the pink associated with Suffolk and pate buffs. Much stronger colors such
39、 as deep earth red, orange, blue and green are also common. In the coastal villages of Essex, as well as inland in Hertfordshire, the house-fronts of overlapping boards are traditionally painted black originally tarred like ships with windows and doors outlined in white. In Kent these weather boarde
40、d houses are usually white. In stone areas of Yorkshire and farther north, color is rare. the houses are usually left in their natural color, though many are painted white as they probably all were once.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, “painting your house“ in the first sentence refers to _.（分
41、数：1.00）A.making a picture of your house using paintB.putting paint on the outside of your houseC.painting pictures in your houseD.painting your rooms(2).The passage suggests that as any individual home is just a fragment of a huge communal picture when you paint your house _.（分数：1.00）A.you should ha
42、ve your own unique way so as to avoid repetitionB.you should take into account the fading of colorsC.you should take general appearance of the area into considerationD.you should keep your house in harmony with what have already been painted in the picture(3).Which of the following statements is not
43、 the reason why the painting of houses has never been recognized as an art form?（分数：1.00）A.It is a communal piece of work which cannot be identified with any one person.B.It is impossible to display it to the gallery-going public.C.It is not static.D.People tend to think that communal picture is onl
44、y a street scene that has no artistic value.(4).The writer mentions the sunny, clear skies of the Mediterranean to show us that _.（分数：1.00）A.the climate of Britain is a long cry from that of the MediterraneanB.the bright colours chosen to paint a house in Mediterranean fit in well with the grayer li
45、ght of BritainC.the different quality of light in Britain and in the Mediterranean results in different selection of colorsD.the more intense the light is, the more beautiful the picture becomes(5).The writer has the opinion that when you paint your house, you will most likely choose（分数：1.00）A.the c
46、haracteristic local colorsB.your favorite colorsC.the colors to your artistic tasteD.the colors that fit in well with furniture七、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It was a moment most business executives would pause to savor: late last year, German sporting goods pioneer Adidas learned that after years of decli
47、ning market share, the company had sprinted past U. S. Reebok International to take second place behind Nike in the race for worldwide sales. But Robert Louis-Dreyfus, the rumpled Frenchman who now runs Adidas, didn“t even stop for one of his trademark Havana cigars in celebration, worried that the
48、company would grow complacent. Instead, he and a group of friends bought French soccer club Olympique de Marseille “Now that“s something I have dreamed about since I was a kid, “ Louis-Dreyfus says with an adolescent grin. 1 With sales in the first three quarters of 1996 at $2.5 billion, up a bliste
49、ring 30.7% over 1995, it“s hard to recall the dismal shape Adidas was in when Louis-Dreyfus took over as chairman in April 1993. Founded in 1920 by Adi Dassler, the inventor of the first shoes de- signed especially for sports, the company enjoyed a near monopoly in athletic shoes until an upstart called Nike appeared in the 1970s and rode the running fad to riches. By the early 1990s Adidas had come under the control of French businessman Bernard Tapie, who was later jailed for bribing three French soccer players. Although the company tried to spruc
