1、公共英语五级-168 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).The recent social and economic changes in the US have great impact on all the American housing system.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).One out of four married couples have got divorced in America.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.
2、错误(3).The change in family size has affected the size of houses needed.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).In many areas of the US, people would rather rent an apartment than buy a house.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).People form cooperatives to spend less money on houses.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).People move back to cities beca
3、use they want to be closer to their offices.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).laving underground can help reduce the cost of heating and lighting.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).Inflation has made the interest on housing loans 18% higher than before.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).Unemployment in housing industry and depression in ho
4、using market result from social and economic changes.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).Mobile houses are built in order to lower the cost.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)(1).What does the officer have to do as a beat officer?A. Intervene with beatings. B. Do the shift work.C. Drive in a rain. D. Be at
5、the police station 24 hours.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the hour of a late shift?A. 2 PM10 PM. B. 6 PM2 AM.C. 10 AM6 PM. D. 6 AM10 PM.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the officer think is the worst part of her job?A. Getting involved in fatal accidents.B. Having to walk in the rain at nights.C. Deali
6、ng with crimes concerning children, old people and animals.D. Having to work long hours.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).What is the main topic of this lecture?A. Bicycles and cars. B. Building codes.C. Energy conservation. D. New housing construction.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why is insulation required in new house
7、s?A. To limit discussion on heating bills.B. To prevent heat loss.C. To determine the temperature in homes.D. To convert homes to electric heat.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the purpose of building new houses facing north or south?A. To avoid direct sunlight. B. To limit space used.C. To keep out the
8、 cold. D. To conform to other houses.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What has the city of Davis provided for bicycle riders?A. Special paths. B. Resurfaced highways.C. More parking space. D. Better street lighting.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).According to the passage, a country with a young population is a countryA. w
9、ith the population below the age of 25.B. with 50 percent of the population below the age of 15.C. with more than half the population below the age of 25.D. with 40 percent of the population below the age of 25.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By the year of 2050, the ratio of work force as a whole to new job s
10、eekers isA. 3:1.B. 4:1.C. 2.5:1.D. 3.5:1.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Among the countries with young populations, which is NOT mentioned?A. Mexico.B. Zambia.C. Indonesia.D. Syria.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).What do you know about Beethovens music talent when he was 7?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).How
11、 old was he when he was made assistant organist in Bonn?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).In which year did Beethoven meet his idol Mozart?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What was Mozarts reaction after he heard Beethovens performance?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What did Beethoven think of Haydns teaching?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).What wa
12、s Beethovens personality?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What can we learn about Beethoven from his style of composing?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Which is the most popular of all his symphonies?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).How did Beethoven communicate with others after he had lost his hearing?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Till 2004 ho
13、w long has he been dead?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)You may say that the business of marking books is going to slow down your reading. (31) probably will. Thats one of the (32) for doing it. Most of us have been taken in by the notion that speed of (33) is a measure of our in
14、telligence. There is (34) such things as the right (35) for intelligent reading. Some things should be (36) quickly and effortlessly, and some should be read (37) and even laboriously. The sign of intelligence (38) reading is the ability to read (39) things differently according to their worth. In t
15、he (40) of good books, the point is not to see how many of them can you get through, (41) how many can you get through themhow many you can (42) your own. A few friends are (43) than a thousand acquaintances. If this be your goal, (44) it should be, you will not be impatient if it takes more time an
16、d effort to read a great book than a newspaper (45) .You may have another objection to (46) books. You cant lend them to your friends (47) nobody else can read them (48) being distracted by your notes. Whats more, you wont want to lend them because a (49) copy is a kind of intellectual diary, and (5
17、0) it is almost like giving your mind away.If your friend hopes to read your Shakespeare, or The Federalist Papers, tell him, gently but firmly, to buy a copy. You will lend him your car or your coatbut your books are as much a part of you as your head or your heart.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
18、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In 1959 the average American family paid $ 989 for a years supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1
19、311. That was a price increase of nearly one-third. Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?Many blame the farmers who produ
20、ce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that are stored for sale. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the farmers share of the $1 311 spent by the family in 1972 was $ 521. This was thirty-one percent more than the farmer had received in 1959. But farmers claim that this increase
