1、公共英语五级-196 及答案解析(总分：108.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：9.00)（分数：9.00）(1).People who have a lot of stress are more likely to become sick.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(2).Our immune system in our bodies causes disease.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(3).Our brain can probably affect our immun
2、e system.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(4).Biologists found that there might be a connection between emotional factors, such as stress or depression, and illness.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(5).All the infected cadets became ill.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(6).The sick cadets were very good students.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(7).Many student
3、nurses carried the virus in their blood and nearly all of them developed cold sores.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(8).Recently bereaved people are more likely to become iii or die than other people.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误(9).There is positive proof of a connection between the immune system and stress or depression.（分数
4、：0.90）A.正确B.错误(10).Bereaved people often sleep less but eat more than normal, or may drink alcohol or take medicines.（分数：0.90）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)（分数：4.00）(1).What is the main topic of this talk?（分数：1.00）A.Bicycles and cars.B.Building codes.C.Energy conservation.D.New housing constructio
5、n.(2).Why is insulation required in new houses?（分数：1.00）A.To limit discussion on heating bills.B.To prevent heat loss.C.To determine the temperature in homes.D.To convert homes to electric heat.(3).What is the purpose of building new houses facing north or south?（分数：1.00）A.To avoid direct sunlight.B
6、.To limit space used.C.To keep out the cold.D.To conform to other houses.(4).What has the city of Davis provided for bicycle riders?（分数：1.00）A.Special paths.B.Resurfaced highways.C.More parking space.D.Better street lighting.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the woman“s tone of voice when she first sees the man?
7、（分数：1.00）A.Frustrated.B.Relieved.C.Sarcastic.D.Apologetic.(2).What are the students doing when the man arrives in class?（分数：1.00）A.Taking an examination.B.Drawing graphs.C.Giving presentations.D.Having a class of discussion.(3).How much time do the man and the woman have before they address the clas
8、s?（分数：1.00）A.Less than ten minutes.B.About twenty minutes.C.Forty-five minutes.D.Over an hour.（分数：3.00）(1).What do the famous golden Oscar“ statuettes represent?（分数：1.00）A.The surprise winner.B.The hottest favorite.C.The greatest honor.D.Thought-provoking films.(2).What“s the film Crash talking abou
9、t?（分数：1.00）A.Los Angeles.B.Different characters.C.Glamorous occasions.D.Racial tension.(3).What did George Clooney say about being a director?（分数：1.00）A.Winning success.B.Being respected.C.Having a job.D.Being popular.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)（分数：10.00）(1).According to the FBI, how many robberies wer
10、e solved by the police last year in terms of percentage?（分数：1.00）(2).What is the percentage of burglaries reported to the police?（分数：1.00）(3).How long have solution rates for these four crimes remained virtually unchanged?（分数：1.00）(4).Why are robberies solved more often than burglaries, larcenies or
11、 auto thefts?（分数：1.00）(5).Why cannot the police convict most burglars?（分数：1.00）(6).What“s the best way to increase the closure rate?（分数：1.00）(7).What“s the average auto theft loss in 1997?（分数：1.00）(8).Whom will teenagers kill?（分数：1.00）(9).How is the nature of murder now?（分数：1.00）(10).In summary, wha
12、t did the speaker talk about?（分数：1.00）五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The United Nations has reported that 1 progress is being made in the fight 2 malaria in Africa. The UNICEF website says the area that is 3 the most dramatic improvement is sub- Saharan Africa. This is the region hardest hit by
13、 the 4 One of the biggest reasons for these gains against the killer infection is the increased use of special insect nets. This 5 solution can reduce child deaths by as much as 20 percent. The 6 says the number of children using the insecticide- treated 7 has tripled since 2000. According to UNICEF
14、“s Executive Director Ann Veneman, controlling malaria is vital 8 improving child health and economic 9 in affected countries. Studies show that malaria unfairly affects the poorest people in these countries, and contributes to their poorer 10 conditions. UNICEF prepared the 11 together with the Rol
15、l Back Malaria Partnership. This organisation is a collaboration of aid agencies launched in 1998 to 12 fight malaria. Its vision is that 13 2015, malaria “is no longer a major 14 of mortality and no longer a barrier 15 social and economic development“. The report 16 provides a healthy picture of th
16、e use of drugs in 17 the number of malaria cases. Since 2003, national health programmes have 18 heavily in buying anti-malarial drugs called ACTs. UNICEF“s health chief Pater Salama is 19 and says the future looks bright. He reports: “With the strong backing of some of the international donors and
17、the 20 of ACTs starting to be reduced, I think governments are becoming more confident now that this will be a sustainable strategy for anti-malaria treatment.“（分数：20.00）六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Computer microchips could become smaller, faster
18、and cheaper, thanks to scientists in the United States who have developed a speedier method of printing minuscule patterns on silicon chips. The discovery, by Stephen Chou and fellow scientists at Princeton University in New Jersey, could allow electronics manufacturers to increase the density of tr
19、ansistors on silicon chips by 100- fold and streamline production at the same time. Instead of taking 10 or 20 minutes to make a computer chip, the electrical engineers have imprinted features measuring I0 nanometers, or 10 millionths of a millimeter, on a computer chip in a quarter of a millionth o
20、f a second. The achievement, which could pave the way for more powerful computers and memory chips, is reported in the science journal Nature. “You just imprint the pattern directly into the silicon. You not only reduce the steps, you can do it in nanoseconds,“ Chou said in a statement. Silicon chip
21、s are minute slices of semiconducting material made to carry out functions in everything from toasters and mobile phones to giant corporate computers. Scientists had been looking for a replacement for silicon because they thought it would be impossible to improve the silicon chip, which would limit
22、advancements in chip size and speed. Chou has done away with etching, the normal way to make small patterns in silicon, and pressed a mould against a piece of silicon and applied a laser pulse for just 20 billionths of a second. It melts and resolidifies around mould. “Here we do not need to use all
