1、公共英语五级-128 及答案解析(总分：112.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).The speech is mainly about the organization of the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).People like the changes in the organization of the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).All directors on the Board are full-tim
2、e employees in the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).The job of the Board of Directors is to administrate the company.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).The chairman of the Board is appointed by the Board.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(6).MD refers to “a doctor of medicine“.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(7).MD is the absolute head of the compa
3、ny.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).MD decides companys policies and carries them out.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).MD has six departmental managers at the moment.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).The speaker will introduce six departmental managers one by one.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：4，分数：12.00)(1).Why did the man go to see h
4、is doctor?A. To find out if he has the flu.B. To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet.C. To find out how to prevent illness.D. To find out the results of a blood test.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How does the man describe his health problem?A. He gets ill at the same time every year.B. He doesnt get e
5、nough exercise.C. He often has difficulty sleeping.D. Hes sick with influenza throughout the winter.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why does the doctor suggest the man get a lot of rest and eat well?A. To be ready to have a physical examination.B. To increase weight.C. To fight off the disease.D. To feel well
6、during the new semester.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).What is the current time in the conversation?A. 3:40 PM. B. 4:15 Pm. C. 4:30 PM. D. 4:45 PM.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How does the driver figure out that the passenger is a first-time visitor to the city?A. The passenger catches a taxi for a short one-mile tri
7、p.B. The passenger does not understand the rules for tipping drivers.C. The driver finds the passenger lost on the street before picking her up.D. The driver notices the passenger gazing upward at the tall buildings.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is one item the driver did NOT mention about the restauran
8、t?A. The price. B. The service.C. The interior design. D. The serving size.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Which of the following statements is true according to the speaker?A. Most people have dictionaries but dont use them frequently.B. Most people dont have dictionaries but need them very often.C. Most peop
9、le have dictionaries and use them very often.D. Most people dont have dictionaries and seldom need them.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do people usually think a dictionary is used for according to the speaker?A. Finding the part of speech of a word.B. Finding what a word means.C. Finding how to spell a w
10、ord.D. Finding how to pronounce a word.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the speaker suggest the readers do if they are not sure about the spelling of a word?A. Look for another word to use instead.B. Open a dictionary and check the spelling.C. Write it the way they think its spelled.D. Wait around for
11、 someone to tell them the spelling.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).When was the American Football Association founded? A. In 1913. B. In 1930. C. In 1914. D. In 1917.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following records of the US football team is true? A. First place in the 3rd world Cup. B. Second place in the
12、4th World Cup. C. Third place in the 1st World Cup. D. Fourth place in the 2nd World Cup.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Where was the finals of the World Cup in 1994 held? A. In England. B. In the USA. C. In Mexico. D. In France.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).Who usually take care of the elderly
13、 people in the United States?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).In what aspect did the statistics show of aging Americans?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What must be provided as people live longer today than before?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What have the psychologists and social workers started to be as Americans are living longer
14、 than ever?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).How do care-givers feel of their own job?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).How many reasons for care-giving have been found by social workers?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What would care-givers deserve when they became old and dependent in the future?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Who are more likely t
15、o use community services to help care for an elderly parent?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).Why dont most people put their dependent spouses into nursing homes?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).How did the elderly behave when they received care and attention from others?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Ps
16、ychologists take contrastive views of how external rewards, from (31) praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, (32) research the relation (33) actions and their consequences argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study va
17、rious aspects of mental life, maintain (34) rewards often destroy creativity (35) encouraging dependence (36) approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially (37) educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks (38) in grade-school children, sugg
18、esting (39) properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, (40) to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know theyre working for a (41) and can focus (42) a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity“, says Robert Eisenberger of the Unive
19、rsity of Delaware in Newark. “But its easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for (43) performance or creating too (44) anticipation for rewards.“A teacher (45) continually draws attention to rewards or who hands (46) high grades for ordinary achievement ends up (47) discouraged students, Eisenber
20、ger holds. (48) an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing (49) .In earlier grades, the use of se-called token economies, in (50) students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valu
21、ed rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00
22、)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to make ways of sha- ring the available employment more widely.But we need to go further. We must ask some
23、primary questions about the future of work. Would we continue to treat employment as the norm? Would we not rather encourage many other ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for our- selves, rather than for an employer? Should we not ai
24、m to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office,as centers of production and work?The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the
25、changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But,in fact, it could provide the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the
26、 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes. Later, as transportation improved, first
27、by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and the place in which they lived.Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial time, men and women had shared
28、 the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to be paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles
29、between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded-a problem now, as more teenagers become frustra- ted at school and more retired people want to live active lives.All this may now have to chan
30、ge. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs.（分数：5.00）(1).Research carried out in the recent opinion polls shows thatA. available employme
31、nt should be restricted to a small percentage of the population.B. new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures.C. available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployed.D. the nowaday high unemployment figures are a truth of life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The
32、 arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant thatA. universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperity.B. economic freedom came within everyones control.C. patterns of work were fundamentally changed.D. peoples attitudes to work had to be reversed.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The enclo
33、sures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant thatA. people were no longer legally entitled to own land.B. people were driven to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves.C. people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their land.D. people were badly paid for the work they managed to
34、find.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in thatA. the household and village community disappeared completely.B. men now travelled enormous distances to their places of work.C. young and old people became superfluous components of society.D. the work sta
35、tus of those not in paid employment suffered.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The article concludes thatA. the creation of jobs for all is an impossibility.B. our efforts and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient.C. people should begin supporting themselves by learning a practical skill.D
36、. we should help those whose jobs are only part-time.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent
37、 instability of urban life, By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for exa
38、mple, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibili
39、ty of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250, 000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying
40、 areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the City limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800, 000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty yearslots that could h
41、ave housed five to six million people.Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge surplus of subdivided but vacant land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essent
42、ially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants wer
43、e anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.（分数：5.00）(1).With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?A. Types of mass transportation
44、. B. Instability of urban life.C. How supply and demand determine land use.D. The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author mentions all of the following as effects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT_.A. growth in city areaB. separation of commercial and
45、residential districtsC. changes in life in the inner cityD. increasing standards of living（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?A. To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.B. To show that mass transit changed many cities.C. To exemplify cities with an
46、d without mass transportation.D. To contrast their rates of growth.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?A. it was expensive.B. It happened too slowly.C. It was unplanned.D. It created a demand for public transportation.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5)
47、.The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city_.A. that is largeB. that is used as a model for land developmentC. where land development exceeded population growthD. with an excellent mass transportation system（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Does caffeine affect
48、 the heart? In 1972 and 1973 Dr. Hershel Jick and fellow researchers at the Boston University Medical Center published two studies on coffee and myocardial infarction, the most common type of heart attack. They concluded that people who drank one to five cups of coffee daily ran a 50-percent greater risk of heart attack than those who drank no coffee, and