21、 was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm products after the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and ot
22、her food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the “middlemen“ who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?Of the $1 311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen received $ 790, which was th
23、irty-three percent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemans profit has increased more than the farmers. But some economists claim that the middlemens actual profit was very low. According to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat packers and food s
24、tores amounted to less than one percent. During the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than five percent. By comparison with other members of the economic system, both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices.Who then is actua
25、lly responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. The
26、y say that food costs more now because women dont want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.（分数：5.00）(1).The passage is mainly concerned with _.A. the average American family B. the price increaseC. the reason for th
27、e increasing cost of food D. the housewifes job（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Farmers should not be blamed for the rise because _.A. they produce the vegetables and other thingsB. they get a large share in the profitC. they work very hardD. their cost of living has also risen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The middlemen
28、 do not include _.A. housewives B. meat packersC. truck drivers D. salesmen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).For the middlemen, _.A. they make more profit than factories ownersB. they make as much profit as farmersC. their profit is less than presumedD. they are surprisingly rich（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The real cau
29、se for the rise, according to some economists, is that _.A. customers are willing to pay higher prices B. middlemen make huge profitsC. farmers sell grains at high prices D. women like to buy processed food（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much c
30、ut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apahty and stagnation. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests th
31、at the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit seeking organizations and other for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwe
32、nk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision-making than might be achiev
33、ed in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision-making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision-mak
34、ing suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness
35、 was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents, the executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.（分数：5.00）(1).In the eyes of the author, conventional opini
36、on on conflict is _.A. oversimplified B. misleading C. wrong D. unclear（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Professor Charles R. Schwenks research shows _.A. the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB. the difficulty in determining optimal level of conflictC. the Complexity of defining the roles of conflictD. th
37、e real value of conflict（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We can learn from Schwenks research that _.A. it is impossible for people to avoid conflictB. different people resolve conflicts in different waysC. conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsD. a persons view of conflict is influenced
38、by th6 purpose of his organization（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations _.A. decisions must be justifiableB. expression of different opinions is encouragedC. success lies in general agreementD. there is no end of conflict（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).People working in a n
39、ot-for-profit organization _.A. find it easier to reach agreement B. seem to be difficult to satisfyC. are less effective in making decisions D. are free to express diverse opinions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing tre
40、nd towards “directed“ or “programmed“ research, i.e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves. Any scientist working for such organizations and investigation in a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance
41、 with a plan or programmed designed beforehand.At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial research organizations in the modern sense: the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technici
42、ans, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms. Nevertheless, the scientist was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined programmed to which he had to conform.As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the pro
43、blems to be solved and the growing interconnection of different disciplines made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently. The increasing scale a
44、nd scope of the experiments needed to test new hypotheses and develop new techniques industrial processes led to the setting up of research groups or teams using highly complicated equipment in elaborately-designed laboratories. Owing to the large sums of money involved, it was then felt essential t
45、o direct these human and material resources into specific channels with clearly-defined objectives. In this way it was considered that the quickest and most practical results could be obtained. This, then, was programmed research.One of the effects of this organized and standardized investigation is
46、 to cause the scientist to become increasingly involved in applied research (development), especially in the branches of science which seem most likely to have industrial applications. Since private industry and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate results and show comparativ
47、ely little interest in long-range investigations, there is a steady shift of scientists from the pure to the applied fried, where there are more jobs available, frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than jobs connected with pure research in a university.Owing to the interd
48、ependence between pure and applied science, it is easy to see that this system, if extended too far, carries considerable dangers for the future of science and not only pure sciences, but applied science as well.（分数：5.00）(1).In the past there was no “directed“ research _.A. because no government would p