23、 those steps,“ Chou said. “Scientifically, people are still trying to understand how it works, because it is amazing that it works at all.“ He calls the method Laser-Assisted Direct Imprint or LADI. Princeton University is applying for a patent on the technique. In a commentary on the research in Na
24、ture, Fabian Pease, of Stanford University, said the achievement will allow electronics manufacturers to continue the pace of miniaturization and keep Moore“s laws on track. Moore“s Law, observed by Intel Corp, co-founder Gordon Moore in 196.5, posits that the number of transistors on a semiconducto
25、r doubles roughly every 18 months. “A new imprinting technology for the production of silicon chips, introduced by Chou et al, could keep us on track,“ Pease said, adding that the law could hold for possibly another two decades.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the significance of the new technology?（分数：1.00）A.I
26、t is a replacement for silicon.B.It is a new imprinting technology to make faster, smaller computer chips.C.It is the improved etching method.D.The pattern can be imprinted directly into the silicon.(2).What does “resolidify“ (Para. 8, last sentence. mean?（分数：1.00）A.Become hard again,B.Back to solit
27、ude.C.Become liquid.D.Stretch around.(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true as to LADI?（分数：1.00）A.It could allow electronics manufacturers to increase the density of transistors on silicon chips by 100 times and simplify production meanwhile.B.A mould is pressed against a piece of silicon
28、 and a laser pulse is applied for just 20 billionths of a second before it“s done.C.It could result in more powerful computers and memory chips.D.It limits advancements in chip size and speed.(4).How many nanoseconds equal one second?（分数：1.00）A.One million.B.Ten million.C.One hundred million.D.One b
29、illion.(5).What can be concluded concerning Moore“s laws?（分数：1.00）A.It has proved to be out of date.B.It is still applicable to electronic industry.C.It will hold for another twenty years.D.It was observed by Gordon Moore in 1965.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Throughout history there have been many unusual
30、 taxes levied on such things as hats，beds，baths，marriages，and funeralsAt one time England levied a tax on sunlight by collection from every household with six or more windowsAnd according to legend，there was a Turkish ruler who collected a tax each time he dined with one of his subjectsWhy?To pay fo
31、r the wear and tear on his teeth! Different kinds of taxes help to spread the tax burdenAnyone who pays a tax is said to“bear the burden”of the taxThe burden of a tax may fall more heavily on some persons than on othersThat is why the three levels of government in this country use several kinds of t
32、axesThis spreads the burden of taxes among more peopleFrom the standpoint of their use，the most important taxes are income taxes，property taxes，sales taxes，and estate，inheritance，and gift taxesSome are used by only one level of government；others by two or even all three levelsTogether these differen
33、t taxes make up what is called our tax system Income taxes are the main source of federal revenuesThe federal government gets more than three-fourths of its revenue from income taxesAs its name indicated，an income tax is a tax on earningsBoth individuals and business corporations pay a federal incom
34、e tax The oldest tax in the United States today is the property taxIt provides most of the income for local governmentsIt provides at least a part of the income for all but a few statesIt is not used by the federal government A sales tax is a tax levied on purchasesMost people living in the United S
35、tates know about sales taxes since they are used in all but four statesActually there are several kinds of sales taxes，but only three of them are importantThey are general sales taxes，excise taxes，and import taxes Other three closely related taxes are estate，inheritance，and gift taxesEverything a pe
36、rson owns，including both real and personal property，makes up his or her estateWhen someone dies，ownership of his or her property or estate passes on to one or more individuals or organizationsBefore the property is transferred，however，it is subject to an estate tax if its value exceeds a certain amo
37、unt（分数：5.00）(1).The reason that the Turkish ruler collected a dining tax is to pay for_（分数：1.00）A.the inconvenience for him to put on and take off clothesB.the damage that eating did to his teethC.his efforts to cut the food into piecesD.the decay of his teeth because of sugar(2).The government levi
38、es different kinds of taxes so that_（分数：1.00）A.the rich have to pay more and the poor lessB.a wider range of taxpayers can be includedC.each of three levels of government could get tax moneyD.the burden of taxes falls evenly on everybody(3).The federal government gets most of their income from_（分数：1
39、.00）A.property taxB.income taxC.sales taxD.estate tax(4).How many states levy import taxes in the U.S.A.?（分数：1.00）A.4B.50C.46D.54(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Any form of property is subject to an estate tax when transferredB.Property tax provides a part of income for
40、local governmentC.There are a few kinds of sales taxesD.Individuals and corporations both pay income taxes十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of
41、course, lies in air. How could air be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2,900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to their bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmer“s mouth. But little progress was achieved in t
42、he invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit. In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag. with a glass window to be worn over the diver“s head. To “clean“ the air a breathing pipe went from the air ba
43、g, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices. In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the
44、 water. Finally, in 1837, he invented the “hard-hat suit“ which was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the “hard
45、-hat suit“. One was the sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also res
46、ult in death. Gradually the “hard-hat suit“ was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move around under the ocean without worrying about the air supply. During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a
47、 breathing device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmer“s speed another new invention was used: a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of the diver“s own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it pos
48、sible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past. The most important advance, however
49、, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a “scuba“. Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouthpiece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the diver“s back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about the wonders of the sea.（分数：4.00）(1).During the period 14901979
